Winter green manure: what you need, a list of the top 5 best and work in a greenhouse

Green manures are special plants that contribute to the structuring of the soil and its saturation with useful substances. You can plant them at different times. As winter green manures, annual plants are used, which have developed roots and a rapid increase in vegetative mass. Due to this, the plants loosen the soil. The cut green mass is used as mulching material.

Why do we need winter green manure

Siderates can be planted at different times. This is done in spring, summer, early autumn.Podzimny sowing of plants is also possible. At the same time, it is important to prevent the maturation of green manure, as they can go into the category of weeds. It is possible to achieve a good effect when mowing greenery at a shoot height of 20-30 centimeters or during budding.

The winter planting of green manure has many advantages:

1. Saving time when planting vegetables in the spring. This applies to cabbage, potatoes, carrots.
2. Increasing the period of green manure in the soil structure. They may stay there until May. This improves soil loosening by the roots and releases the mineral s alts required for late crops.
3. Protection from the spring sun and return frosts. This effect is achieved due to the abundance of greenery. After cutting, the shoots and leaves can be used as a cover mulch.

Which is better to choose

Green manure is recommended to choose depending on the culture. Such plants belong to different families and differ in certain features. So, to clean the beds from the keel, it is forbidden to plant cruciferous vegetables - mustard, radish, turnip.

In addition, plants differ in terms of germination, vegetative cycle and soil requirements. So, peas develop well on light sandy soil. However, it does not grow in heavy soil. It is worth planting beans and beans in loamy soil.

It is important to consider that plants differ in functionality:

1. Beans - help to saturate the soil with nitrogen.
2. Grains and cruciferous plants fix nitrogen in the soil. With their help, it is possible to convert minerals into a more accessible form and prevent soil demineralization.
3. Rapeseed and colza - help to increase the humus layer due to the large amount of leaf mass. They are used as green top dressing.
4. Phacelia, oats, buckwheat, lupine - help reduce soil acidity parameters.
5. Oil radish, white mustard, calendula, nasturtium, legumes - inhibit the activity of nematodes and pathogens of various pathologies.
6. Phacelia, mustard, sunflower, annual ryegrass - have pronounced honey properties.

All siderates loosen the soil with their root system. This effect is especially pronounced in lupine, oil radish and beans.

Many plants in this category suppress weed growth. This is due to their high planting density or rapid growth.

List of the best plants

It is recommended to choose green manure taking into account the tasks that need to be solved. At the same time, there are a number of popular plants that have a complex effect.

Vika

This plant contributes to the saturation of the fertile soil layer with nitrogen. The culture also provides protection for seedlings from attacks by slugs and birds. Vika successfully cleans the area from aphids and bears.

The downside of the plant is the need for frequent watering. It is recommended to plant seeds in moist soil. With the advent of spring, the greens need to be mowed, and the soil needs to be dug up. After the wiki, it is permissible to plant various vegetables and cabbage. At the same time, sowing legumes is prohibited.

White mustard

This green manure does not need subsequent plowing into the ground. During severe frosts, its shoots and roots rot, but manage to saturate the soil with useful substances. When planting white mustard, it should be borne in mind that it does not tolerate acidic and swampy types of soil.

It is recommended to plant the plant at a maximum depth of 3-4 centimeters. It is also permissible to scatter the seeds over the soil surface. It is required to mow the shoots before flowering and seed maturation. Planting work is recommended at the end of August.

Winter rye

Culture perfectly grows lush greenery and easily tolerates frost. After this green manure, it is worth planting cucumbers, tomatoes, potatoes and pumpkins. The only disadvantage of the plant is considered to be a small amount of nitrogen, which is released during decomposition in the soil.

Winter oats

This green manure promotes soil loosening, copes with parasites and weeds, saturates the soil with useful substances - potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen. Oats also contribute to the suppression of soil pathogens.

It is best to plant a plant in early autumn so that it has time to get stronger by the arrival of cold weather. Oats tolerate winter well and help to retain all the necessary trace elements in the soil. With the advent of spring, the culture begins to grow rapidly. When the shoots reach 20 centimeters, it is recommended to mow the greens.

Rapeseed

This green manure helps structure the soil and saturate it with phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen. After this plant, it is permissible to plant tomatoes, eggplants, peppers. Rapeseed is characterized by rapid development. During the autumn planting, it ensures the disinfection of the soil and prepares it for the spring planting of garden plants.

However, compared to oats and rye, rapeseed is considered a more demanding crop. It does not tolerate temperature fluctuations and the influence of high humidity. Under such conditions, the green manure begins to rot and dies.

Working in the greenhouse

Greenhouse plants require more care than ground plants. After digging up the soil, it is worth planting green manure. Mustard, rye, oats perfectly tolerate cold. They have time to ascend before severe frosts and form a powerful root system.With the onset of spring, greens need to be dug in. This will help to get valuable humus.

Winter green manure helps to improve the structure of the soil, saturate it with nutrients and activate the growth of crops. At the same time, it is important to carry out planting work correctly and provide plants with thorough care.

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