Pear Bryansk beauty: variety description and characteristics, planting and care

Among all varieties of pears, the Bryansk beauty occupies a special place. It belongs to the elite, and not only because of the taste. Other advantages include a beautiful bright scarlet color of the fruit, making the pear suitable for decorating the garden, as well as frost resistance and a bountiful harvest. The tree is unpretentious, suitable for growing even in the Urals. Therefore, it will be of interest to many gardeners.

History of pear variety Bryansk Beauty

This species got its name thanks to the place where it was bred, that is, the Bryansk region. It was there, in the Kokinsky stronghold of the VSTIS, A. Vysotsky and N. Rozhnov were working on crossing two varieties:

• New Year's;
• Williams red (gives the fruit a scarlet tint).

Initially, the variety was intended for the black earth regions, but due to frost resistance and other qualities, it has become popular in other places. Now it can be found in Central Russia and even in the Urals. Although the Bryansk beauty has existed for many years, it was only entered into the State Register in 2010, after numerous checks

Description and characteristics of the variety

Usually this variety is characterized by trees of medium height. They look good in the garden, because the young leaves, before the formation of the apical bud, have a beautiful bright burgundy color. Later they turn green. However, the central shoots and trunk remain brown, with a reddish tint. Young branches are burgundy at first.

Fruits have the following characteristics:

• large size;
• correct pear shape, slightly elongated;
• the skin is dense, smooth;
• mature pears are yellowish in color with a dark red spot;
• pulp is creamy, with a slight aroma;
• taste sweet, delicate, slightly sour.

The Bryansk beauty blooms late - in mid-May. Thanks to this, it is not affected by spring frosts. However, this is an early autumn variety - it bears fruit in mid-September.

Main advantages and disadvantages

Like other elite varieties, Bryansk beauty has a number of advantages:

• gives a harvest already 3 years after planting, after 6 - fruiting reaches a maximum;
• hardy;
• resistant to scab, aphids and fungal diseases;
• pleasant taste of pears;
• high decorative qualities;
• no need to plant pollinators nearby.

There are, in fact, only two disadvantages of the variety:

1. Yields may be irregular when self-pollinated.
2. Poorly tolerates drought, because of this, the fruits lose their taste.

In general, the cons of the variety do not play a big role, so the Bryansk Beauty is suitable for different gardens. She is unpretentious, but at the same time she fully pays for all the care.

Crop specifics

Despite the high resistance of the variety to many factors, there are several features that are important to consider when planting. Also, not every seedling will do.

Place and time of boarding

The best time to plant pears is early spring, before the buds open. Even if you bought seedlings in the fall, you can only dig them in, but it is better to wait with the transfer to a permanent place. The place for the Bryansk beauty is chosen taking into account the following requirements:

1. Plenty of light as southern culture needs it to store sugars.
2. Aquifer no closer than 2.5 meters, otherwise the roots will rot.
3. Soil - fertile, light, breathable, slightly acidic or neutral.

Although the variety is undemanding to pollinators, but the presence of suitable trees will allow you to get constant and rich harvests. The main thing is that they grow simultaneously with the Bryansk beauty. Ideal options are Moskvichka and Lada Amurskaya.

Selection of seedlings

When choosing planting material, pay attention to the appearance of the seedling and some other features:

• age - no more than two years;
• well developed, he althy root system 30 centimeters long or more;
• plant height - up to 70 centimeters;
• no signs of disease or injury.

Such a seedling will take root well in a new place and will soon give the first harvest.

Correct fit

Before planting, it is important to prepare a seedling and a place for it. To do this, hold the pear roots for about 40 minutes in Kornevin's solution. Then they dig a hole measuring 75x100 centimeters, and a mixture is made from the removed layer, adding organic matter and 120 grams of superphosphate and potassium each.

The landing itself is as follows:

1. Dig in a stake 15 centimeters from the center of the hole.
2. Pour part of the soil mixture into a slide.
3. Place the seedling in the hole, distributing the roots along the bottom of the hole. If there is an earth ball, save it.
4. Put the rest of the soil on top.
5. Tie the seedling to the stake, then tamp down the soil and water.

If you plant the Bryansk beauty in the spring, then it must be shortened, then the plant will give more side shoots.

Features of tree care

To get a rich harvest and maintain the he alth of a pear, you need to remember some rules for caring for it.

Water and loosening

Lack of moisture greatly harms the variety. Because of this, young shoots grow poorly, ovaries do not form, the harvest is not so plentiful, and the fruits lose their taste. Especially drought affects young trees. Adult pears require more water during flowering, but at other times the soil should not be allowed to dry out either. After watering, the soil around is loosened and mulched with straw or humus.

Fertilizers

If you properly prepare the soil for planting, then top dressing is not needed in the first three years. On the fourth, before bud break, add urea or s altpeter in the spring, and organic fertilizers, phosphorus and potassium in the fall. The most fertilizing is required during the period when the pear gives the most part of the crop:

• fertilize with urea before flowering under the crown;
• after the tree has faded, use Kafor K;
• after part of the ovaries fall off - ash or phosphorus;
• when the fruits ripen, spray the tree with magnesium sulfate;
• after the leaves fall in winter, use complex fertilizer or organic matter.

If the soil is acidic, it should also be fertilized with dolomite flour every five years.

Cutting

The first pruning is carried out immediately after planting, while the seedling is shortened to 65 centimeters. Then every April it is necessary to remove all damaged, diseased and dried branches, as well as those that thicken the crown.

Whitewash

Washing helps rid the tree of fungal spores and pests. Another purpose is to protect against sunburn. You need to whitewash both in spring and autumn, and before the growing season, the tree is first cleaned of moss and old bark.

Preparing for winter

The minimum temperature at which a tree can survive is -28 degrees. But still it should be mulched with peat, needles or straw. Before this, abundant watering is required. Cover young trees with canvas or agrofibre.

Diseases, pests, prevention

Despite the resistance of the Bryansk beauty to many pests, she also needs prevention.

Scab

Appears in cold climates with high humidity. For prevention, treat the pear with copper sulfate before flowering. After fruit set, one more treatment is needed with a tool such as Gamair.

Powdery mildew

This disease can be recognized by a white coating that turns brown and then turns into black spots. Against powdery mildew, use Topaz or Spore. After harvesting, the tree must be treated with a one percent solution of Bordeaux liquid, and all foliage should be burned.

Leaflet

The caterpillars of the leafworm settle in the kidneys. Therefore, it is necessary to pre-treat all pears with Karbofos in a ratio of 30 grams per 10 liters of water. They also use tincture of tobacco, tobacco dust or shag.

Pear codling moth

Codling moth caterpillars, after hatching from clutches, gnaw passages in fruits and feed on seeds. A decoction of wormwood helps against them:

1. 0.8 kilograms of dry grass should be infused for several hours in 10 liters of water.
2. Boil the infusion for half an hour.
3. Filter and add the same amount of water.

Trees are treated with this solution several times before flowering.

Collecting and storing pear harvest Bryansk beauty

The fruits of the Bryansk beauty are harvested in the first two weeks of September. Ripe pears have a yellow color, and a red spot takes up most of the skin. Once harvested, they keep for two weeks, and in a cold room for two months, especially if placed there immediately.

For better storage, pears are placed in two layers in cardboard boxes with film or sheets of paper at the bottom. From above they are also covered with a film.

Bryansk beauty variety is a good option for the garden. Although this is a southern variety, it will be suitable for many regions due to its frost resistance. In addition, pears can be used not only fresh - they are suitable for many dishes.

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