Reproduction of tulips: seed and vegetative method, technology and timing

Tulips in the garden or in the summer cottage are a natural decoration. Beautiful flowers with bright colors will decorate any site. Reproduction of spring tulips is an interesting and enjoyable process for lovers of these flowers. There are a huge number of varieties. Each differs in the original color and shape of the bud. Flowers can be double, goblet or lily-like. You can breed flowers of one variety or develop a new special one that will differ in shade, color of petals or bud shape.

Tulip propagation methods

Tulips are propagated in two ways - by seeds and by the vegetative method.Breeding by children, small bulbs, is used more often. Children receive from an adult flower. The method does not require special conditions and does not take much time. Therefore, gardeners prefer vegetative. Propagation by seeds allows you to breed a new variety, but this requires monitoring climatic conditions and eliminating harm from insects. Soil has a strong effect on seed germination. Therefore, this method is usually used by breeders.

Seeds

In order to get a new variety with an interesting and unusual color, it is worth doing seed propagation of a flower. The process, of course, is lengthy, but the result will exceed all expectations. The first flowers with this breeding will appear only after 3-5 years. You will need to pick the flowers that will be needed for reproduction.

When used

Reproduction by seeds is recommended when breeding a new type of tulip. To do this, you will need to pollinate a particular type of flower with the pollen of another or several.You can get a new bud shape or petal shade. Planting seeds without pollination will not work. The decorative qualities of the existing plant will not appear.

Seed propagation technology

To reproduce in this way, you will need to perform a number of necessary actions. Pollination is carried out artificially. Planting seeds should be carried out next to the bulbs of plants that participated in the crossing.

If the choice fell on plants with different flowering periods, then it is recommended to store the collected pollen in the refrigerator in a special paper bag.

Anthers must be carefully removed 2 days before the process. Pollinate twice with an interval of 2-3 days. Additional pollination by insects should not be allowed, so the seeds should be covered with paper or a light cloth.

Seeds are removed when the box turns brown and starts to crack. If you linger a little, the seeds will fall to the ground. Store in a cool dry place (can be in the refrigerator) at a temperature of 0 to +5 ^C.

First, the seeds are sown in a planting box or pot. The planting depth should not exceed 20 mm. This is where bulbs will form. The process usually takes up to 3 years. After that, you can plant the resulting bulbs in the garden.

The first flowers will appear in about 5 years. Often the first flowering is quite weak and dim. The desired result will be in 8-12 years. After that, vegetative propagation can already be carried out.

Vegetative method

Reproduction of tulips by children - bulbs of an adult plant, is used more often by gardeners. The bulbs are dug out of the soil after they have completely bloomed. Special processing and sorting is carried out so that the bulbs can overwinter and not lose their qualities. Storage is responsible for the quality of flowering in the subsequent planting. At this time, flower buds are formed.

Principle of vegetative propagation

Vegetative propagation is used by gardeners all the time. With this method, flowering is achieved faster, and valuable external features of the mother plant can be preserved. The process takes place in two stages. The first stage is characterized by the development of the bulb as part of the mother plant. The second stage is the independent growth and flowering of the bulb. From one you can get several children. The mother bulb dies at this time.

A distinctive feature of this method lies in the ability of children in the process of formation to receive nutrients from mother scales.

Development is uneven. Children begin an independent stage from the development to which they were able to grow in the mother's bulb. In young seedlings, a stolon-like shoot is formed - a sign of a young plant. After flowering, this ability disappears.

Each daughter bulb inherits different characteristics from the mother plant. Depends on the tulip's own changes. To obtain a large and beautiful flower, it is recommended to use side children of the 2nd and 3rd analysis. Bulbs of the first parsing can be used round. Also, the quality of a young plant is affected by the storage of children.

Dig up bulbs

Digging time for each variety is different. You need to dig out after the leaves have turned yellow, but have not dried up yet. This is the main sign of maturation. Tulips with green leaves are recommended to be left until ripening. If the leaves are dry and easily separated from the stem, then it is too late to dig.

Usually, tulips are harvested from late June to mid-July. Terms vary according to the climatic band of flower growth. For the middle lane, this is the beginning of July. Don't be in a hurry to dig.to. children will not have time to mature and accumulate nutrients. But a long wait is harmful to the plant - the bulbs are destroyed. A rainy summer can shift the timing of flowering and drying of the leaves, but you should not wait. Prolonged exposure to damp ground can cause rot.

Dig carefully so as not to damage the bulbs. Throwing away damaged species is not worth it, they are quite suitable for planting (provided that the root system and bottom are not damaged).

Sorting

The bulbs, dug up and processed, are further sorted according to size. Instances with a diameter exceeding 40 mm belong to the extra class. The first class has a diameter of 35 mm to 40 mm, the second - 30-35 and the third - 25-30. Lateral children are distinguished by categories - specimens with sizes of 15-25 mm belong to the 1st category, 2nd category does not exceed 15 mm.

When sorting the bulbs, the grower can plan to plant tulips next year:

• copies of the correct form can be planted separately, because in the first year there will be only one leaf - they will bloom in a year;
• small flattened specimens will take more time (about 2 years) - plant in the ground to a depth that is a multiple of 3 bulb heights.

Proper sorting allows you to create a beautiful compositional garden with a well-planned planting.

Storage conditions

It is recommended to store the bulbs in a well-ventilated room with a temperature not exceeding 26 ^{C, humidity - 70-80%. It is better to make special perforated boxes in which there will be comfortable storage conditions. They stay in boxes until autumn, so you should not put them in the cellar or put them in the refrigerator. There is a risk of them rotting.}

The ripening of the bulb in the ground occurs at a sufficiently high temperature.Therefore, during the storage period, they require approximately similar conditions in terms of temperature and humidity. Proper storage will enable strong color buds to form. The main condition is darkness. Light is not recommended due to the fact that physiological disturbances occur in the bulbs. This may result in reduced flower quality.

It is not recommended to store the bulbs until spring, because they can wake up in comfortable conditions for them. Therefore, it is better to plant them in the ground in autumn - in September or October.

Which way is better?

Which method to choose for reproduction depends on the purpose of this process. If the goal is to develop a new variety with a new shade and color or a different bud, then it is better to stop at the seed method. The process will be long, but the result will be achieved. As a result, you can get a beautiful unusual tulip, which can take pride of place in the garden among other brethren.

The vegetative method does not require special weather conditions. You can enjoy your favorite flower already next year. Maternal traits are retained and receive minimal changes.

Tips for gardeners

In order for the appearance of the garden to please, you need to make a little effort and follow a number of rules:

• when propagating tulips vegetatively, you need to properly dig, sort and store the bulbs;
• after digging the bulbs, it is required to clean the earth and roots, dry well and determine for storage;
• correct sorting will create a beautiful garden;
• seed method takes time, but the result exceeds all expectations;
• do not leave the bulbs until spring - quality characteristics may decrease, which will affect flowering;
• you need to correctly calculate the planting depth - this guarantees germination and flowering on time.

Proper care of the flower and the breeding process carried out will help preserve tulip varieties or add new luxurious species that will delight for a long period of time.

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