Aport apple tree: description and characteristics of the variety, features of planting and care

Aport is an ancient apple variety. The mention dates back to the twelfth century. The variety is famous for its large carmine-colored fruits with an amazing smell and taste. Now all over the world, its varieties are more common, differing in other characteristics. In Soviet times, wonderful fragrant apples were delivered to the Kremlin from Kazakhstan's Alma-Ata.

History of breeding Aport

The place and time of the appearance of Aport is not known for certain. The variety came to the central part of Russia in the fifteenth century, receiving the name Aport Alexander. More often grows in the southern regions of the Middle Strip.It is believed that today the purity of the variety is lost. Now it is a variety type of several varieties of apple trees.

Characteristic

Aport is known all over the world. About forty varieties and clones have been produced from it. It is considered a symbol of the city of Alma-Ata, the former capital of Kazakhstan.

External description of tree and crown

The tree grows above average height, with a strong crown, with a large number of branches, the crown reaches ten meters in diameter. Young shoots are pencil-thin, slightly brown.

In what areas grows

One of the leading varieties of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. It grows in many countries of the world. It was first brought to Poland. Then - to France, Canada, England. After the conquest of Europe, apple trees appeared in the United States.

The lifespan of a tree

With proper care and agricultural technology, the apple tree bears fruit for up to forty years. Fruiting can be extended with anti-aging pruning.

Frost resistance

The variety does not tolerate low temperatures well. Therefore, it is grown in the southern regions. There winter is not long, with average temperatures, hot, long summer. Growing in the northern regions is possible on winter-hardy rootstocks.

Immunity

The Aport apple tree has very weak immunity to various types of diseases. The tree must be constantly sprayed for prevention.

Ripening dates and yields

Apple tree late autumn ripening. The crop is harvested in mid-autumn, a year later. One hundred and fifty kilograms of apples are harvested from an adult tree.

Taste and nutritional qualities of the fruit

Apples are quite sweet, with a slight sourness. The pulp is very juicy, with a pleasant smell. The fruit contains many useful components and trace elements.

Pollinator varieties

In order for the harvest to be plentiful every year, one of the pollinator varieties must be planted next to the Aport variety:

• Shield;
• Memory;
• Esaul;
• Prikubanskoe.

Pros and cons of the view

The main advantage of this variety are the fruits. Ripe apples are very large, fragrant, with a delicious taste. You can store them for several months. The disadvantage is weak immunity to rot and scab. Also, the average resistance to frost is considered a minus.

How to plant an apple tree

First of all, choose a suitable place for the seedling. The apple tree needs a lot of light and draft protection.

Date of planting

The apple tree is planted in the middle of spring. Before the onset of cold weather, it will take root and gain strength.

Preparing young seedlings

If the seedling is a little dry, its roots must be immersed in water for a day. Before planting, you need to carefully examine the root system. Damaged, frozen, rotten roots must be cut off, and the cut point should be treated with clay slurry.

Soil composition and planting pattern

It is necessary to dig a hole 70 centimeters deep. The resulting soil is mixed with organic fertilizer. At the bottom of the hole, place a medium stone, drainage, in a small layer. In the middle of the hole, install a seedling, fill it with prepared soil. The root neck for three centimeters should remain on the surface.

Caring for a young tree

The main condition for caring for a young tree is timely watering. The soil around the trunk should be moist. The first watering is done with water at room temperature. Fertilizers should be applied two years after planting the seedling. In autumn, it is better to add organic fertilizer to the apple tree, in spring, give preference to mineral.

Agricultural rules for an adult apple tree

Following simple rules, you can achieve a high yield of quality fruits.

Irrigation Regularity

During the dry summer, the apple tree is abundantly watered twice a week.

Fertilizer

It is necessary to fertilize twice a year - in spring and autumn. In the spring, during the rainy season, when the humidity of the air rises, 600 grams of urea are distributed under the tree. Ammonium nitrate will also be a useful fertilizer. Forty grams of s altpeter dissolved in ten liters of water.

In autumn, dissolve 30 grams of potassium, 60 grams of double superphosphate, 30 grams of calcium in a bucket of water. The solution is used to feed one tree.

Prophylactic spraying

To protect the fruits from infection with rot, preventive spraying with colloidal sulfur is carried out. Another tool that will help prevent the appearance of rot fungus is a suspension of karbofos. It is enough to dilute one hundred grams of any drug in a bucket of water and spray the tree.

Also, green aphids may appear on the apple tree. In the fight against this pest, a 0.3% solution of Entobacterin will help - dilute thirty grams in ten liters of water.

Shaping

A mature tree needs annual pruning. Molding should be carried out in early spring or late autumn, after harvesting. The tree is freed from dry, damaged, non-fruiting branches.

Preparing for winter

In order for a tree to be prepared for winter, it must be:

1. Water well throughout the growing season.
2. After harvesting, feed with mineral fertilizers.
3. Dig up the soil around the apple tree, after removing the grass.
4. Treat the barrel with a solution based on copper sulphate.
5. Cover the trunk circle with a ten-centimeter layer of gravel or spruce branches.
6. Insulate the trunk with burlap.

Subspecies and characteristics of apple trees

Subspecies of the Aport variety were bred using a rootstock. New varieties designed to grow better in other regions.

Dubrovsky

A 2.5 meter high apple tree tolerates low temperatures very well. It adapts well to difficult climates. Begins to bear fruit quickly after planting. Due to large fruits and abundant fruiting, the branches of the tree break. To avoid this, supports are installed in advance.

Aleksandrovsky

Aport Aleksandrovsky is famous for its harvest. Apples are very large, one fruit reaches three hundred grams. This variety is hard to find because it is almost lost, but great efforts are being made to revive it.

Almaty

This subspecies of Aport grows in Kazakhstan. This variety of apple trees is grown in the mountains. The fruits retain their unique taste almost until May.

Pushkinsky

The variety was bred for growing fruits in the Moscow region, normally tolerates low temperatures. After planting in the ground, the tree brings the first crop in the sixth year. Apples are very fragrant, large, pleasant to taste.

White

The apple tree is distinguished by the light color of apples with a reddish tinge. In the cut, the fruit is pinkish in color. Well kept.

Kuban

Apples ripen in September and keep for two months. The variety is resistant to diseases, tolerates frost well.

Blood Red

The tree reaches six meters in height, has an average frost resistance. The crop is harvested in mid-autumn. Apples are very fragrant, juicy, sweet.

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