Solaris grapes: description of the variety and characteristics of the fruit and bush with a photo

Grapes are a perennial plant. The fruits are good fresh and dried. Indispensable in winemaking. It grows in many regions. But it's not easy to find a variety for cold climates. One of the best representatives of this culture for the northern regions is considered to be the grapes of the German selection Solaris. The variety is popular due to its unpretentiousness, frost resistance, early ripening, excellent taste.

Description of Solaris grapes

Hybrid variety bred in Germany by crossing Muscat Ottonel with Northern Saperavi. The result was an early ripening grape with amber-colored berries.A high percentage of sugar content makes it possible to use fresh. With a high sugar accumulation and a low decrease in acidity, it is an excellent raw material for winemaking. White wines are of high quality, with a pleasant taste and aroma.

The bushes are tall, up to five meters in height. Clusters are medium, cylindrical, loose. The growing season is three and a half months.

Positive and negative properties of the variety

The positive properties of the variety include the following:

1. High yield.
2. Early ripening.
3. Resistance to diseases and pests.
4. High frost resistance.
5. Grows on all types of soil, except for wetlands and solonchaks.
6. Medical use.
7. Production of quality wine.

Negative are:

1. Dense foliage that interferes with the ventilation of the bushes and air access to the berries.
2. Sweet fruits attract wasps and birds.
3. Mandatory formation of a bush with minimal thickening.
4. The need for sufficient magnesium in the soil.

Characteristics of the fruit variety

Wine grapes Solaris technical purpose is popular among winegrowers. This is due to the high quality of the variety.

Increased frost resistance

Due to the increased frost resistance, the variety can grow in any region. Solaris is able to endure thirty-degree frost. With the help of vaccinations, the frost resistance of grapes increases. In autumn, plants prepare for winter.In adult bushes with a stiff trunk, damaged, dried branches are pruned.

In young plants, after pruning, the vines are covered for the winter, laying them on the ground.

Disease resistance

The Solaris hybrid variety is resistant to many diseases. Under favorable conditions, infection with such dangerous diseases as downy mildew and powdery mildew can be avoided. The vineyard needs to be thinned out. Dilute branches daily for better ventilation and penetration of sunlight. These actions will help to avoid fungal diseases.

When precipitation falls during the growing season, downy mildew infects the green parts of the plant. The red spots that appear dry out, the crop may die if measures are not taken to save it. Powdery mildew appears on the front side of the leaves in the form of a plaque.If heavy rains begin after the heat, ripe berries burst, gray rot with a moldy smell appears on the cracks. To avoid infection with gray rot, fruits and leaves must be provided with access to air and sun. And we also need preventive treatment with special means.

To protect overripe berries from noble rot, plants are treated with fungicides. When ticks attack, the affected shoots are removed, the bushes are sprayed with acaricides.

Disease is easier to prevent than to cure. Therefore, prevention is of great importance in the fight against diseases and pests.

Landing

Grapes are a heat-loving plant that needs a lot of sunlight. It is necessary to choose a non-shaded area, at a sufficient distance from tall trees. Also, when planting, it is worth considering that the grapes do not tolerate cold winds. This variety is planted according to generally accepted rules.

Growing Technology

It doesn't take long to grow Solaris grapes. You just need to follow a few simple rules.

Pruning the bush

Pruning of the bush is carried out in the third year after planting. The procedure is carried out in the fall, after the natural fall of the leaves, or in early spring. Pruning is necessary to improve the quality and size of the berries. Since the bush is vigorous, it is recommended to prune the leaves to air the bunches.

Irrigation

Water should be moderate. Excess water in the soil leads to cracking of grapes. In the future, infection of the damaged berry with rot may occur. In a hot summer, one and a half buckets of water must be poured under one bush. Watering is done once every seven days, after the heat decline, twice a month.

Fertilizer

You can feed the bush twice a season. The first top dressing with organic fertilizer is done in the spring, during the swelling of the kidneys. Secondary fertilization occurs in the middle of summer, with potash fertilizers, for better ripening of berries.

Cure for diseases

Solaris grapes are quite resistant to various diseases. It does not require preventive treatment. But improper care can lead to infection of grapes with gray rot. To prevent this from happening, timely pruning of the bush is carried out, for better ventilation of the clusters. It is important not to overmoisten the soil.

We fight pests

One of the dangerous pests is the grape mite. Infection occurs at the time of bud break. The pest enters the grape bush with a strong gust of wind, with the help of large insects, birds.The leaves are deformed, acquire a brown tint, covered with a white gossamer. These signs indicate the infection of the vineyard. To combat this pest, it is necessary to treat the plant with acaricides. Damaged parts are removed before processing.

Wasps and birds are no less dangerous for grapes, they are attracted by the sweet juice and pleasant aroma of berries. Each bunch of grapes is protected by a mesh bag.

Preparing the bush for winter

In regions where the temperature does not fall below thirty degrees, the grapes are not covered. In other cases, the shrub should be protected from severe frosts. After harvesting the grapes, it is necessary to prune the bush, treat it with copper sulphate. Lay the prepared vine in a shallow trench, sprinkled with leaves, cover with a wooden shield on top.

After the first frost, the shield is covered with a film, sprinkled with earth on top, spread a layer of straw.

Collecting, storing and applying the harvest

Solaris grape variety is very early, harvesting starts at the end of August. At home, the berry can be stored for up to three months. Harvested in dry weather.

Undamaged bunches are put in a special fruit box, in one layer. Then they are stored in a dry room with a temperature within four degrees. Grapes can be consumed fresh, made into fragrant, he althy juice or white wine.

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