Pear Talgar Beauty: description and characteristics of the variety, planting and care

Specialists of the Kazakh Institute of Horticulture worked on breeding the Talgarka pear. When pollinating the seeds of the Forest Beauty, breeders used several varieties of the crop. All of them had excellent technical characteristics, which were transferred to the Talgar Beauty pear. Low fruit trees began to be grown in the North Caucasus, cultivated in the Stavropol Territory and some areas of the Central Black Earth region.

Description and characteristics of the variety

Pear Talgarka or Almaatinka has a dense pyramidal crown, medium height. From the flaky trunk, which has a gray tint, the main shoots depart at a right angle. Flexible and even branches covered with leaves:

• dark green;
• oblong shape;
• with jagged edges.

In the second decade of May, large white flowers appear on the pear. The kidneys are similar to a cone, an ovary is formed on annular branches. The fruits ripen in September. The tree gives its first fruits at the age of 4.

Pear, shaped like a bottle, covered with a glossy skin, decorated with a scarlet blush on the south side. Small green dots can be seen under the skin.

Fruits weigh 150-160 g, the mass of some specimens approaches 250. When ripe, the dense crispy pulp is filled with juice, becomes creamy in color, has a pleasant sweet taste, which is estimated at 4.6 points.

Pear Talgar Beauty is rich:

• sugars;
• vitamin C;
• organic acids.

Fruits are held on a curved stalk, tied so many of them that the branches of the tree bend to the ground.

Variety pollination

In order for the Talgar Beauty to give a good harvest, other pears that are self-fertile should be planted next to it.

Pollinator varieties

When Almaatinka was bred by specialists of the Kazakh Research Institute, the seeds of the Forest Beauty were crossed with the seed of other pears. They can be used as a pollinator. The medium-sized Goverla tree forms a compact crown, perfectly coexists with other plants, and is not affected by fungal diseases.

Unpretentious self-fertile variety Conference has high technical characteristics, blooms at the same time as the Talgar Beauty. Good pollinators for Almaatinka are Favorite Kappa and Kucheryanka.

Tree height

Pear, which has a wide crown with hanging branches, belongs to medium-sized varieties of culture. Despite the fact that the height of the tree barely reaches 3 meters, it pleases with a stable good harvest.

Lifespan

Like any other fruit crop, the Talgar Beauty must be looked after - timely cut, remove dried branches, water in the heat, prevent the development of diseases and the invasion of pests. And then the tree will live not 10, but about 30 years, it will delight with an abundance of large and sweet pears.

Winter hardiness

Talgar Beauty departs after frosts from 25 to 30 ° C, but if they do not last for a long time. The pear is grown in the southern regions, it bears fruit in the Moscow region.

Yields

Talgar Beauty is cultivated on an industrial basis, up to 20 tons of fruits are harvested annually from 1 ha, up to 6 buckets of pears ripen on one medium-sized tree.

Cyclical fruiting

Talgar Beauty awards fruits every autumn, provided that at least one pollinator grows nearby. The first pears appear on the annular branches of a seedling aged 4 or 5 years, and with each season their number increases. And only from the 20th, there is sometimes a cyclical fruiting, but with good care, prevention of diseases and pests on an adult tree, fruits are tied and ripen every autumn.

Self-fertility

Talgar Beauty blooms profusely in spring, but in order to get a high yield, you need to plant other trees of this crop next to it, which act as a pollinator. The pear variety bred at the Kazakh Research Institute is self-fertile.

Disease resistance

Talgar Beauty has good immunity. The tree is rarely affected by bacteria and fungi, practically does not suffer from scab. The need to spray the plant with insecticides against pests occurs infrequently.

Advantages and disadvantages of pear Talgar Beauty

Autumn ripening variety, bred in Kazakhstan, adopted the best technical characteristics from its closest relatives.

Its benefits include:

• excellent yield;
• drought and frost resistant;
• have immunity to scab;
• regular fruiting.

Pears have a pleasant taste, do not deteriorate for a long time, do not lose their presentation when transported over long distances.

The disadvantages of the variety include the need to place a pollinator. When overripe, the pulp of the fruit becomes brown.

Methods of reproduction

You can breed a pear in the country by the vegetative method - by buds, air layers, seeds. But with the latter option, seedlings develop poorly, it is difficult to get a good harvest.

Shanks

Many gardeners for breeding Talgar Beauty harvest green branches, process them in a growth stimulator solution. When the roots form, the shoots are planted in the ground. In mid-latitudes, pear cuttings are harvested in summer from he althy and fruit-bearing trees.

Air layering

With this method of reproduction in a young plant, the lower branch is bent down, sprinkled with soil. Since the shoots of the Talgar Beauty are located high, a bag with soil is attached to the process. Air layers are nurtured for 2 years, although the roots appear in the first season, but they are still too weak, require regular watering, mulching, sheltering for the winter.

How to plant a plant?

In order for the pear to quickly take root and develop well, you need to follow the basic requirements, be sure to decide on the optimal place where it will grow.

How to choose a seedling

Tree Talgar Beauty is better to buy in the nursery. The thickness of the bole should be about 1 cm. Pears aged 1 or 2 years old, from 1.2 to one and a half meters in height, take root well. No need to buy a plant whose roots are covered with growths and the bark is wrinkled.

Choosing a place and time for landing

Talgarskaya Beauty loves loamy soils, takes root well on sandy loamy soil with neutral or low acidity. Peatlands are not suitable for growing pears, areas where groundwater is located closer than 2 meters from the surface. Fruit crops need plenty of sun.

In mid-latitudes, pear can be planted in April and September so that it has time to strengthen before winter. In the southern regions, hot and dry weather begins early, the best time for such work is October.

Digging a landing hole

Having picked up a plot for a pear, you need to prepare a hole a meter wide to a depth of 50 cm. The soil is removed in layers and fertilizer is applied. Top fertile soil should be mixed with compost, sand, add superphosphate and potassium s alt.

Dig a hole 3 weeks before the intended placement of the plant, loosen it well, make notches on the sides. This promotes better air flow. Pebbles and brick chips are poured into the bottom of the hole, creating a drainage layer.

Pear planting technology

Before the procedure, the roots of the tree are soaked in water, and then dipped in a clay mash for several minutes, dry shoots are cut off using a pruner. Landing is carried out in several stages:

1. A wooden peg is hammered into the pit, approximately 10-15 cm from its middle.
2. A fertile layer of earth is poured into the bottom.
3. The pear is placed in the hole, leaving the root collar 30 mm above the surface.
4. Pour the soil, making sure that no voids appear.

The soil after planting must be carefully compacted, a trench is dug around the seedling and 3 buckets of water are poured out, covered with humus or peat. The tree is tied to a support.

Caring for the Talgar Beauty

In order for a pear to take root well and please with fruits, after planting, you need to take care of it - cut it off in a timely manner, carry out disease prevention, do not forget about top dressing.

Irrigation intensity

In order for the seedling to receive the necessary amount of moisture, grooves are dug around it, through which water will be supplied. After watering, they are covered with mulch. The soil must be moistened to a depth of half a meter. You can also install a system with rotating nozzles.An adult Talgar Beauty must be watered when she fades and at the end of autumn.

Feeding

After planting, the tree has enough nutrients. The next year, mineral complexes are already being introduced into the holes, once every three years the pear is fertilized with organic matter. After flowering, the Talgar Beauty is sprayed with a solution prepared from 20 g of carbamide and a bucket of water.

Cutoffs

In order for the pear to grow and develop well, starting from the age of two, shoots that go inside the trunk are removed, dried and diseased branches are removed.

Crown formation

To regulate the strength of growth, speed up the fruiting period of the crop, they resort to several types of pruning of young plants, old trees are rejuvenated. The crown is formed in the early years of a pear's life from the central trunk, 6 shoots of the first order, 8 - of the second and fruit branches.In the southern regions, a round type of crown is common, in other regions it is sparse-tiered.

Regulatory

This type of pruning is performed in order to prevent wood overload, eliminate pear thickening, and improve light conditions. It begins with the removal of dried and damaged branches. In young neglected trees, the crown is thinned out; in adult plants, shoots that have gone beyond it are shortened.

Supportive

So that the Talgar Beauty is not overloaded with fruits, does not bend to the ground, large branches are regularly cut. This procedure helps to keep the pear in good condition for a long time.

Sanitary

Every year, gardeners and summer residents remove dry shoots affected by pests and diseases. Control pruning allows you to accelerate the growth and development of the tree, improve its yield. Old pears can also be reanimated.

Pruning rules

Knowledgeable gardeners do not recommend forming a crown, shortening shoots in the fall so that the Targar Beauty does not freeze. The procedure should be started in early spring, when the thermometer leaves + 4 ° C behind, it is necessary to finish the work before the buds open. You can’t cut pear branches in the summer, it will weaken, and its life cycle will be disrupted.

Preparing for winter

Although the Talgar Beauty withstands frost, the trunk and skeletal shoots of a young tree are wrapped with breathable material. The roots are covered with needles, peat or compost with a layer of at least 15 cm. An adult pear is removed from dried branches for the winter and the trunk is whitened.

Diseases and pests

Talgar Beauty does not suffer from scab, has good immunity to bacterial infection. However, the lack of proper tree care, rainy and damp weather provoke the activation of fungi and viruses.

Characteristic diseases of pear

Most often, the Talgar Beauty is affected by cytosporosis, when the bark dries up, and rust, which begins with the appearance of red spots.

To prevent the occurrence of diseases:

1. Collect and burn fallen leaves and mummified fruits.
2. When digging, the earth is treated with fungal preparations.
3. Slices are smeared with garden pitch.
4. Twice during the growing season, pears are sprayed with Bordeaux liquid, and in early spring with Nitrafen.

When signs of cytosporosis appear, infected areas are cut off to he althy tissues. All dry branches are removed.

Insect pests and their control

Seeds of the Talgar Beauty attracts pear codling to get to the bones, the larva gnaws through the passages, and the fruits quickly deteriorate.During the summer of butterflies, hunting belts are put on the tree. For the winter, they carefully dig up the ground in the near-trunk circle, spray the pear after the flowers fall with Agravertin.

Tube-roller infects the leaves of the plant, laying eggs in them. You can cope with it by treating trees with Aktara, Decisa, Calypso solutions.

Maturity and Harvest

Pear of Kazakh selection belongs to the late varieties of culture. The fruits ripen in September. They are torn off with their hands in a slightly unripe form, taken to the cellar or basement, put in boxes. Fruits do not spoil until the New Year, they lie until February.

To which regions the variety is more adapted

Although the Talgar Beauty can withstand frost, it is best adapted to the climate of the southern regions. On an industrial basis, the variety is cultivated in the Stavropol Territory, Krasnodar Territory. They grow a pear in the Central Black Earth region, in the north it does not take root, just like in Siberia.

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