How to plant a pine: rules and subsequent care on the site, what kind of soil does he like

Pine is an evergreen tree that is often grown in suburban areas. This plant is used to decorate gardens, making it part of landscape compositions. Pine trees perfectly purify the air, filling it with biological substances valuable for people. However, not every novice gardener knows how to plant a pine tree. In order for the plant to adapt to new conditions, it is important to follow a number of rules.

Which variety to choose

Nurseries now offer gardeners many different types of pines to plant. Plants differ in the color of the needles, the length of the needles and the height of the tree. They can have a rich green or golden color. The shape of the crown also varies.

There are several types of pines that are suitable for growing in the garden. The most popular varieties include:

1. Scotch pine - suitable for planting in the middle lane. The tree can reach a height of 50 meters. This species is resistant to frost and is not too picky about the composition of the soil. It is characterized by small cones and long needles.
2. Weymouth Pine - is a fairly large plant, the height of which exceeds 30 meters. Culture can be planted in the south. It is able to withstand temperatures down to -20 degrees. The plant develops normally in poor soil, but it is best to plant it in a sufficiently moist, drained substrate. Young trees need to be systematically moistened.
3. Siberian cedar pine - this tree grows up to 35-45 meters. Its life expectancy exceeds 500 years. The plant is characterized by a fairly dense crown with many peaks.This variety is characterized by short needles and large egg-shaped cones. Under natural conditions, culture is found in large areas - from the Urals to Siberia. The variety is resistant to frost and perfectly adapted to harsh climatic conditions.
4. Rumeli Pine - is an evergreen coniferous culture, which is distinguished by a cone-shaped crown. The tree has become widespread in the mountainous regions of Europe. It is often used to decorate park areas. This variety requires a fairly warm climate.
5. Dwarf pine - has a compact size that allows you to actively use the tree in landscape design. In appearance, the plant resembles a dense shrub that has a spherical shape. This variety is characterized by dark green needles and single buds.

Right time to land

Ephedra are recommended to be planted in early spring or autumn.They are at their best during these times of the year. If you place a seedling in the ground before frost, it will not have time to adapt to new conditions, which will lead to the death of the tree with the onset of cold weather. Sometimes seedlings are moved into the ground during the dormant period, which is observed in winter. However, in this case, special equipment is required.

Planting instructions

Most pines are very hardy plants. They develop in conditions of low humidity and are characterized by resistance to all kinds of pollution. For proper planting of the crop, it is important to give preference to a site without stagnant rainwater.

Unlike other conifers, pine loves well-lit areas. When planting a tree in the shade, it will turn out crooked or one-sided.

How to choose a seedling

First you need to choose the right planting material. Pine seedlings are sold in specialized nurseries. To get a quality crop, it is important to consider a number of rules.

Planting material must have closed roots. These plants are sold in containers. The advantage of such seedlings are well-developed roots and a solid earthen ball. In addition, valuable microorganisms live in the rhizomes of such plants, which are useful for the subsequent development of the tree.

It is not recommended to purchase seedlings with roots wrapped in film. Such material does not contain beneficial bacteria, as they die in the open air within 20 minutes. For the same reason, it is important to quickly transfer the seedling from the container to the soil. Pines with an open root system can also be planted in the soil. However, they take root much worse.

When buying material for planting, it is not necessary to opt for very large seedlings. They are quite expensive, but have problems with survival. It is best to buy plants that are 4-5 years old.

Can seeds be used

It is quite possible to use seeds for growing pine in the country. This requires collecting ripening green cones. After that, it is recommended to dry them near a heat source.

After collecting the cones, you need to pull out the seeds from them. In nurseries, this process is carried out in special separators. At home, it is enough to spread the cones in a dry and warm place and cover with paper. After a while, the seeds will begin to spill out.

To achieve more friendly shoots, a stratification procedure is carried out. To do this, you need to hold the seeds in a moist substrate at a temperature of +5 degrees for several months. Such conditions are observed in the autumn-winter period.

The seeds should be planted when they themselves come out of the cones. Fresh nuts have good germination. When collecting cones in winter, they can be sown immediately in pots or left in a dry and warm place. In the second case, planting material should be planted in open soil in spring.

When stored in a dry place, seeds remain viable for 2-3 years. Under adverse conditions, nuts germinate slowly and unfriendly.

Preparing the landing site

In order for the culture to take root better, it must be treated with a root formation stimulator before planting. Then you need to start preparing the site for planting.

After choosing a place, you can start digging a hole. It is important that it is twice the size of the container with the seedling. A suitable option would be the shape of a truncated cone. Thanks to this, it will be possible to add a nutrient substrate to the bottom or walls of the recess or place a drainage layer there.

To plant a pine at the bottom of the pit, drainage is required. The thickness of this layer should be 6 centimeters. For this purpose, it is permissible to use crushed brick or expanded clay.From above it is required to place soil mixed with turf and sand. Also, 1 small spoonful of nitroammophoska is added to the ground.

In acidic soil, it is recommended to add an additional 200 grams of slaked lime. One part of the substrate must be poured into the recess, and the second must be left on the surface. At the time of transplanting the culture, the remaining voids must be filled with this mixture.

Step by step guide

In order for the planting of pine seedlings to be successful, a number of rules and recommendations must be followed. First, you should choose a place for planting and establish the type of soil on the site. A few weeks before the manipulation, it is recommended to prepare a recess. Then you can start landing.

To do this, place the seedling in a hole and carefully spread the root system over the surface of the earthy coma. Dry and rotten roots should be removed. After planting the tree, the recess must be sprinkled with the remains of the substrate.It is important to ensure that the root neck is located above the ground. Then the seedling needs to be watered with warm water. After some time, the soil will settle. This will straighten the tree.

In order for the seedling to quickly adapt to new conditions, it is important to water it abundantly during the first day after transplantation. At the same time, at least 2-3 buckets of water are required for 1 plant. At the next stage, the soil must be mulched, and the seedling must be shaded.

Shading the culture is especially important during spring planting. If this is not done, there is a risk of severe burns. When planting a pine in the autumn, it needs to be tied up. This procedure is very important when growing crops in cool climates.

When planting several pine trees, it is important to keep track of the distance between them. Large crops are recommended to be located at least 4 meters apart. Low-growing varieties are placed at intervals of 1.5 meters.

Caring for a growing tree

Caring for pines is easy enough. Young trees need to be pruned and fed regularly. If we talk about watering, then many varieties do not need it. Pine litter helps retain moisture. The only exception is the Rumelian variety. This tree is considered very moisture-loving. Therefore, it needs to be watered 2-3 times per season. At the same time, it is recommended to use 15-20 liters of water for 1 plant.

Young trees need to be moistened in autumn. Wet soil practically does not freeze through. In addition, this procedure helps to avoid burning out needles in the spring. Pine trees perfectly perceive crown sprinkling. This procedure is recommended to be carried out every day. The best time to do this is after sunset.

In the first few years after planting, pine needs to be fed. To improve the development of the plant, it is recommended to add mineral preparations to the near-stem circle.After 3 years, the pine will have enough organic top dressings that accumulate in the litter. Dwarf varieties do not require top dressing at all.

In the first year after planting, the crop needs to be insulated. To do this, it is recommended to make a frame, and on top - stretch the fabric. Trees that have a spreading crown need to be tied to pegs. Thanks to this, their shoots will not break under the weight of snow.

To keep moisture in the soil and maintain its normal temperature, mulching is required. For this, it is recommended to use humus. The thickness of the mulching layer should be 10 centimeters. In the northern regions, it is required to place spruce branches on top of the mulch. This prevents the top layer from being blown away by the wind.

One year after planting, formative pruning of pine seedlings is required. In this case, young sprouts are recommended to be shortened or completely cut off. This helps keep the plant compact.Sanitary pruning should be carried out in the spring. This is done when necessary.

Equally important is the protection of pine from pests. The needles of the plant can suffer from root bugs, pine silkworms, red pine sawflies and other parasites. When attacked by harmful insects, there is a risk of deterioration in the appearance of the needles and the condition of the tree. When yellowing, twisting, shortening the needles, it is required to treat the plantings with insecticides.

Pine planting has certain features. To achieve good results in growing this crop, it is important to choose the right seedling and follow the recommendations of experienced gardeners.

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