August apple tree: variety description and characteristics, cultivation, planting and care with photo

In winter, fresh fruits are very necessary for a person. But buying them in a store, you can not be sure of their benefits. Therefore, it is better to grow your own apples on the site, which are stored for a long time, and their taste becomes better. It is worth trying to grow one of the popular Augusta apple varieties, obtained by biologists by crossing Papirovka and Orlik.

Description of the August apple tree

The apple tree belongs to the late-summer triploid types of fruit crops. Such plants are obtained by cross-breeding. Thanks to the work of breeders, the Augusta apple tree was bred in a similar way.Therefore, it has many positive qualities. Wood different:

• large rounded crown;
• shoots thick, slightly pubescent;
• bark on the trunk and main branches of gray;
• medium sized fruits, weighing 160 grams.

In addition to its beautiful appearance and delicious fruits, the Augusta apple tree is valued for being unpretentious in care and easily survives climatic anomalies.

Characteristics of the variety

To choose the right apple variety for growing, you need to know its main characteristics. They are related to yield, crop stability and taste of apples.

Tree dimensions

The hybrid is characterized by tall stature. The apple tree grows up to 4 meters. In a rounded crown, the branches are located at right angles to the trunk. The sparseness of the crown gives good light and ventilation to the tree, which is important for fruiting.

Leaf size and color

On grayish branches and shoots from the buds, leaves of a light green color, slightly wrinkled. The leaf plate is large, wide, with a narrow toe at the top, helical. There are leaves on the branches that look like a spoon, as they have upturned edges.

Annual growth

A variety of apple trees grows every year from 7 to 10 centimeters. Therefore, the tree is classified as fast-growing.

Yields

August hybrid apples reach technical maturity in the last decade of summer. The apple tree is valued for the fact that up to 20-25 kilograms of apples can be harvested from it from a tree 5-8 years old. Subsequently, when collecting fruits, about 100 kilograms are obtained.

Frequency in fruiting

The first fruits on the apple tree appear on the 4-5th year of life. If the first harvests are small, then every year they increase.

Tasting evaluation

Medium-sized fruits differ:

• oblong ribbed shape;
• yellowish-green cover with spilled blush;
• subcutaneous whitish dots;
• fine-grained pulp;
• underdeveloped seeds, light brown.

Tasters give apples a 4.4 for taste. They contain from 10% sugar, and acids 20.6 milligrams per 1 apple in 160 grams.

Winter hardiness

The variety belongs to those types of fruit crops that endure frosts of minus 30 degrees. Shoots and buds are rarely damaged by return spring frosts.

Disease resistance

Breeders claim that the apple variety is completely immune to scab. But other fungal diseases can occur due to improper cultivation and care of the tree.

Advantages and disadvantages of the apple tree

For gardeners, the advantages in choosing the Augusta apple variety are important. There are several of them, among which one can note:

• high marketability and keeping quality of fruits;
• dessert flavor of apples;
• frost resistance and unpretentiousness of culture;
• opportunity to grow a tree in many regions not only with a warm but also a temperate climate.

The disadvantages include susceptibility to some fungal diseases. And the ripe fruits of the variety are stored only for 1-2 months.

How to choose the right seedlings for planting

For planting, it is better to purchase hybrid seedlings in the nursery.They will offer one-year-old apple trees that do not yet have branches. Biennial specimens with 2-3 branches growing in different directions are also suitable. When buying, be sure to carefully examine the bark of the seedling, its roots. All parts of the plant should not have any damage, rotten areas.

Fit specifics

The late-summer type of apple tree must be provided with such a plot in the garden so that it is comfortable to grow and bear fruit. It is required to properly plant, as this procedure will allow the tree to develop correctly in the future.

Place and dates of landing

Like any variety, Augusta needs a sunny spot in the garden. The northwest or northeast slopes are best suited. In this case, the soil should be nutritious, loose, neutral in acidity. The occurrence of groundwater at the landing site is at a depth of 2.5 meters.

The best time to plant an apple tree is spring or autumn. In April, planting is suitable in areas with cold winters, and in October, where winter comes according to the calendar.

Preparing the pit

After laying out the site, they begin to dig planting pits. They are prepared in advance, 3-4 weeks in advance. Their depth should be from 40-50 centimeters with a width of 75-100 centimeters.

Necessary distance between seedlings

For a tall apple tree, it is necessary to dig holes with a distance of 5-6 meters between them. The same gap is left between the rows.

Fitting technology

Before planting, prepare a nutrient mixture of humus, superphosphate and potassium s alt. Organics need 2-3 buckets, and 200-300 grams of mineral components are enough. All this is mixed with a fertile layer taken out of the pit during digging. Fill the hole by a third. The sapling is kept for an hour in a clay mash, with roots dipped into it.

On the mound, which is made in the middle of the pit, they put a tree, straightening the roots. A peg for a garter is stuck nearby. They begin to sprinkle the seedling with earth, leaving the root collar at the level of the ground surface or 1-2 centimeters higher.

After planting, they compact the soil around the trunk with the soles of their feet and make a roller. It is necessary to water the seedling, taking 3-5 buckets of water. Then lay a layer of mulch from humus or manure.

Features of tree care

For the rapid adaptation of the apple tree and its development, proper care is needed. It includes crown formation and soil maintenance in the garden.

Pruning and crown shaping

For young trees, it is necessary to shorten part of the annual shoots in spring or autumn by 1/3 or 1/5 of the length of the annual growth. So there is a neat round crown with the correct arrangement of branches. Particular emphasis is placed on thinning branches of the 2nd order. But if the growth is small, within 30 centimeters, then the shoots are not touched. It is necessary to complete the formation of the crown by the fruiting period, that is, on the 4th-5th year after planting.

In a mature tree, remove those branches that are weak, damaged or grow inside the crown.

Pollinator varieties

To increase the yield of the Augusta apple tree, varieties of fruit crops are planted nearby that bear fruit at the same time as the hybrid. The Augusta apple tree is partially self-fertile, so pollinators will make it more productive.

Irrigation

Irrigation of apple trees is carried out 2-3 times per season, using 50-60 liters of water per tree. In dry summers, increase the frequency of watering.

Loosening and mulching

The trunk circle of an apple tree must be kept clean and periodically loosened. In spring and autumn, they dig the soil up to a depth of 5-8 centimeters. Mulch is applied annually, changing the layer. Mulching is optional in wet summers.

Fertilizers

Starting from the 2nd year of life, a tree needs organic and mineral fertilizers.In the spring, a trunk circle or grooves are shed next to the apple trees with a solution of mullein in a ratio of 1:5 or bird droppings - 1:12. After flowering, fertilizing containing phosphorus and potassium is applied. In August, after harvesting, it is also necessary to feed the apple tree with superphosphate and potassium s alt, as well as wood ash.

Preparing for winter

Young seedlings of the Augusta variety are covered with spruce branches for the winter or wrapped in non-woven material. Mature trees need shelter only in areas where winter is famous for severe frosts and winds.

Diseases and pests of August variety

Scab-resistant apple tree is often affected by cytosporosis This disease manifests itself both in young trees and in adults. You can detect symptoms on the bark, which becomes like goose bumps. Then swellings grow. When the fungus spreads, flowers suffer, which dry and fall off.If diseased branches are cut in time, the tree can be saved. Prevention of the disease is the proper care of the apple tree.

Of the pests, aphids, codling moth most often attack the culture. It is necessary to fight parasites with insecticides or laundry soap solutions.

Harvest and storage of crops

Collect fruits from trees from the second half of August during the month. They are not stored for long, but apples can be processed into jam, jam. The fruits are used to make juice.

Recommended