How to plant female sea buckthorn on male: timing and methods
One of the ways to propagate sea buckthorn is grafting. A male stalk is grafted to a female tree, which makes it possible not to grow different trees nearby. When wondering how to graft a female sea buckthorn onto a male one, you will need to understand all the nuances of the procedure in order to avoid mistakes.
Benefits of Sea Buckthorn Grafting
Grafting a berry crop allows you to increase productivity and grow different types of sea buckthorn on a tree. Reproduction is based on nourishing the young shoot with nutrients through the roots.
Sea buckthorn vaccination benefits include the following:
- the ability to harvest a new variety without planting a separate tree;
- reduction of the ripening period;
- saving space at their summer cottage;
- replacing an unfavorable variety with another variety using a viable powerful rootstock;
- growing varieties that are not adapted to the climate in the growing region.
Required tools
The correctness of the procedure for grafting a cutting to a plantation largely depends on the devices used for grafting.
To plant sea buckthorn, you will need:
- Gardening knife used to form cuttings and clean the cut on the trunk.
- A budding knife with a concave blade used to spread bark.
- Copulation knife with a straight blade for making oblique or straight cuts.
- Grafting pruner with different attachments.
All of the listed tools should be well sharpened, as this will simplify the workflow. Also, to perform sea buckthorn propagation, plastic wrap may be required to fix the new cutting on the tree.
Due dates
Vaccination of sea buckthorn is carried out in stages, and the exact timing depends on weather conditions. Young and strong shoots about two years old are cut from sea buckthorn in late November - early December. Then the cuttings are placed in storage under the condition of a low temperature, and with the onset of spring, a rootstock is made.
After a warm winter, when there is no chance of freezing young branches, it is allowed to choose cuttings for propagation in late March or early April.Selected cuttings are wrapped in plastic wrap to prevent drying out, and then placed in a refrigerator or placed in a cool room.
The recommended vaccination period is at the beginning of the spreading of the integumentary scales of the kidney of the used rootstock, which most often occurs towards the end of April.
How to plant sea buckthorn?
There are several ways to inoculate sea buckthorn, which differ in the nuances of carrying out. It is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the different options and the features of their implementation in order to choose the appropriate method.
For the bark
The bark grafting method should be used for older stands when the diameter of the rootstock exceeds the diameter of the cutting. It is important to consider that the diameter of the rootstock branch must exceed the thickness of the scion.
The vaccination procedure is as follows:
- From autumn, a cutting is selected and prepared in advance. A young shoot with 2-3 mature buds is best.
- At the end of the cutting, a cut is left at an angle of 45 degrees.
- Cut the stock so that it fits with the cut on the scion. The depth of the cuts must be identical.
- Using a budding knife, lift the bark on the rootstock and place the shoot in a split. On either side, a rootstock and a scion are combined along the educational fabric.
- The grafting site is wrapped with plastic wrap or a special grafting tape. The upper part of the cutting is treated with garden pitch.
Copulation
The copulation method is suitable for immature seedlings and adult plantations. The main requirement for copulation is the same diameter of scion and rootstock. Before performing the procedure, it is necessary to prepare the stock.If the vaccination is carried out on a young seedling, then the stem of sea buckthorn is shortened a couple of centimeters above the root collar.
Then choose the most powerful and he althy shoot, and cut off the rest. Within 3-4 months, the shoot is grown. In order for the cutting to actively thicken, the side stepchildren are cut off at a distance of 15 cm from the lower base. When the rootstock grows up, they begin direct reproduction.
The process includes the following steps:
- A cut up to 3 cm deep is made on the rootstock. An identical cut is left on the handle under the kidney located below.
- Departing a third from the end of the sections, a tongue is formed, the length of which should not reach the incision. To form a tongue, a pointed knife is placed perpendicular to the cut and pressed, moving the blade to the right and down.
- The cuts formed on the rootstock and graft join each other.
- The junction of the handle is wrapped with plastic wrap. Wrap the material in a clockwise direction. If cracks form, they can be filled with garden pitch.
Post-Vaccination Care
Features of caring for berry crops depend on the chosen grafting method. After copulation, the result can be seen after 10-15 days. If the cutting takes root on the plant, then shoots will grow on it. In the case when the buds on the handle open, but do not continue to develop and dry up, this means that the shoot did not take root.
Several shoots are formed on each properly rooted cutting. When they grow up to 10 cm in length, you need to choose the most developed one, and for all the rest, pinch the top.
After grafting on the bark, when the growth of the cutting stops, the stepchildren growing from the bottom are shortened. The shoots under the rootstock are removed so that it does not absorb nutrients and does not reduce the immunity of young seedlings. To ensure the direction of the juices to the rootstock, it is allowed to leave the kidneys under it. In this case, shoots will be formed from them, which need to be pinched.
The rest of the sea buckthorn care is performed in the standard mode. For the development and fruiting of trees, it is necessary to irrigate, loosen the ground, carry out protective spraying to combat diseases and pests.
Spreading the error of summer residents
When grafting sea buckthorn, many beginner gardeners often make common mistakes. By becoming familiar with the possible mistakes and the right technology, it will be possible to prevent a number of problems.
When performing the procedure, you need to know the following nuances:
- The stalk should not be grafted into a small branch that dries up after fruiting, but into a large branch growing from the sunny side. This way the new cuttings will not wither.
- When copulating, the optimal scion size is 5-10 cm. On shorter or excessively long branches, the stock may not take root.
- Despite the plasticity of the berry culture under external influence, it is necessary to make cuts and carry out further actions in a short period of time. Otherwise, you can harm the plant.
It is important to store cuttings in the right conditions to ensure fast and proper growth.
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