Rusbol grapes: description and characteristics of the variety, variety, reproduction and care

There are special types of grape crops that have been demonstrating their best side for many years and remain in demand on the horticultural cult market. One of the most popular and widespread in the Russian regions is the Rusbol grape variety, which is the result of Siberian selection, so you should learn about its features and benefits.

Variety selection

The appearance of the hybrid Rusbol was the result of the work of a team of Bulgarian scientists and breeders of the research center. Ya. I. Potapenko. The grape variety is known to Russian gardeners as Mirage.The early-maturing appearance gives off berries of universal use with no seeds inside.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

The breeding qualities of the hybrid make it possible to grow Rusbol in regions with difficult conditions, including in Siberia in unprotected soil. The main advantages of the variety include:

• good resistance to common grape diseases, including fungal;
• ability to form large clusters with sized berries that are loosely adjacent to each other;
• crop stability;
• possibility of propagation by cuttings;
• ability to tolerate low temperatures.

The disadvantage of the variety is the property of rapid loss of presentation during long-term transportation. With excessive humidity and prolonged rains, cracking of fruits and rotting of berries can be observed.

Characterization and biological description

The variety belongs to the species with an early ripening period, the crop is harvested after 115-125 days. Horticultural crop forms raisin fruits, small berries do not contain seeds.

Bush and shoots

A distinctive feature of the variety is its excellent rooting ability. Young bushes show average shoot growth. An adult plant is characterized by strong growth.

Pollination and flowering

The plant forms flowers of both sexes. This quality allows the variety to be used as a pollinator of plants with female-type flowering.

Blusters and fruits

Bunches of conical grapes may vary in size, they are large, the average weight ranges from 1 to 1.5 kg. Oval-shaped berries grow small and do not contain seeds inside, which makes it possible to classify the grape variety as a variety of sultanas.The diameter of the grape is 1.6 cm, the average weight is 3 g. At full maturity, the fruits acquire a pleasant amber hue and a characteristic tan on the sunny side.

Juicy pulp of berries has a harmonious taste. The sugar content ranges from 19 to 21%.

Frost resistance and region of growth

Rusball belongs to the category of varieties of Siberian selection. It is able to survive in cold winters and temperatures down to -25 0C. It can leave several he althy buds, from which young shoots actively hatch in the spring.

Hybrid Forms

Rusbol variety belongs to hybrid varieties, but breeders continue to try to get a culture with even better qualities. The result of such work was the emergence of two new species - Improved, Muscat.

Improved

The second name of the grape is Elf. It has similar breeding characteristics as the parent plants, but has a shorter maturation period, which is 105-110 days. Large-sized fruits begin to form as early as the 2nd year. Too wet weather can negatively affect yields.

Rusball Muscat

As a result of crossing with Bulgaria stable variety, a variety with amber-yellow fruits and a delicate nutmeg aroma appeared. The remaining characteristics correspond to the parent variety. Due to the inability of grapes to endure long-term transportation, the variety is recommended for cultivation only on the territory of small household plots for personal consumption.

Methods of reproduction

Formation of large plantings of grapes requires significant costs for the purchase of seedlings. The Rusbol variety avoids this, as it reproduces perfectly by layering and cuttings.

Cutting

With the help of cuttings, you can get a large number of seedlings and quickly increase the area of planting grapes. The material is prepared in advance, for this, he althy and strong shoots are selected in the fall, and cuttings 7-12 cm long are cut from their middle part so that the length of the internodes is about 10 cm, and there are 3-4 developed buds. The leaves and tendrils are removed, the shoots are placed in water and disinfected with copper sulfate.

After drying, the cuttings are sent for storage until spring in a cellar with a temperature of +5 0C, placing them in boxes with wet sand.

In March, the cuttings begin to germinate. To do this, their ends are placed in a growth stimulator solution and provide additional lighting. After the roots appear, the cuttings are planted in containers with earth for transplantation to a place of permanent cultivation in May.

Layers

Propagation by layering can be deep or horizontal. The first option is used to replace adult grape bushes. To do this, in the spring they dig a groove to the width of a shovel and a depth of 0.5 m. An extreme shoot is laid in it, bringing out the top in the middle of the ditch and cutting it off by 5 cm, sprinkle it with earth and take care of it like an adult plant during the season. In the 3rd year, the young bush can be separated from the parent bush.

In the case of using a horizontal layer, they dig a small groove depth from 10 to 20 cm, into which the grape shoot is laid. It is pressed with slingshots and covered with a mixture of earth and peat, leaving a mound 10 cm high. A film is placed over the ground to prevent moisture from evaporating, as soon as shoots appear, it is removed. In autumn, the cuttings are dug up and divided into separate seedlings. The root system is immersed in a clay solution and the layers are sent to the cellar for storage.In the spring, a groove of 15 cm is formed and planted, cutting off the aerial part and sprinkling with fertile soil.

Terms and conditions of boarding

For planting choose a well-lit fertile area. The lack of light negatively affects the growth of the plant and its fruiting. The root system is inspected for damage, the shoots are cut and the dry ones are removed. For planting, a pit 80 cm deep is formed, into which a complex of mineral fertilizers is added. The root part of the seedling is carefully placed in the hole, the shoots are evenly distributed and covered with earth. After planting, it is required to moisten the landing site well.

Caring for grapes throughout the year

Rusball is considered an unpretentious variety. Plant care is standard and consists in timely watering, fertilizing, pruning and pest control. If necessary, the shoots form a winter shelter.

Formation of bushes

Due to the height of its shoots, Rusbol needs work to form a bush. Pruning is carried out for 2-3 eyes, with powerful vines it is allowed to make a correction for 6-8 eyes. For each bush, the total load should not exceed 30-45 buds. Some gardeners practice growing grapes on short sleeves, leaving 3-4 fruiting vines with 12-16 eyes.

Water and fertilize

In the first year, the grape seedling needs additional watering. It is acceptable to combine work on moistening the soil with the introduction of liquid fertilizer. In the first 2-3 years, top dressing should not be abused, since the amount of nutrients introduced during planting will be enough for the shoots.

Vaccination

For maximum disclosure of the best qualities, grapes are grafted using vigorous rootstocks. A feature of Rusbol is that it can be used on almost all rootstocks.

The need to shelter for the winter

The need to form a winter shelter occurs only in regions with a cold climate. If snow falls more than 50 cm, then additional structures for the plant can be made. The root zone is sprinkled with a 10 cm layer of earth, the soil and shoots are cultivated with a solution of iron sulfate. Before the onset of frost, the shoots are removed from the supports, laid down and a shelter method is chosen.

To do this, you can simply sprinkle them with earth or cover with covering material. Tightness for shelter is not needed and dangerous, the lack of access to oxygen and holes for the exit of moisture will lead to overheating of the eyes.

Protection from pests and diseases

Grapes often suffer from diseases such as oidium, mildew and various types of rot. Rusball has a natural resistance to such dangers, so it is enough to carry out preventive measures.For spraying shoots, use a solution of copper sulfate, hydrogen peroxide or Bordeaux liquid.

Beginning of fruiting grapes

Under proper growing conditions, the first harvest from the plant can be expected in the 2-3rd year. The fruiting quality of grapes can be described as high, the return is from 85 to 95%.

Berry ripening dates

The formation of mature brushes can be expected in 115 days, this is the minimum period defined. In different regions, it may differ up or down, but in September, you can start harvesting.

Harvest and storage of crops

The moment the grapes ripen means that the harvest can begin. To do this, the brushes are carefully cut and placed in pre-prepared containers. The disadvantage of the variety is the inability of the berries for long-term storage, therefore, when carrying out work, it is necessary to minimize the risk of fruit damage.Grapes can be used fresh as an ingredient for salads, desserts, juices. The berries are dried and used to make muesli.

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