Wheat cultivar Licamero: characteristics of the spring species, cultivation rules

The characteristics of Licamero wheat make it attractive for farmers to grow. The mid-season variety is included in the State Register and is intended for cultivation in the North-West region, Central Black Earth and Central. Consider the description and characteristics of this wheat variety, advantages and disadvantages. How to grow it properly, care for plants, protect against diseases and pests, harvest and store crops.

Description and characteristics of wheat

Pedigree of spring variety Licamero: (Hanno х Devon) x (STRU689 х Quattro). Wheat is medium-sized, semi-erect.The ear is pyramidal, medium dense, white. Caryopsis dyed, the weight of a thousand grains is 33-44 g. The average yield is 29.7 - 41.0 centners / ha, the maximum is 73.4 centners / ha. The growing season lasts 72-97 days.

Licamero wheat is resistant to lodging, moderately resistant to drought. Weakly affected by brown rust, powdery mildew, root rot. Flour quality is good.

Good and bad sides

The positive aspects of the variety include:

rapid development of plants in the initial stages of growth;
a large percentage of protein in the grain;
resistance to ear fusarium and septoria;
a large number of grains in an ear and a mass of a thousand seeds;
tolerates frost, can be sown early.

Disadvantages: slightly, but affected by fungal diseases (powdery mildew, leaf rust, root rot).

How to grow Licamero

The predecessors of the Licamero variety are winter fallow crops, weed-free tilled crops (green corn, sugar beet, gourds, potatoes), peas, perennial grasses and cereal-bean mixtures. It is not recommended to choose crops that dry out the soil as predecessors: sorghum, early spring, sugar beet, alfalfa, Sudanese, sunflower.

Wheat is demanding on nutrition and, in particular, on nitrogen fertilizers. Mineral fertilizers and organics are applied under plowing, under pre-sowing cultivation - mineral. In forest-steppe conditions, the cost of nutrients for the formation of 1 ton of grain is NPK - 40-62 kg, including nitrogen - 29 kg, phosphorus - 10 kg and potassium - 12 kg. The payback of 1 kg of fertilizer was 5.8 kg of grain.

To get high-quality grain, root fertilizing with nitrogen should be carried out in the amount of 30 kg per hectare on wet soil. Or carry out top dressing on a sheet of 15-20% urea.

When growing Licamero wheat in a region with unstable and insufficient moisture, it is necessary to carry out field work in a timely manner in order to accumulate and rationally use soil moisture. If the predecessors of wheat were peas or early cereals, and the field has dry soil, then discs are used to retain moisture and kill weeds;

If root weeds predominate on the site, it is necessary to carry out at least 2 tillage, the first - to a depth of 10-12 cm, the second - after 2-3 weeks. Annual weeds are removed with discs. In the spring, after the soil has matured, it is necessary to carry out standard processing - harrowing and pre-sowing cultivation.

Sowing rate of seeds per sq. m with early sowing 450-500 pcs., with late sowing - up to 550 pcs. Before sowing, grain dressing and drying should be carried out, it is necessary to limit the spread of fungal diseases, the pathogens of which can be on the surface of the grain and in the soil layer.

Rules of care

The harvest of Licamero wheat must not be late. Spring varieties accumulate dry matter while the grain is pouring, the transition from doughy to waxy ripeness is fast. Given this feature, wheat harvesting should be carried out very quickly so that the plants do not stop growing. Perennial grain "drains", the dry matter content decreases, the quality and germination of seeds deteriorate.

Diseases and pests

Wheat weeds are removed with herbicides, treatment is carried out from the tillering phase to the flag leaf phase. Due to weak tillering, herbicide treatments are mandatory.

Licamero wheat is protected in different stages of growth:

first 2-3 leaves - treat plants from grass flies, stem fleas, bread fleas;
tillering - treat wheat against bug bugs and aphids;
booting - sprayed against bedbugs, root rot, rust;
phase of formation of the last leaf-heading - complex treatment against diseases;
flowering and waxy - treatment against thrips, bedbugs, bread bugs and aphids.

Harvesting and storage

When uneven ripening of the ears, wheat is harvested in the phase of the beginning of wax ripeness. The plants have already turned yellow at this time, but the ears still remain partially greenish. The grain has a moisture content of 30-35% and accumulates the maximum amount of nutrients.

The plants are mowed down and formed into rolls, in which the grain ripens within 3-5 days. Its humidity drops to 17-18%, then the windrows are harvested by combines. If the ears have ripened evenly, Licamero wheat is harvested immediately from the fields by combines.

Before being placed in storage, wheat grain is dried until a moisture content of 10-12% is reached, the storage is disinfected before laying the crop there. During storage, it is necessary to control the humidity, air exchange, and the temperature in the room. Humidity and temperature above 10-12 ºС lead to intensive reproduction of bacteria, fungi, harmful insects.The same conditions lead to the fact that the grain germinates. The shelf life of Licamero grain can reach 3-5 years, for sowing - no more than 14 months.

Wheat of the Licamero variety has excellent characteristics, yield and productive qualities. It is grown, harvested and stored according to standard technology.