Apple Freshness: description and characteristics of the variety, features of planting and care

Gardeners are constantly in search of the perfect fruit trees for the site. Each of them wants to have a variety that is easy to care for, and he will regularly produce a crop. If the selection of a tree does not end in any way, you should pay attention to the Freshness apple variety. The tree is a wonderful combination of important characteristics of an apple tree for a gardener.

History of breeding apple trees Freshness

The variety belongs to late winter. Bred by Russian breeders in the 70s. The tree was obtained by crossing Antonovka (red barrel) and Welsey. The first crop was harvested in the 80s.

Variety Benefits

The tree has excellent immunity, which protects it from scab of leaves and fruits. Gardeners note the high commercial qualities of the fruit. The tree gives rich harvests of fragrant apples.

Culture characteristic

When designing a garden plot, such tree nuances as external data, crown height and diameter become important. A person is interested in describing the root system and productivity. Knowing these nuances will allow you to choose the best place on the site.

External data

The tree is medium in size compared to other apple varieties. The bark is brown and smooth to the touch. The branches are directed to the sky. Dark green oval leaves.

The green mass stands out in volume, and the plate in the center is concave and wrinkled. Small brown shoots. White inflorescences have pink stripes.

Tree height

Apple subspecies Freshness are growing fast. They reach a height of 4-7 m. They are considered representatives of the medium-sized group.

Crown diameter

In most cases - 5-6 m, but the figure varies depending on the height of the tree. The crown has an average density and a rounded shape. The branches are compact and directed upwards.

Root system

This part of the tree is the most developed. It is located 1 m deep into the soil. The roots are elastic and absorb nutrients and moisture well.

Features of yield

To get delicious apples at the end of the season, the tree must go through the fruiting stage. It all starts with pollination, and ends with the collection of fruits. In recent years, the yield of the variety has increased 3 times.

Beginning of fruiting

The apple tree gives the first harvest on the 5-9th year after planting.

Pollinator varieties

Freshness needs cross-pollination. Any variety will do for this.

The period of flowering and ripening of apples

The first flowers appear in June. Technical ripeness comes at the end of September. Apples ripen from November to May.

Harvest and use of crops

The fruits are picked from the tree in September. This is done carefully so as not to damage the stem. For this purpose, use scissors or a knife.

Dried fruits are made from fruits, they are used to make low-alcohol drinks. Freshness is perfect for making canned jams, juices and compotes.

Taste and nutritional values of the product

Fine-grained flesh has a greenish tinge. The structure is dense, but easily splits upon impact. Juicy and has a slight apple flavor. The taste of apples is sweet and sour. The fruits contain many vitamins, pectin, saccharides, acids and other elements. Apples also contain P-active substances.

Storage duration of fruits

Freshness is not a variety that can be eaten straight from the tree. To be suitable for consumption, they must rest for some time. Become mature by November. Due to the ability to be stored for a long time, the fruits remain juicy until May.

Technical parameters of the apple tree

Not only professionals, but also beginners in gardening are interested in these nuances.

Susceptibility to diseases and pests

The tree shows resistance to bacterial and fungal diseases. Rarely affected by scab.

Freeze resistant

Freshness - an apple variety that is frost-resistant. Trees perfectly tolerate the cold season in the middle lane. They are not afraid of sudden changes in temperature.

Growth area

The most suitable region for growing is central Russia. Adapted to development in places with a temperate climate. Will tolerate drought more easily if regular watering is provided by humans.

Planting technique

The normal development of the tree depends on the correctness of its implementation.

Preparing seedlings and soil

If possible, it is recommended to choose seedlings of two years of age with an open root system. They quickly take root in the soil. Landing pit preparation is a must. Hole dimensions - 80 x 100 cm, the bottom of which is covered with drainage.

Timing and planting technology

The best time for planting is mid-spring (April). The boarding process is fast. A seedling is placed in the hole next to the peg. The soil is mixed with organic matter and the tree is covered. The root collar should be 5 cm from the surface.

How to care for planted trees

After compaction of the top layer of soil, the planting is watered with plenty of water. To protect a young tree from pests, they spray with Epin or Zircon.

Recommendations for caring for an adult apple tree

Procedures are easy to follow. A person is required to regularly monitor the appearance of the tree. Over time, the gardener will independently determine what procedure the apple tree needs.

Irrigation Regularity

Must perform in hot weather.

Feeding

Fertilizers are applied 3 years after planting the seedling. The scheme is as follows:

1. Autumn is organic. They are distributed over the area near the trunk and deepen as a result of loosening.
2. Spring - mineral. Urea is introduced into open ground.
3. Beginning of budding - with potassium and phosphorus content.

The last procedure is repeated at the time of fruit set.

Soil loosening

Considered mandatory and held in spring, fall and after fertilization.

Formation of the correct crown

Doing it 2 years after landing. As soon as warm weather sets in in the spring, it is recommended to prune. To be deleted:

• old branches;
• shoots that grow inside the crown;
• branches on which ovaries do not form.

Pruning is also necessary for those that have been damaged over the winter.

Preventive treatments

Root shoots are removed without fail. Every autumn the trunks are whitewashed with lime. Digging up tree trunks is considered a preventive measure.

Preparing for winter

During the first 5 years after planting, it is recommended to tie the trunks with spruce branches. This will protect the bark from rodents. With the first frosts, tree trunks are mulched with compost or humus.

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