Rosehip: when it blooms, in what month, popular varieties and how to grow

Rosehip is a fairly common plant that is found everywhere. It can be seen in forests, ravines, floodplains. The culture is valued for its high content of vitamin C. That is why its fruits are widely used in folk medicine. In gardens, this plant is relatively rare. But lately it has become more and more popular. Therefore, summer residents are often interested in when the wild rose blooms and in what month it happens.

Description

Rosehip is a genus of plants from the Rosaceae family, which is often called the wild rose. In total, more than 300 species of this crop and several thousand of its varieties are known. However, the wild rose of May has received the greatest distribution.

This culture is a deciduous shrub that is distinguished by straight, creeping or climbing stems. Their height can vary from 15 centimeters to 10 meters. However, the average parameters are 2-3 meters. The life cycle of a plant reaches 30-50 years.

The shrub is distinguished by its tap root system, which goes into the ground to a depth of 5 meters and spreads in different directions by 60-80 centimeters. Some varieties have underground shoots that go outside. At the same time, part of the rhizomes is separated from the mother culture.

Numerous young shoots cover soft and thin thorns. The following year, the spines become stiffer. The branches themselves differ in different shades - from green to dark red. They are covered with felt fluff. In some varieties, thorns are present on aerial roots, pedicels and generative shoots.

Expert opinionZarechny Maxim ValerievichAgronomist with 12 years of experience. Our best gardening expert.Ask a QuestionRosehip has small reddish buds. They may be bare or hairy. The leaves reach 4-12 centimeters in length, and 1-1.5 in width. Their shape is different - round or elliptical. The color of the foliage can also be different - green, grayish or red. The plates are distinguished by a smooth or wrinkled surface. The appearance of the leaves is largely influenced by external conditions.

Rosehip bloom lasts from May to June and takes about 20 days. In many species, the buds open early in the morning, and close by night. This plant has the correct flower formula. They include 5 sepals, 5 petals and many pistils with stamens. The diameter of the flowers can be 1.5-10 centimeters. They form corymbose or paniculate inflorescences. Most of the varieties have a sweetish aroma. However, there is also a fetid wild rose, exuding an unpleasant odor.

Fruit ripening is observed only in plants older than 2-3 years. This stage usually lasts from August to September. Ripe fruits reach a diameter of 1-1.5 centimeters and acquire a red, black or orange hue. Rose hips can also be covered with thorns or bristles.

Popular varieties

Today, a large number of varieties of this plant from the Rosaceae family are known. The most popular are:

1. Vitamin - obtained at the All-Russian Research Institute of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants. The culture is distinguished by large fruits, which include a lot of vitamin C. Up to 2.5 kilograms of berries can be obtained from 1 bush. At the same time, there are no spines in the fruit location area. This makes harvesting easier. The fruits are large and reach 4 grams in weight. They form brushes.
2. Xanthina is one of the most decorative varieties of wild rose, which has an unusual color.The height of the culture reaches 2.5 meters. The flowers are large and grow up to 5 centimeters in diameter. They are semi-double. Flowering occurs in May-June. Scarlet fruits appear in September.
3. In memory of Hasanov - is an ornamental culture, which is distinguished by large white flowers. They form inflorescences of 6-9 flowers. The plant has an average size - 1.5-2 meters. Moreover, its diameter is 1.5 meters. The bush is slightly sprawling.

Breeders have developed many thornless varieties that are easy to care for and harvest. Such plants are not completely devoid of thorns, but their number is minimal. Among such crops, it is worth highlighting the varieties Grushenka, Yadviga, Besshipny.

Growing Instructions

Rosehip is an undemanding crop, so it is quite easy to care for it. For planting a plant, a well-lit area, which is located on an elevated place, is required.Since the root system of the crop penetrates deep into the soil, it should not be planted in the lowlands. Also, places with a high location of groundwater are not suitable. In addition, the plant does not respond well to waterlogged or saline soils.

It is worth noting that wild rose develops normally even in dry and infertile soil. However, the site should not be waterlogged or swampy. The most suitable options for growing plants include black soil and gray forest soil. Increased acidity can be neutralized with rotted manure. It is also acceptable to use a composition based on compost and mineral fertilizers.

You can plant or replant crops in spring and autumn. In the first case, it is important to wait for the establishment of warm weather, in the second, planting work is carried out in late October or early November. For planting, it is worth using seedlings aged 1-2 years.First, the soil must be cleaned of weed roots and previous plants and dug up to a depth of 20 centimeters. For rose hips, you need to prepare holes measuring 50x50 centimeters. When planting several plants, the distance between them should be 2 meters.

It is recommended to fill the pits with a composition based on the top layer of soil, 15 kilograms of humus, 50 grams of potassium sulfate and 250 grams of superphosphate. Ground fragments of the plant need to be shortened to 10 centimeters. In this case, the roots should be cut by 20 centimeters. Immediately before planting the crop in a moistened recess, the rosehip root system must be dipped in a composition based on manure and peat.

Crop needs moderate irrigation. However, most often it lacks moisture, which accumulates in the soil naturally. Artificial moisture is required only in heat and drought. As a rule, a maximum of 3 waterings are carried out during the season. For 1 bush you need to use 2 buckets of water.

From the second year of life, the shrub needs to be formed. At the initial stages, it is required to prune dry or damaged branches. This procedure is recommended to be carried out in the fall - after the leaves have fallen. At the age of eight, rose hips need rejuvenating pruning.

Expert opinionZarechny Maxim ValerievichAgronomist with 12 years of experience. Our best gardening expert.Ask a Question3 times during the season, the culture needs to be fed with nitrogen substances. The first time they are brought in at the beginning of spring, the second - in the middle of summer, and the third - during the fruiting period. Organic agents in the form of humus are used at intervals of 3 years.

Methods of reproduction

Rose hips can be propagated in many ways. To breed a crop with seeds, they need to be collected from unripe brown fruits. This is done in August - before the shell hardens. It is recommended to plant seeds in the fall. This is best done in October.The grains are placed directly into the soil. At the same time, the furrows are sprinkled with sawdust and humus.

In early spring, you need to install a frame over the plantings and pull a film over it. This will speed up the germination of the seed. When a pair of true leaves appears, the bushes can be planted.

When planting a crop in the spring, the seeds need to be stratified. They need to be combined with peat or river sand and put in the refrigerator. Periodically, the grains need to be taken out and mixed.

To preserve the varietal characteristics of the mother crop, it is recommended to propagate wild rose by root offspring. To do this, in spring or autumn, you need to take a fragment 25-40 centimeters in size, separate it with a shovel and deposit it.

Also, the offspring may not be separated. To do this, it is required to spud it high, water it and add soil from time to time. As a result, this fragment of the plant will take adventitious roots.In the next season, in the fall, it can be separated from the mother plant, and in the spring - carefully dug up and transplanted to a new site.

Rosehip can also be propagated using cuttings. They need to be harvested in spring or summer. It is also sometimes allowed to do this in the fall. As a cutting, it is worth using young shoots that have buds. Such shoots take root faster. It is important that the cutting includes 2-4 viable buds.

A sharp horizontal cut should be made above the upper kidney, and an oblique cut below. Half of the leaves from the bottom of the cutting must be removed. Then it is recommended to treat the shoot with a root growth stimulator and deepen it into the prepared substrate. Landing should be covered with a cap, which will help create greenhouse conditions. The seedling needs to be aired and watered regularly. Thanks to this, it will take root faster.

Born Enemies

The main enemy of the plant is the rose fly, which causes damage to the fruit. To cope with this parasite, it is recommended to use the BI-58 insecticide. Rose hips can also suffer from attacks by sawfly larvae. They make moves in the shoots of the plant, which leads to darkening and death.

Pricks of rose nutcracker lead to moss-like growths on the branches. At the same time, leafworm caterpillars infect young foliage, and spider mites absorb cell juices. It will not be possible to destroy these pests without the use of special insecticidal preparations. To avoid attacks of parasites, the soil near the bushes needs to be dug up in the fall.

As for pathologies, the plant suffers more from powdery mildew. This disease is accompanied by the formation of white plaque. Treatment with a suspension of colloidal sulfur with a concentration of 1% will help to cope with the disease. You can also use various fungicides for this.

Culture can suffer from black rust. When signs of this disease appear, it is required to remove all affected fragments and treat the soil. In this case, the topsoil must be replaced. To avoid the development of rust, copper sulfate or other copper-based preparations can be used. Also, during the growing season, the bush can be sprinkled with a copper-soap solution.

Expert opinionZarechny Maxim ValerievichAgronomist with 12 years of experience. Our best gardening expert.Ask a QuestionChlorosis is considered another dangerous disease for wild rose. In this case, the foliage of the culture is covered with white or yellow spots. The cause of the development of the disease is considered to be a deficiency of important elements - magnesium, iron, manganese and many others. It is important to establish the causes of chlorosis and introduce the missing substances.

Use in design

The plant has excellent decorative properties, which allows it to be actively used in landscape design.Culture is suitable for creating hedges. It can be planted alone or combined with other plants. Dwarf varieties can be grown in pots. Such compositions are perfect for decorating recreation areas.

Rosehip is a fairly popular crop that has excellent decorative properties. In addition, the fruits of the plant are rich in vitamin C. That is why the plant is increasingly found in summer cottages. For its cultivation to be successful, it is important to follow the rules of agricultural technology.

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