Vaccinations for piglets: what do they do, vaccination rules and schedule
Vaccinations against dangerous diseases help keep piglets alive, guarantee weight gain and full development. On large pig farms, adherence to the vaccination schedule is strictly monitored. The quality of meat is subjected to rigorous testing, because many pig pathologies are dangerous for humans. When breeding pigs at home, you need to know what vaccinations piglets need in order to preserve the he alth of the animal and get a quality product.
What vaccinations do piglets need
Large pig farms carry out vaccinations in full, as there is a high risk of a mass epidemic and loss of livestock.Owners of one or more piglets often believe that due to the lack of contact with other people's pigs, their pets are protected from diseases. But infections are often transmitted to piglets by insects, people, other pets, and rodents.
A zealous owner will protect his pets from possible dangers, preserving the he alth of piglets, money and labor invested. For the selection of a complex of necessary vaccinations, it is better to contact the veterinary service. Specialists will draw up a vaccination schedule taking into account the epidemiological situation in the region, select only the necessary items and effective drugs.
From Salmonella
Dangerous infection often affects suckling pigs at the age of 1.5-4 months. The disease is characterized by an acute course with diarrhea, fever. The intestinal mucosa is affected. In the acute form, up to 80% of young animals die. For protection, associated vaccines PPD and SPS are used, which additionally prevent infection with streptococci and pasteurella.Norms:
- PPD - 4 grams each, twice;
- SPS - 2 grams, twice in 2 days, revaccination in a month.
One vaccination gives piglets immunity from several dangerous diseases.
From the plague
Anti-plague vaccinations for pigs are mandatory, as the disease spreads rapidly, leading to the death of animals with almost 100% probability. The disease develops within a week, accompanied by a rise in temperature, loss of appetite, vomiting, weakness, diarrhea. Classical plague can occur in different forms, piglets die within 1-2 weeks.
CS vaccine is administered twice - at the age of 1-1.5 months, then - revaccination after 60 days.
Against the faces
The disease is caused by the bacterium Erysipelothrix insidiosa. Erysipelas spreads rapidly, characterized by skin rashes, thirst, drowsiness, and cardiac disorders.For vaccinations, vaccines BP-2, GOA or PLAAR are used. According to the scheme, 3 vaccinations are required, the first is done at 16-17 weeks, repeated after 2-4 weeks, completed at the age of 5-7 months.
From worms
Helminths disrupt digestive processes, prevent young animals from gaining weight, and reduce the body's immune defenses. Many types of worms provoke the development of dangerous diseases. For vaccinations, drugs Iversect, Ivermek, Levamisole are used.
From rickets
Severe chronic disease is caused in piglets by a lack of vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus s alts. Rickets is manifested by disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, delayed bone growth, loss of strength and skeletal deformities. Piglets are vaccinated on the 10th day, introducing preparations containing potassium, sodium and calcium. Chalk, fish oil, bone meal are added to the feed. Also support lactating pigs. To prevent rickets, piglets are irradiated with fluorescent and mercury-quartz lamps.
From leptospirosis
Carriers of leptospirosis are rodents, the disease is characterized by jaundice, fever, necrosis of mucous membranes and skin. The VGNKI vaccine is administered to piglets twice to form stable immunity.
From foot-and-mouth disease
FMD vaccinations are not mandatory, they are carried out based on the epidemiological situation in the region. The decision to vaccinate is made by the veterinarian. For piglets, Immunolactone is used intramuscularly.
From Teschen's disease
The need for vaccination against enzootic encephalomyelitis (Teschen's disease) is determined by veterinarians. The disease often affects young animals aged 1-2.5 months. The vaccine is administered twice with a break of 2-3 weeks to form stable immunity.
Basic vaccination rules
Vaccines will help build immunity if the vaccine is done properly. Here are the basic rules for vaccinating an animal:
- Absolutely he althy piglets are vaccinated. Pre-inspection is carried out, the condition is monitored for 1-2 days.
- Before using the drug, read the instructions, choose the dose, determine the injection site.
- Dosing is determined by weight, age, other recommended parameters.
- It is necessary to wear protective equipment - an apron, gloves, disinfect the animal's skin area.
- Find out if dilution of the drug is required - use saline. The prepared injection solution is administered without delay, do not store.
- You should enlist help - invite a person to hold a nimble pig.
- If the subcutaneous injection of the vaccine is indicated, they are injected into the area behind the ear or into the inner part of the thigh. After treatment with an alcohol-containing substance, the skin is pulled back, the needle is inserted at an angle of 45 °.
- Intramuscular injections are made into the neck and thighs, directing the syringe perpendicular to the body.
Important: sterility should be observed, the injection site should be carefully disinfected, a separate syringe should be used for each individual.
After vaccination, animals are provided with comfortable conditions and enhanced nutrition. A possible temporary deterioration in well-being does not need treatment. The vaccinated young animals are observed for 2-3 days, if the piglets get worse, they turn to the veterinarian.
Vaccination schedule
The vaccination schedule is compiled together with the veterinarian, focusing on the regional problems of pigs and the characteristics of a particular piglet. Sample vaccination schedule:
| Disease | Drug (vaccine) | Deadline | Notes |
| Anemia | Iron preparations ( Suiferrovit, Ferroglukin) | The first days of life | |
| Rickets | Potassium, calcium10 day | Irradiation with a lamp will complement the vaccine | |
| PPD, ATP | 20 day | Required revaccinations according to instructions | Classic plague |
| 40-45 day | Leptospirosis | ||
| 45 day | Repeat in a week | Helminthiases | |
| 8 weeks | In 4-5 weeks revaccination | Teschen's disease | |
| 60 days | As indicated | FMD | |
| 2-2.5 months | Mug | ||
| 17 weeks | Revaccination one month later, last 7 months |
Modern vaccines are safe for animals, able to form strong immunity. You should not refuse vaccinations in the hope that the infection will pass by, the piglets will not get sick even without vaccinations. Treatment is often ineffective, young animals die from diseases that could be protected from one injection.
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