Green onion diseases and their treatment, planting and care in the open field

There are a wide variety of green onion diseases, and the quality and benefits of the crop will depend on their correct treatment. The fight against fungal and viral infections is long and difficult, so it is better to take time to prevent diseases. Knowing the first signs of the onset of the disease, you can prevent the mass spread of the pathogen.

The most common varieties of onions

A popular type of onion grown on a feather is batun (Ural family, Seryozha, Semiletka, Maysky). It has a well-developed ground part, the feather is thin and can reach 1 meter in length. There are many more useful substances in greens than in onion feathers.

You can plant bulbs or sow seeds. Planting starts in early May. The bulbs are planted to a depth of 3 cm. In July, you can cut the greens, and after a while it will grow again. Since the batun has been growing in one place for several years, the next year you can harvest the first crop in a month.

Chinese onions are also grown for the sake of greenery. Long narrow leaves with a strong smell can grow up to 50 cm. A small onion can also form, which is also used for food. Such varieties are known as Bohemia, Lilac Ringing, Chemal, Medonos.

Leek produces delicate and fragrant feathers, flat like garlic leaves that fan out. The bulb is absent, but there is a thick, white stem. Popular varieties include: Vesta, Columbus, Elephant, Casimir, Alligator.

Shallot allows you to cut greens several times throughout the season. Recommended varieties are Afonya, Aristocratic, Starorussky, Leader, Green, Dwarf.

You can also get greens from onions. For this, medium-sized turnips are selected. For these purposes, the following varieties are better suited: Union, Strigunovsky, Rostovsky, Bessonovsky.

Planting turnips or onion seeds on greens begins at the end of April, but on condition that the soil has warmed up to +12 degrees. Already in the middle of summer, you can harvest the first crop. If you plan to collect fresh herbs in the spring, then the seeds can be sown in the middle of summer.

How to grow green onions in open soil?

Green feather onions can be grown from both sets and seeds. You can plant a vegetable close to each other or, keeping a distance of 3 cm. Tight planting does not allow the bulb to form, and all forces are directed to forcing the green feather.

The process of growing onions on a feather begins with the proper preparation of planting material.The most commonly used is onion. Choose bulbs of medium size (3 cm in diameter and weight no more than 45 g). Selected he althy planting material is dense, without damage, stains and dents. Excess husks are peeled from them.

The process of heating and disinfection will help protect the future crop from viruses. It is recommended to warm the bulbs at a temperature of +40 degrees for 8 hours. After that, hold in a weak solution of potassium permanganate or s alt.

What to watch out for?

When planting onions on a feather, you need to be prepared for the fact that diseases and pests may appear. They often cause complete crop loss. To prevent this from happening, you need to know the main signs of a problem and try to prevent further development.

Green feathers of plants affected by the fungus cannot be cut for food use. If individual bulbs with signs of damage appear on the bed, they must be removed, and the rest of the greens cut off and dried at a temperature above 50 degrees.This will destroy pathogens.

Diseases

Cultivation of green onions begins with preparatory work aimed at the destruction of pathogenic flora. Under favorable conditions, fungi become active and lead to the death of the crop.

The most common green onion infections include rust, downy mildew, and mosaic. Each disease has its own distinctive features.

Onion rust is a fungal disease that can affect all types of onions. Oval, slightly convex yellow spots form on the leaves. As the disease progresses, the growth of feathers stops, they dry out and die. Wet weather and excessive watering, as well as excess nitrogen, contribute to the development of rust.

Powdery mildew (downy mildew) is a fungal disease.This disease spreads very quickly and destroys the entire crop. Yellow spots appear on the leaves, and gray-violet spores appear a little later. The plaque is especially noticeable in the morning, after dew. Over time, the spots increase, and all feathers turn yellow, dry out.

Peronosporosis develops in conditions of high humidity, lack of fresh air due to too dense plantings, insufficient solar heat and light.

The disease is treated with folk remedies based on wood ash, whey. After using chemicals, you can not eat greens. It is necessary to reduce the number of waterings and remove fertilizing with nitrogen. At the same time, they provide the plant with a sufficient amount of potassium and phosphorus. It is these components that help fight disease.

The onion mosaic is caused by a virus. Light yellow spots appear on green leaves. Over time, the spots grow, the feathers begin to curl and dry from the tips. The reason may be a dense planting of plants or an invasion of pests.

Green onion mosaic disease can be treated with folk remedies. Wood ash tincture has proven itself well. 300 g of ash is diluted in 10 liters of water and boiled for 30 minutes. After the solution has cooled, add 35 ml of liquid soap. The green part of the plant is sprayed with the finished composition.

Another fungal disease that affects onions is neck rot. The infection destroys the head of the onion. The neck of the bulb becomes thinner, dries and rots. A gray coating appears, which, as the disease develops, turns into large black dots. If diseased bulbs are planted next year, the feathers will be weak, lethargic, pale green with a bloom.

Pests

The main pests of green onions are the onion fly or moth, thrips and nematodes. The plant develops slowly, the feathers begin to turn yellow and dry, despite proper care and timely fertilizing.

The main methods of pest control include proper soil preparation in the fall. The site is dug deep, cleared of weeds. Next year, it is advisable to plant other vegetables in this place, for example, carrots, corn, herbs. Fighting methods:

In case of a problem, you can water the aisles with saline, avoiding getting on the greens. 20 g of table s alt are dissolved in a bucket of water.
Sprinkle the beds periodically with a mixture of wood ash, ground pepper and tobacco dust.
Tobacco and ground pepper tincture helps. Previously, 300 g of tobacco is poured with water for several days. Pour 5 g of ground pepper and 20 ml of liquid soap into the finished infusion. Before spraying, the concentrate is again diluted with water.

They are very attentive to the preparation of planting material. Seeds or sets must first be warmed up and disinfected.

Feeding

Many compositions than to feed onions on greens. It is especially important to fertilize the soil during the period of active growth of feathers. You can treat the beds with a solution of Agricola 2, Effecton-O, Vegata.

Wood ash, which is sprinkled between rows, is of great benefit. You can prepare an ash infusion. To do this, 200 g of ash is poured with hot water, insisted for a day, and then the beds are watered.

For the intensive growth of greenery in the soil there must be sufficient nitrogen content. In order to prevent fungal diseases, beds with green onions are fed with potassium s alt.

The first feeding is carried out after the first thinning. You can make an infusion of cow dung or bird droppings. Organics can be replaced with minerals. A mixture of ammonium nitrate, potassium s alt and superphosphate is suitable.

The second top dressing of onions for greens is carried out after another two weeks. Fertilizers based on phosphorus and potassium are suitable. A mixture of 35 g of superphosphate and 15 g of potassium chloride is scattered on the beds where onions grow.

Additional fertilization may be required when pests, diseases and changes in plant appearance appear. For example, with a lack of nitrogen, the leaves grow slowly, yellow spots appear on them. Phosphorus deficiency is indicated by the appearance of large brown spots.

Correct watering

When growing onions on a feather, you need to set the watering mode. Any varieties of onions selected for greens need to be watered once every 10. If the weather is dry, then the frequency of watering is increased. It is desirable to water with warm, settled water early in the morning or in the evening, after sunset. While the feather grows water, it is better to pour under the root.You can water onions on greens until harvest.

Lack or excess of moisture can cause green onions in the garden to turn yellow. With a lack of moisture, the soil can become loose, and with an excess, the risk of rotting will increase. What to do in this case? If the cause was a lack of moisture, then you need to resume watering. You can check soil moisture by deepening a wooden stick. If it remains wet by 10 cm, then watering is postponed for 2-3 days. It is best to organize a drip irrigation system, it is also recommended to mulch the soil.