Vaccination of horses: mandatory vaccination schedule and possible complications

Infectious diseases in horses can spread quickly and affect entire stables. Sick animals lose their working capacity, sports animals cannot train and get results. Some equine diseases can also be transmitted to humans. Diseases can be prevented by vaccination. Consider the vaccination scheme for horses, mandatory vaccinations and examinations. What complications can be after vaccinations.

What vaccinations are given to horses?

There are mandatory vaccinations for all horses. They must be noted in the veterinary certificate of the animal, they are necessary for its movement from one region to another.According to the veterinary rules for transporting horses across the territory of the Russian Federation, sports animals that have a passport of the Equestrian Federation or the Institute of Horse Breeding must be vaccinated against:

• horse flu (every six months);
• anthrax (once a year);
• lichen (once a year).

Once every six months they must be tested for glanders, dourine, INAN.

Anthrax shot

Prevention of this disease begins when foals are 9 months old. It is carried out once a year, the vaccine is used from the strain 55-VNIIVViM and K79-Z.

Examination for glanders, accidental disease and INAN

Venous blood is taken from horses, which is then examined in the laboratory. Sports animals are examined 2 times a year, the rest - once a year. Vaccines against these diseases are not made.

Vaccination or test for leptospirosis

Vaccination or blood testing for the presence of this disease is also carried out once a year. The choice of method depends on how prosperous the farm and the region where the animals live.

Equestrian influenza virus injection

Domestic and foreign inactivated preparations are used for viral infections. Multiplicity - twice a year. The dosage is set according to the epidemiological situation in the region.

Prevention of dermatophyte pathologies

Veterinary practice uses various preparations, inactivated and live vaccines. They create different immunity. Vaccination is carried out in 2 stages with an interval of 10-15 days. Frequency - 1 time per year. Starting to vaccinate 3-month-old foals.

Only he althy animals can be vaccinated, if a fungus is already present in the horse's body, after the pathogen is treated, the disease will aggravate.On the skin of animals, bald patches may appear and itching may begin. In farms where infection with microsporum and trichophyton is noted, horses are given a medicinal dose, not a prophylactic one.

Injection against horse rhinopneumonia

In Russia, a dry vaccine has been developed from a strain of the CB/69 virus, there are also foreign options, such as Equilis Rezequin and Pneumequin. They are not used everywhere, but only in the area where there is a threat of morbidity. The agent is injected into the muscles twice, with an interval of 3-4 months, repeated annually.

Pregnant mares who are more than 7 months pregnant should not be vaccinated. Foals are vaccinated from 3 months.

Prevent brucellosis, tetanus, rabies

In unfavorable regions for these infections, horses are given additional vaccinations. Domestic and foreign-made preparations are used, which are used for all types of animals. Multiplicity - 1 or 2 times a year.

For tetanus, Russian and foreign drugs (associated with influenza) are also used. The immunity developed after vaccination remains in horses for 5 years.

Research for the presence of tubercle bacilli in the body

Despite the low prevalence of this disease among horse farms in Russia, veterinarians recommend conducting studies every year. This applies to both external manifestations of infection and laboratory confirmation.

From worms

Prophylaxis of helminthiases is carried out with preparations that contain ivermectin. The substance is effective against ascariasis, oxyurosis and strongyloidiasis and other helminths caused by roundworms.The drugs are effective in the treatment of gastrofilosis and some protozoal diseases. The funds are given to horses along with feed at a dosage of 0.3-0.4 mg / kg, or they are injected once into the muscles at 0.2 mg / kg.

They also give drugs that destroy nematodes. Remedies for roundworms and nematodes alternate, give them annually. Prevention of infection with tapeworms is carried out before the spring pasture of horses to pasture. Animals are fed "Fenasal" in the amount of 200-300 mg/kg.

Could there be complications

Complications often occur if animals are vaccinated that are not completely he althy. They may have a temperature, exacerbation of chronic diseases, weakness. Animals in this state are not vaccinated. After vaccination, the body of animals may react with an allergic reaction to the introduction of a pathogen, which is expressed in fever, swelling and redness at the injection site, rashes.

To reduce the likelihood of complications, horses are released from work or training for a day or several after vaccination, fed with less concentrates. When signs of allergy appear, the horse should be taken to a veterinarian.

Vaccination is a mandatory procedure for owners of sport and working horses. Animals are vaccinated every year against the most dangerous viral infections that can spread among livestock in various stables. Vaccinated individuals develop immunity that helps to cope with infection when it occurs. The wholesale vaccination of horses gives hope that the disease can be stopped and not brought to an epidemic.

Recommended