Tason grapes: description and characteristics of the variety, planting and cultivation with photos

There are many varieties of grapes, but the Muscat species are a special category. They emit a rich aroma and have a unique taste. The representative of such grape varieties is Tason, which today is successfully grown not only in the southern regions. If you want to plant it in a garden plot, you should familiarize yourself with the basic recommendations for plant care.

Origin story

Tason grapes belong to the category of artificially bred varieties. He owes his appearance to the scientists of the research center named after Ya.I. Potapenko. When it was created, two varieties were used - Italy, Zorieva. Initially, the grape variety was grown on the territory of the Crimea and Ukraine, but today there is a good survival rate in the conditions of the Moscow region and the Leningrad region.

Pros and cons

Tason was the result of selection of two varieties of grapes, so he took only the best qualities from his parents. The benefits of garden culture include:

high yield;
short ripening period;
ability to withstand mechanical stress during transportation;
resistance to putrefactive phenomena, the ability to maintain taste and external qualities for a long time;
prolonged holding of bunches of grapes on the branches;
ability to tolerate low temperatures, high humidity and excessive rainfall.

The main advantage of Tason grapes is the excellent taste of nutmeg berries, which were rated by experts as 8.2 points. Grapes are recognized as one of the best representatives of the southern varieties. At the same time, gardeners note only 2 shortcomings of the culture - insufficient resistance to fungal diseases, the need for shelter in the winter.

Characteristics and description of appearance

Tason grapes were recognized by specialists as a prominent representative of Muscat varieties, which is largely due to the excellent characteristics of the fruit. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that it is practically not used for making wines, as it is ideal for sales purposes. It is one of the first to ripen, has a unique taste, easily tolerates long transportation and has a long shelf life.

The plant is frost-resistant, its breeding qualities allow it to endure temperatures down to -22 ^{C, but in the northern regions it is required to cover the shoots for the winter.}

Bush

The grape bush has a strong growth. The leaf blades acquire a dark green color and are five-lobed in shape. The vine is characterized by good maturity throughout the shoot. It is permissible to propagate the culture by cuttings.

Crop quantity and taste of berries

The berries are collected in large clusters weighing from 500 to 800 g, some can reach a mass of 1,200 g. With a quantity of 30 to 40 shoots, 55% are fruitful. The fruits are characterized by a light white-pink color, when they are in the zone of sunlight, they can acquire a slight tan. Grape characteristics:

length - 25 cm;
width - 18 mm;
weight - 7 g.

Tason berries have a dense skin and juicy pulp with a small content of small seeds. The taste is sweet with a pronounced nutmeg tinge.

Technology for planting variety Tason

Getting a good harvest of grapes requires compliance with agricultural cultivation practices. The key to getting a good return on berries is the right choice of seedlings, compliance with planting requirements and care, taking into account the characteristics of horticultural crops.

Selection of seedlings

It is recommended to purchase seedlings in a specialized nursery specializing in the cultivation of grape varieties. The best is the one that is located in the same climatic zone. It is important to choose shoots with a well-developed root system, without damage, formations and signs of excessive dryness.During transportation, the roots are wrapped in a film to maintain a sufficient level of moisture.

Timing

Landing is carried out at the end of March or in early April. It is important that the shoots have time to take root well, which will allow them to calmly overwinter and withstand lower temperatures.

Plant and planting depth

The soil for planting is prepared in the fall, carefully digging. For planting, holes are formed with a depth of 80 cm and a width of 1 m. The distance between the bushes must be at least 1 m, 3 meters are left between the rows. Compost, rotted manure and a complex of mineral fertilizers are placed at the bottom of each hole. Immediately before planting, the roots are cut, removing 15 cm of the shoots. For disinfection use a solution:

"Hexachloran" - 200 g;
clay - 400 g;
water - 10 l.

In the solution, the roots are kept for 5 minutes, after which they are dipped into a "talker" of clay and manure. If desired, I add a growth stimulator - Fumar, sodium humate.

Growing conditions

The key to successful cultivation is knowledge about the characteristics of the variety and compliance with the basic recommendations. It is important to choose the right landing site, timely trim and feed the plant.

Lighting

Grapes are heat-loving plants, so sunny, well-lit places are chosen for planting. The color of the berries will depend on the sufficiency of lighting. If it is deficient, they will be pale pink, and if normal, they will acquire a pleasant tan.

Demanding on the soil

Grapes need light soil with good moisture and air permeability.Heavy soils require work to improve permeability, for this, broken bricks, a mixture of small stones or coarse sand are used. Demanding Tason to a sufficient content of nutrients in the ground.

Irrigation

Tason loves abundant regular watering with warm water. Moisten the soil in the early morning hours or at sunset, when the plant is not exposed to direct sunlight. It is impossible to allow liquid stagnation, as waterlogging negatively affects the he alth of the shoots.

Fertilizer and processing

Experts advise when fertilizing plants to alternate fertilizing with organic matter and mineral fertilizers. Often for these purposes, gardeners use manure, compost, bird droppings. The choice of chemicals depends on the personal preferences of the gardener. Depending on the growing season, the nutritional requirements of the plant differ. It is worth adhering to the following recommendations:

nitrogen fertilizers - contribute to the growth of green mass, so they are applied in the spring, using urea or s altpeter, and in the autumn, such top dressing will harm the plant;
phosphorus - necessary for grapes during flowering, so the addition of superphosphate will contribute to better formation and ripening of berries;
potassium chloride - applied in autumn to accelerate the ripening of grapes and prepare the plant for winter;
copper - accelerates plant growth;
zinc - increases yield.

For top dressing of grapes, you can choose one- or multi-component preparations. Popular means of complex action include Florovit, Aquarin, Kemira. Fertilizer application rates are calculated based on the recommendations of the product instructions.

Cutting

Pruning helps to increase yields, improve the taste of berries and increase their size.The procedure will help the fruits ripen faster and reduce labor costs for caring for the plant. Tason loves the sun, so the bushes are shaped so that each bunch receives a sufficient amount of sun. One bush should contain from 30 to 40 eyes, and on one branch their number should not exceed 8.

Shelter for the winter

Shelter for vine shoots is essential when planting in a region with a cold climate. For these purposes, use any of the materials at hand - shields made of wood, slate, roofing material, linoleum. Plant protection is formed in the form of a triangle with a sharp top.

Pollination and start of fruiting

The plant forms flowers of both sexes, so no other varieties need to be planted on the site. Grapes Tason is a representative of early ripe varieties, the ripening period is 100-110 days. The first harvest in the southern regions begins to be harvested in the second half of July.In cool growing conditions, harvest time is shifted up, but yields are not affected.

Collect and duration of storage of crops

The first grapes are harvested in the second decade of July. With a plentiful harvest, they can be left on the shoots until mid-September. For fresh consumption, the berries are stored in the refrigerator, but not more than 30 days. When organizing special places in a cool room, the period can be extended up to 3 months. Tason is consumed not only fresh. Raisins are made from grapes, wine, juice, compote are prepared.

Diseases and pests. Measures to combat them

For grapes, the most dangerous disease is powdery mildew, in which the plant is covered with a whitish bloom. To combat it, "Karbofos", "Folpet" and other drugs are used, which contain copper sulfate.

Of the pests, the most dangerous is the aphid. The insect feeds on the sap of the plant, which over time leads to a lack of nutrients. The appearance of curling leaves, blisters and swellings speaks of the invasion of pests. To combat the invasion of aphids, drugs of directed action are used.