Uralets apple tree: variety description and species characteristics, cultivation and care

Breeding methods mix apple varieties with the best qualities and produce results that are superior to the originals. In this way, the Uralets variety was obtained - an apple tree with a set of exceptional advantages. Uralets is grown in the garden plots of amateurs, as well as on an industrial scale, over vast territories. It has similarities with related cultures, as well as distinctive features.

History of variety breeding

The species was obtained in the middle of the last century, at the horticultural station Sverdlov of the research institute of the same name. It took several years of work to obtain the variety.

Research conducted by a group of gardeners, 3 varieties were used for crossing:

• Pink Striped Anise;
• Saratovskaya Ukrainka;
• Chinese Stencil.

Pros and cons

Advantages of the variety: resistance to low temperatures, stable yield. The disadvantage is the small size of the fruit, instability to fungal diseases.

Biological features of culture

Uralets is endowed with the qualities of a winter-hardy variety, has characteristic features, suitable for planting in several zones of Russia. The description of the variety takes into account all the characteristics, according to which gardeners make a choice.

Trunk height

Trees of the variety reach 5 meters. They can be shaped like shrubs for easy maintenance and care.

Crown size

The crown of the tree fits snugly to the trunk, in natural growth approaches the pyramidal type. The leaves cover the branches densely, richly. The branches at the lower levels are horizontal to the ground, towards the top they become vertical to the trunk.

Root system

Uralets has developed strong roots that go into the soil, holding the apple tree.

Leaves and fruits

Leaf size is described as medium; they are dense, have a matte color. Edged with teeth.

Annual growth

With proper care, the growth of young branches is from 50 to 70 centimeters.

Specifications

The types of crops that are suitable for a particular area are selected according to technical parameters.

Frost resistance

This sign is one of the most important for those who are going to plant apple trees. Cold tolerance is important for any variety. Uralets crossed with species that had different indicators for this type. He himself received high marks for this parameter, can withstand from -30 to -40 degrees.

Immunity to diseases and pests

Resistance to scab and fungal diseases is considered average. After careful processing with special means, the variety becomes resistant to these diseases. The apple tree is susceptible to codling moth lesions.

Frequency of fruiting

The apple tree begins to bear fruit 4 or 5 years after planting. Abundantly fructifies after 6-7 years of life. The peak passes by the age of 40-50.

Maximum age

Trees of this species are able to live for about 100 years. Given that the variety is classified as a fruit crop, the average age is artificially reduced to 70-80 years.

Reproduction

Uralets can be distributed in several ways:

• grafting;
• seedling method;
• seeds.

For rootstock it is recommended to choose wild varieties.

All about yields

Yield is one of the main characteristics of any variety.

When the tree begins to bear fruit

Full fruiting is expected from a tree only after 5-6 years, in some cases it may be a year late.

Pollination and flowering

The variety belongs to those that cannot self-pollinate. Reproduction requires pollen from the second apple tree. Experts recommend using a variety that is close in terms of performance: Bulk Ural.

The flowering period is at the end of May. The summer period is enough for complete pollination, fruit ripening. The flowers of the apple tree are white, medium-sized. Flowering - plentiful.

Terms of fruit ripening

Fruiting begins in early or mid-September. The time period may vary depending on local conditions. The fruits pull the branches to the ground, but rarely fall themselves.

Collecting and using apples

Collection is carried out in dry weather, in the afternoon. The conditions allow avoiding excessive moisture, which can significantly spoil the preparation for storage. The fruits are suitable for making compotes, complement assorted jams, and are used to make fresh desserts.

Tasting qualities

Taster evaluation of a variety is a common procedure that involves comparison with many related crops. The Uralian received a score of 4.2 points.

Apple fruits are considered tasty, juicy, sweet. The disadvantage may be the size of an average apple, it reaches 80 grams.

Frequency of fruiting

A tree can bear fruit every year. It is necessary to average the number of ovaries on the branches to avoid too large a crop. This method will avoid alternating large and small type of yield.

How to plant and grow an apple tree

Amateur gardeners often choose a variety to plant but do not fully understand the requirements for growing the crop.

Tips for choosing and preparing seedlings

Seedlings are purchased from trusted sellers. In addition, it is recommended to choose two-year-old seedlings, they are able to take root in a shorter time. The roots of seedlings must be cleared of debris and dead areas.

Choosing the best seat

The apple tree is planted where it will have the opportunity to receive the necessary pollination. An interval of 6-7 meters must be observed between species.

Optimal timing

It is better to plant a variety in the fall, but you can do it in the spring. Spring planting period: end of April, until the end of May-beginning of June. At the end of summer, after cleaning the territory, seedlings are planted until the end of October.

Disembarkation scheme and dimensions of the landing pit

The pit for planting is prepared in advance. In autumn, it should be dug out 1-1.5 months before the start of the procedure. The depth of the pit should not be less than 50 centimeters, it is adjusted according to the size of the rhizome. The width should not be more than 50 centimeters, when planting neighboring trees, the count starts from the extreme border.

Step by step planting process

Planting begins with the preparation of seedlings:

1. The roots are spreading.
2. In the pit they put a support up to 1.5 meters high.
3. The seedling is placed in the hole, covered with soil.
4. The earth is rammed, a trench is organized around the planting, spilled.

Features of seasonal care

For growth and development, it is necessary to carefully care for the culture.

Soil care

The soil is watered and fed in a timely manner.

Irrigation of the tree

The tree does not like drought, requires regular watering. Depending on the conditions, gardeners choose the frequency of watering, but it should not be less than once a month.

Foliar and root top dressing

The roots are fed: in the spring - with urea, and in the fall - with the help of phosphates.

Prevention from diseases and pests

To prevent the appearance of fungal infections and to repel pests, trees are treated with karbofos.

Crown formation

The branches are pruned for the growth and development of the tree. The technique is traditional, the branches are cut after 3-4 buds.

Mulching and winterizing

The variety is considered one of the most frost-resistant, the only requirement for crop maintenance in winter is soil mulching. Any materials are suitable for this.

Subspecies

There are varieties of the crop that can be selected for planting based on weather conditions.

Half culture

Feature - small and juicy fruits of a reddish-green hue. This type is suitable for regions of Siberia, as it is resistant to low temperatures.

Dwarf

This type is suitable for large garden plots that have many species on the farm. Trees take up little space, give a good harvest.

Stamp

The variety can be formed as a standard. This is a type of apple tree that has a bare part of the trunk, a crown formed in the shape of a ball.

Autumn Yellow

The trees are stunted, but they have an advantage over many other Ural varieties: they give a high yield with minimal care.

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