Tetracycline for animals: top 10 drugs and instructions for use

The success of a farmer depends entirely on the he alth of his animals, and for a farm, a cow is a source of well-being for the whole family. Like people, animals, and dairy cows in particular, are susceptible to various diseases, including infectious ones. Against diseases caused by bacteria, the use of tetracycline for animals, which exists in several variations, is practiced.

Features of tetracyclines

Tetracycline antibiotics are used to kill most Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, as well as Rickettsia and some types of Mycoplasmas.It should be borne in mind that antibiotics are ineffective against viruses and fungal infections, therefore, they can be prescribed only after identifying the causes of the disease, making a diagnosis.

In some cases, feeds containing low doses of antibiotics are used to feed cattle to prevent various diseases. This method allows you to save livestock from the risk of infection, but it negatively affects the quality of meat and dairy products. In a number of countries, the method is banned.

Tetracyclines for calves in tablets are prescribed by veterinarians for the treatment of diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to antibiotics of this group.

Drugs come in several forms. The powder is used for injections, tablets, ointments and sprays for irrigation are made on its basis. When using tetracycline, discoloration of tooth enamel is possible. Livestock can be slaughtered only after 6 days after the end of the drug.If the animal was slaughtered before this period, its carcass is used to feed fur-bearing animals or to produce meat and bone meal. It is forbidden to use such meat for people and pets.

Indications for use

Tetracyclines are used to treat a number of infectious diseases caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria sensitive to these substances. The agent destroys the bonds formed between the ribosome and the transfer RNA. This causes suppression of protein synthesis and leads to the death of the pathogen.

The list of pathogens against which tetracyclines are effective includes the following:

Esherichia.
Salmonella.
Staphylococci.
Streptococci.
Rickettsia.
Some varieties of mycoplasmas.
Pasterellas.
Listeria.
Anthrax germs.
Leptospira.
Clostridia and a number of other pathogens.

Tetracycline insensitive or low susceptibility Protea, high proportion of fungi, acid-resistant bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and viruses.

Tetracycline-based drugs are prescribed for diseases provoked by the listed pathogens, as well as for the following diseases:

Pneumonia.
Mastitis.
Metritah.
Erysipelas.
Gastroenteritis.
Urinary tract lesions.
Eczema, burns and wounds of various origins, especially infected.
Diseases of the eyes, ears, mouth.

Pregnant cows are not prescribed tetracycline due to negative effects on the fetus. Also, drugs can cause allergies up to anaphylactic shock in case of hypersensitivity to them.

Varieties

According to the method of application, there are the following types of drugs.

Oral

These antibiotics are in tablet form and are given to calves by mouth (orally). They dissolve in the digestive tract and are absorbed into the blood, so these drugs are more often prescribed for diseases associated with lesions of internal organs.

Biovit

The preparation is a dry culture liquid on which chlortetracycline was grown. Available in several versions: "Biovit-40", "Biovit-80", "Biovit-120", which contain respectively 40, 80 and 120 milligrams of tetracycline and 4, 8 and 12 micrograms of vitamin B_{12 This is a therapeutic and prophylactic remedy that is given to calves and other animals, poultry when there is a threat of infection, especially when they are crowded.}

"Terravetin"

Domestic drug, 1 gram of which contains 500 micrograms of oxytetracycline hydrochloride. Supplied in plastic bags of 250 grams placed in cardboard boxes. Assigned to calves at 20-40 milligrams 2-3 times a day as a solution in water.

Mepatar

This is an analogue of "Terravetin-500" of Polish production, containing 50 milligrams of oxytetracycline in 1 gram of the product. Calves are prescribed 40-60 milligrams of the drug, which are divided into 2 or 3 doses, dissolving in drinking water.

"Doxycycline"

This is a semi-synthetic derivative of oxytetracycline, a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Suppresses protein synthesis of pathogens.Differs in accelerated absorption, almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, excreted in the urine and manure. It has the ability to spread through the tissues and fluids contained in the body. In cattle, "Doxycycline" ("Vibramycin") is most commonly used to combat brucellosis.

Outdoor

These types of medicines are used exclusively for the treatment of external lesions. They exist in the form of ointments, emulsions or aerosols that form a thin active film or layer on the body.

Terramycin Spray

Aerosol is used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of wounds, skin irritations, eczema, and foot rot, skin diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to tetracycline antibiotics.

Eye ointment

This remedy is effective for bacterial conjunctivitis, blepharitis and other eye infections. The ointment is applied to the affected areas and laid behind the eyelid. Antibiotic content - 1%.

Tetracycline ointment

For the treatment of eczema, infected skin lesions, abrasions, wounds, suppuration, boils, inflamed burns, 3% tetracycline ointment is used.

It is distributed in a thin layer over the affected area 1-2 times a day or used for dressings daily, until the signs of infection completely disappear and the sore spot heals.

Parenteral

This type of drug is intended for injection, which eliminates absorption through the digestive tract, accelerating the penetration of the drug into the blood and lymph.

Nitox

This is the most commonly used veterinary injectable in water, a brown clear liquid with a slight degree of viscosity. "Nitox-200" enters pharmacies in the form of glass bottles of 20, 50 or 100 milliliters.

Morphocycline

This is a synthetic, water-soluble tetracycline preparation used for intravenous injection. Contains from 600 IU (action units) of an antibiotic in 1 gram of the drug, diluted with 5% glucose solution, produced in vials of 0.1 and 0.15 grams, administered 1-2 times a day at the rate of 0.001-0.002 grams per 1 kilogram of body weight.

"Doxycycline-200"

The active ingredient is doxycycline hyclate at a ratio of 200 milligrams per milliliter. It is prescribed for small and large cattle, pigs with pneumonia, salmonellosis, foot rot, pasteurellosis, keratoconjunctivitis and a number of other infections sensitive to tetracyclines.

Rules of application

When using any antibiotics, including tetracycline, be sure to follow the instructions for use. A contraindication to use is an allergic reaction and hypersensitivity to this group of drugs.Duration of treatment, dosage and form of antibiotic, method of administration are selected by the veterinarian based on the age and he alth of the animal.

Advice and recommendations from experts

Antibiotics are serious drugs that can both harm the body and benefit. They can cure dangerous bacterial infections that can harm the cow and cause mass destruction of the herd. At the same time, the use of antibiotics, including tetracycline, can only be prescribed by a veterinarian only if it is impossible to do without them.

It is risky and irresponsible to prescribe such complex drugs for any reason and without it.

Can I drink milk while using antibiotics

Antibiotics get into milk, so they are not used for human food and for feeding calves during treatment and for some time after completion. Milk is sold separately and disposed of, because it is no good. After completion of treatment, milking cows and using milk for its intended purpose is possible only if antibiotics are not detected in the samples.