Pear Forest beauty: variety description and characteristics, cultivation and care

The forest beauty pear has been grown for more than one century. The first seedlings were discovered in a Belgian forest in 1810. The autumn variety is frost-resistant, bears fruit abundantly, its genetic properties are used to obtain new promising forms. In Russia, the Forest Beauty can be found in amateur gardens of the Lower Volga, Urals, Trans-Urals, Siberia.

Description and characteristics of the variety

Dessert variety, fruits are not large, egg-shaped. Only single specimens weigh 250-300 g. The mass of most fruits does not exceed 120-150 g. They are covered with a rough, durable skin - first green-yellow, then golden-yellow.Ripe pears are painted with a bright blush. Brown spots and dots of gray on the skin are a varietal feature. The fruiting period depends on the climatic zone. It falls on the second half of August - the first half of September.

The taste of the juicy fruits of the Forest Beauty is wine-sweet. They do not lie for a long time, so they are used as raw materials for homemade preparations. Fragrant pears are used to make delicious preserves, jams, compotes are rolled up, they are dried.

Pollinator varieties

There is no point in planting one pear in the garden Forest Beauty. Without external pollinators, the yield will be small. Varieties suitable for this purpose:

• Lemon;
• Williams;
• Mecheln.

Tree height

Medium tree species. By the end of the 10th year of life, the pear reaches a height of 5 meters. The crown is wide, pyramidal. It is formed by straight, thick, slightly curved dark red branches. Leafy crown is medium. The edge of the leaves with serrations (small-crested, finely serrated).

Lifespan

Trees of the Forest Beauty variety are distinguished by great vitality. The variety is old, so pear specimens have been recorded that have lived to be 100-150 years old.

Winter hardiness

The variety is winter-hardy, tolerates short-term temperature drops to -50 °С. The minimum threshold is indicated for mature fruit-bearing trees. The aerial part of young pears may freeze slightly.

Yields

Productive variety, fruits from 100 to 200 kg are harvested from one tree. The volume is affected by the weather. Productivity falls in hot, dry years, grows if the summer is moderately warm, humid. Fruiting cycle The forest beauty blooms and bears fruit every year.

Self-fertility

The Forest Beauty variety is characterized by partial self-fertility. To get stable yields, pollinating pears are planted in the garden, blooming at the same time.

Disease resistance

Fruits and leaves suffer from scab. Variety Forest beauty is not resistant to the fungus Venturia pirina.

Pros and cons

Pear forest beauty fell in love with gardeners for productivity, tasty fruits, unpretentiousness, quick adaptation to weather conditions, undemanding soil composition, consistently high yields.

The variety has disadvantages. They must be taken into account before purchasing a seedling of the Forest Beauty:

• short crop storage period;
• fruit shedding;
• susceptibility to the scab pathogen.

How to grow a Forest beauty?

There are no problems with growing. The result when planting a he althy seedling is always positive. Gardeners choose the Forest Beauty variety for good reason. With proper planting and proper care, a fruit tree bears fruit for at least 50 years.

When is the best time to plant a pear?

Seedlings of this variety take root better when planted in the spring. Suitable time for it is from April 10-15 to May 10. In regions with a long, warm autumn, the Forest Beauty is planted in October.

Choosing a planting site and soil preparation

Suitable well-lit areas behind the wind. The close occurrence of groundwater is undesirable. The tree will not fully develop. The soil should be light, well conducting water and air.

The soil for filling the planting pit is prepared as follows:

• fertile garden soil is mixed in equal proportions with humus, sand is added to clay soil;
• apply long-term fertilizers (superphosphate 250 g, potassium sulfate 120 g) to the soil mixture.

Seedling planting process

The pit is dug a week before the planned landing. Its dimensions are: width - 0.7 m, depth - 1 m. For the first time, the seedling needs support. A stake 1.5-2 m high is driven into the center of the prepared pit. A hill of fertile soil mixture is poured around it. The seedling is placed on the south side of the support, the roots are covered without deepening the root neck. It should eventually be 5-7 cm above the ground. The pear is watered abundantly. The trunk circle is mulched with humus.

When landing, adhere to the following schemes:

• seedlings on tall grafts are planted at intervals of 4 x 6 m;
• trees on dwarf scion - 3 x 5 m.

Tree care measures

Events for the care of the Forest Beauty come down to watering, fertilizing, working with the crown. Supports are placed under the branches during the fruiting period. They, despite their strength, can break under the weight of the crop.

How to water properly?

The one-year-old Forest Beauty pear is watered once a week. She needs 10 liters of water. As you grow, the cost increases. For 1 m² of water crowns, 2 buckets are already consumed. The frequency of procedures is reduced to 1 time in 10 days.

Mature fruit-bearing trees are watered three times:

• before buds open;
• during the release of the excess ovary;
• when pouring fruit.

In August, pear irrigation is not required. The last watering of the season (water-charging) is carried out in October. It requires a large amount of water. About 80 liters are spent on 1 adult pear.

Feeding rates

Up to 3 years, the pear receives nutrients from the soil mixture laid in the hole when planting. A mature fruit tree is fed with organic matter and mineral fertilizers:

• every year if the soil is sandy;
• in a year, if the soil is black soil or loam.

Slurry (1:10)1 bucketAutumn after leaf fallAsh650g Urea Superphosphate Potassium nitrate 20g

Apply time	Fertilizer	Normal per m²
Spring (March to April)	Manure	Mulch the trunk circle
	15g
	50g

The subtleties of crown molding

The first tier of the crown is laid in the first year. Leave 3 skeletal branches. Shorten them by ⅓ length. The top of the central conductor is cut off by 15-20 cm. In the 2nd year, they are engaged in the formation of the 1st tier. Short side shoots.

The next 2 years form the 3rd and 4th tier of the crown. In the future, they are annually engaged in sanitary pruning, rejuvenation is carried out when the yield drops, the growth of new shoots stops.

Preparing for winter

The first 2-3 years, a young tree is insulated for the winter. The trunk is covered with spruce branches, straw or wrapped with lutrasil. Fix the warming layer with twine.

Preparation for wintering of adult plants is standard:

• autumn top dressing with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers;
• protective watering on the eve of the first frosts;
• mulching the trunk circle with a mixture of dry pine sawdust and humus.

During the summer, the leaves of the Forest Beauty are sprayed with ash infusion: 10 liters of water, 2 tbsp. sifted ash.

Disease and pest control

The main threat is scab, but other diseases (rust, powdery mildew) are not excluded. The cause of fungal diseases is damp weather (rain, cold dew, fog).

Timely preventive measures are the best remedy for infection.

List of preventive maintenance:

• loosening the trunk circle;
• sanitary and forming crown pruning of the Forest Beauty;
• utilization of fallen leaves;
• treatment with chemicals.

Scab0.5% copper oxychlorideWhen buds open, by end of bloom Powdery mildew 1% DNOCBefore bud break1% sulfur solutionWhen buds openRust "Kuprosil"Before floweringAfter flowering2 weeks after harvest

Disease	Drug	Period

From insect pests (psyllium, fruit mites) Forest beauty is treated with drugs:

• Fufanon;
• Fitoverm;
• Nissoran.

Harvesting and storage of crops

Green fruit must be harvested. When fully ripe, they fall off. The time of harvesting the first harvest has to wait 6-7 years. Earlier, pears grafted onto dwarf stocks of quince, shadberry, mountain ash begin to bear fruit 2-3 years earlier.

The harvest is stored no more than 2, maximum 3 weeks The term is given for rooms with a temperature of about 0 °C. Pears must be laid up with their stalks, each layer should be shifted with paper. The variety has not lost popularity for over 200 years. He owes this to his virtues: unpretentiousness, frost resistance, good immunity, wonderful fruits. It is very convenient to have a long-lived tree in the garden.

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