Formation of cucumbers in a greenhouse: diagram, step by step instructions how to do it right

How to form cucumbers in a greenhouse, so as not to harm the plant and in the future to harvest a quality crop, there is a certain scheme. Growing, the branches of the cucumber get tangled together, begin to take up a lot of space, which is not much in the greenhouse, and block access to each bush. The task of caring for them becomes more difficult, problems arise.

Need for procedure

The formation of many cultivated vegetables is carried out so that the bushes grow in the right direction. Procedure includes trimming and garter.

The formation of cucumbers in a polycarbonate greenhouse is recommended not only for order, beauty and cleansing of furrows. The procedure helps to reduce the risk of developing various fungal and bacterial diseases, allows light and air to freely flow to each bush.

When the cucumber grows, you need to pinch off the branches. The formation of cucumbers in the open field can be omitted, but only on condition that the cucumbers are at a great distance from each other, and the weather pleases with sunlight and rain. Greenhouse cucumber requires similar conditions, since every square meter counts for vegetable growers.

Forming cucumbers in a greenhouse is useful for several reasons:

Uncontrolled branching and the formation of ovaries leads to the fact that the root system cannot cope with the distribution of nutrients and moisture throughout the plant. The fruits on the branches will be small, twisted, lose their taste.
Interlacing a large number of stems and leaves obscures and prevents air access, which affects the quality of the fruit.
It is difficult to get to the flowers for pollinating insects through the thickets.
If diseases or pests appear, they will spread quickly, you can lose the entire crop.
Formation of the bush makes it easier to care for the vegetable in the future. It is convenient to water, loosen, weed the soil.

Many types of cucumbers need to be tied up. A support must be installed near each bush so that the stems do not lie on the ground, otherwise there is a risk that the plant will get sick or rot.

All actions for the formation of cucumbers in the greenhouse are best done in the early morning, so that open wounds can shrink during the day. When the plant begins to bloom and bear fruit, you can not turn and change the position of the flower or ovary.Rules and schemes that have been popular among agronomists and amateur gardeners for many years will help to form a bush correctly.

Advantages of formed bushes

The main procedures for forming a bush are pinching the shoots and tying the stems. As a result, the formed plant will give a rich harvest and facilitate the care procedure.

The result will be:

free access to each bush for watering, spraying, loosening and other manipulations;
comfortable conditions for fertilization;
free air ventilation in the beds where cucumbers grow;
stems do not touch the ground and are protected from rot and many pests;
daylight penetration available;
easy harvest process.

Fruits develop actively, have excellent taste, but for this vegetable growers should know how to form cucumbers in a polycarbonate greenhouse.

Helpful tips

The correct formation of cucumbers in a greenhouse is based on following some recommendations:

Timely need to get rid of empty flowers.
In the process of removing shoots and leaves, it is better to use a knife.
If a lot of empty ovaries are formed, then for a while it is necessary to reduce the frequency of watering the soil.
Picking ripe cucumbers is carried out carefully so as not to damage the twigs.
Cucumber leaves that appear close to the ground should be removed.

There are other rules for how to form a bush. Shoot growth should be monitored every week. Mustaches, empty flowers, low-quality fruits and bad leaves are plucked immediately after detection, as they take away additional nutrients from the plant.

The formation of cucumber lashes begins with the appearance of three pairs of leaves above the ground. At this moment, the plant still does not exceed 18 cm in height. If the dimensions have exceeded the recommended norms, then the formation is pointless.

If you pinch the top, you can extend the fruiting period until late autumn, but provided that the rules for growing are followed.

Cucumber twigs are recommended to get rid of damaged, bad leaves in a timely manner, which contribute to the formation of thickets and increase the risk of spreading diseases. You just need to know that pinching and fighting diseased leaves cannot be done at the same time.

To prolong fruiting, closer to the autumn period, the resulting lashes are removed from the support and laid out on the ground. Branches without ovaries are cut, the earth is loosened and fertilizer is applied (a mixture of peat and wood ash is suitable).

As a result, new flowers appear on the stems, it will be possible to collect a repeated, fresh crop.

Ways to strengthen stems

The first step in how to properly shape cucumbers is a garter. As soon as the height of the plant reaches 25 cm, the garter procedure begins.

There are the following ways of garter:

The vertical version involves the installation of a support 2 m high in the form of the letter "P". A rope should stretch from each bush to the top of the structure. As the cucumber stalk grows, it is carefully wrapped around the rope.
The horizontal method involves the deepening of wooden pegs at a distance of 30 cm from each other. Ropes are tied to them in a horizontal form. The disadvantage is that when reaching the first horizontal row, the stem stops and does not want to go further up.
The use of a mesh garter is very popular. A mesh is made and installed near the garden with cucumbers. Each bush with the help of a mustache will rush up.

Whatever method is chosen for tying a cucumber in a greenhouse, the sequence of steps should be followed and important nuances should be taken into account.

Shaping options

How to properly form a cucumber bush depends on the type chosen. Tall or short, hybrid or varietal cucumbers require different conditions.

Tall varieties of cucumbers, which can grow up to 1.6 meters in height, feel great in the greenhouse. They need a binding. For this purpose, a wire support is pulled near the beds to a height of at least 1.8 meters. If the support is stretched over the bed in a horizontal position, then it is additionally recommended to tie a tight thread hanging down. The stem is twisted around the support clockwise.

Cucumber garter often coincides with the 10th day after transplanting. Cultivation can continue on a sturdy rope or wooden trellis.

Scheme for the formation of cucumbers in a greenhouse with the formation of one stem by tying:

Approximately 6 days after planting, the seedlings are attached to a support, which is located next to the bush.
At the base of the stem, where the first pair of true leaves is located, shoots and flowers are removed. Thus, more air and light will flow to the stem, which is necessary for further development. The risk of rotting will be reduced.
As soon as the whip is still stretched and the next pair of leaves appears, only the shoots and flowers that are located on the side are removed. Shoots must be removed immediately so that they do not have time to grow.
While the lash grows, pinching is repeated on each new section, leaving first two leaves (when the plant reaches 50 cm), then three and four. Thus, closer to the top there will be more leaves on the side shoots than at the bottom.
On the left shoots on the sides, new shoots will soon begin to appear, you need to get rid of them, otherwise the planting will be dense.
As soon as the cucumber whip reaches the height of the support, pinch the main top, let it grow a little and cut off completely.

It is very important to monitor the integrity of the bush with one formed stem. Under the pressure of the side shoots, it can break, so they build an additional support.

How to properly form cucumbers in a greenhouse in a multi-stemmed way, there are some peculiarities. Step-by-step instructions will help you understand the intricacies of the procedure:

After the appearance of the sixth leaf, the central stem is attached to the support.
The top of the plant is pinched, and the lateral processes can be left untouched until the first ovaries form on them.
As soon as the additional shoots get stronger, they are picked up and fixed near the central stem.
The tendrils are wrapped around the main stem to keep the plant stable.

How to form a cucumber bush without tying, there are secrets. If a low-growing variety is chosen, then the bush does not need support, and it will be much easier to form it. But here the main thing will be whether the cucumber is hybrid or varietal.

Cucumber varieties on the central stem mainly have male flowers that do not form ovaries - empty flowers. Female flowers are located on the side shoots, so the future crop should be formed from them. In such types of cucumbers, the main stem is pinched after the appearance of 4 leaves, and the side ones - after 2 leaves.

In hybrid cucumbers, all flowers are able to form ovaries, so the main stem does not need to be cut off. Lateral shoots begin to pinch after the second leaflet.

Features of vegetable care in an open area

How to form cucumbers in the open field, there are no particular differences from the procedure in greenhouse conditions. Follow the same steps:

Pinch the top start from the moment 5-6 leaves appear. After that, the plant will begin to branch and form additional shoots.
Garter will allow the plant to crawl up without interfering with other bushes. In addition, the number of fruits will increase significantly.
As the lash grows, tendrils and empty flowers should be removed. Some agronomists recommend leaving a few male flowers for pollination.
Ripe fruits are harvested immediately, as they absorb nutrients. Yellow, dry leaves should also be removed.

The formation of cucumbers in the open field depends on the variety of the vegetable. In the case of the formation of hybrid varieties, it is better to lead the stem along a vertical support into one stem. Pinch the top only when the maximum height of the installed support is reached. Pinching lateral shoots begin above the third leaflet.

Cucumber whip formation and cucumber garter on open ground can be carried out in two main ways:

The horizontal method involves the installation of two long sticks next to the bushes, between which the twine will be stretched. A cucumber stalk is sent to the bottom row of the rope.
The vertical method involves a deepening near the bushes of two long sticks, between which a string is pulled. Vertical ropes are tied to the twine, and the hanging end is attached to the cucumber stalk.

Whether or not to pinch cucumbers in an open bed depends on the variety. If stunted varieties are planted, there is no need to pinch the top. If the varieties are tall, then pinching is necessary, and the procedure begins when the plant reaches a meter in height.