Furchette grapes: description and characteristics of the variety, methods of reproduction and cultivation | Berries 2024
Amateur breeder VV Zagorulko once again delighted gardeners by presenting them with a new hybrid grape of the Furshetny variety, intended mainly for growing in household plots. Experienced growers have already appreciated all the advantages and disadvantages. The novelty has become a worthy addition to the collection of favorite varieties.
History of breeding hybrid Furshetny
Furchette grapes were bred in the Ukrainian city of Zaporozhye by a famous local breeder. The Kuban varieties and the gift to Zaporizhia received by him earlier were taken as the basis.The novelty was presented to the attention of consumers in 2008. She combined all the best characteristics of mother varieties and was ideal for summer cottages and household plots.
Features of the variety
Buffet, along with many advantages that favorably distinguish it from other similar varieties, has some disadvantages.
Benefits
Gardeners have identified the following benefits of this grape:
- increased frost resistance;
- crop suitable for long-term storage;
- suitability for transportation over long distances without loss of taste and commercial qualities;
- excellent taste of ripe fruits;
- strong fragrance;
- bisexual flowering;
- high yield;
- the vine ripens along its entire length;
- increased disease resistance.
Flaws
No significant shortcomings were found in the Furchette grapes, but some gardeners noted that if rationing is not done, then the bushes are prone to overloading with the harvest. In the future, this negatively affects the condition of the plant.
External characteristics
Buffet has its own distinctive features, thanks to which it can be identified among similar varieties.
Description of the vine and leaves
The grape bush is vigorous and branched, the intensity of shoot formation is strong. The root system of Furshetny is highly developed. The leaves of this variety are painted in a bright green color, curly in shape, rather wide. The plant does not require planting near the pollinator variety, since the flowering is bisexual.
Taste and appearance of fruits
Bunches of grapes form a conical shape, weigh an average of 600-900 g. The fruits are large, grow densely, have an oblong shape. In the stage of technical ripeness, they acquire a dark blue or purple color. Due to the presence of a thin, but very dense skin with a slight wax coating, the transportability of the berries increases. The pulp is very fragrant, juicy. The taste of Buffet is rich, sweet, very pleasant.
The fragrance is strong. In the aftertaste, the fruits are often compared with raisins or mulberries. Each berry reaches a mass of 9-13 g.
Frost resistance
Furchette grapes have increased frost resistance and are able to withstand temperatures down to -22 °C in winter.
Disease resistance
Furshetny grape variety has increased resistance to common diseases, but still needs mandatory preventive treatments against mildew, anthracnose, alternariosis, oidium.
Methods of propagation of grapes
The variety is a hybrid, therefore it cannot be propagated by seeds, except for use as a rootstock. For propagation of bushes, cuttings and layering are used.
Plant pattern
Furshetny Grapes is a vigorous variety, therefore it cannot be planted thickened. The ideal option would be to plant bushes according to the scheme of 3 x 3 meters.
Best drop off location
It is best to plant a vine on a plot free from other plants. It should be well lit, provide good access to sunlight, heat and air permeability.
Demanding on the soil
Buffet grapes for planting prefer chernozem or loamy and sandy soil, but it will not grow on s alt marshes and wetlands. High groundwater levels will require thorough drainage and in some cases slightly raised vineyards. The land must have an adequate supply of nutrients, if it is depleted, then the necessary fertilizers are applied.
Depth and width of the pit
The depth and width of the hole for planting grapes must be at least 80 cm, of which 10 cm is occupied by the drainage layer.
Feeding and watering a young seedling
After planting Buffet grapes on the plot for each seedling, you need to add 2 buckets of water. Seedlings are fed in autumn and spring, applying organic matter and complex mineral fertilizers.
Variety care
Things are not limited to just planting vines, proper care is required to obtain stable and abundant harvests of grapes.
Irrigation
In dry years, Furshetny grapes need regular watering, otherwise it will not work to get tasty and juicy berries. The irrigation system must be thought out even before planting, because it is desirable to do this not under the root, but in a groove dug nearby. An installed drip irrigation system will also work.
Adult grape bushes are irrigated several times a season. The first time this is done in the spring, if the melt water is not enough and the soil is dry. Then before flowering, after it ends and before the harvest begins.
Feeding
Grapes are fertilized with both organic and chemical mineral preparations.Before winter, manure is brought in, and in the spring any humus and wood ash. Together with standard means, foliar top dressing is also used. Spraying them is carried out three times during the growing season.
Vine formation
The formation of the Furshetny vine variety is carried out from the second year of life. Work is carried out before the start of sap flow in plants or after the foliage has fallen. Pruning of branches is done for 8 eyes, and no more than 30 shoots are left on one bush. The pruned vine can be used for further propagation.
Processing
Despite the increased resistance of the Buffet grapes to fungal diseases, it needs preventive treatments with fungicides. To prevent the appearance of garden pests in the vineyard, it is sprayed with insecticides. Use them according to the instructions that come with the specific product.
Mulching
To prevent excessive evaporation of moisture, it is advisable to mulch the vineyards. For this, harvested hay, harvested and dried weeds from the site, sawdust, straw, needles are used. It is important that the selected material itself does not become a source of infection of plants with fungi and other dangerous diseases.
Fruiting
Furchette grapes bear fruit abundantly, and if this parameter is not normalized, then the bush may be overloaded with tassels, which does not have a very good effect on the further state of the plant.
Flower time
Furchette grapes begin to bloom when an acceptable temperature is established outside (at least +25 ° С). Otherwise, the inflorescences will not be pollinated. As a rule, this time falls on the middle of May - the beginning of June, but it may vary depending on the region.
Fruit ripening period
Furchette grapes, depending on the growing region, can be classified as mid-early or early varieties. Its fruits ripen within 110-135 days after flowering. In the middle lane, this time falls on mid-August.
Harvest rules
Buffet grape harvest is preferably carried out in dry and clear weather. The branches are carefully cut from the bush and put in a basket, after which they are sent for sorting. Dry, spoiled and overripe brushes are set aside separately.
Using berry clusters
Furchette grape berries have a universal application. They are used both for fresh consumption and for all types of processing, making homemade wine, freezing. From juicy and sweet fruits, excellent juice is obtained. They are used in dietary and clinical nutrition.
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