Pear Conference: variety description and characteristics, planting and care with photo

Conference pear has been cultivated by gardeners for over 100 years. It is an autumn commercial cultivar bred in England. It is intended for countries with a warm climate, in which summers are warm, autumns are long, and winters are mild. Climatic factors influence productivity. The sweetest fruits grow if the summer is warm, humid.

Description and characteristics of pear Conference

The height of the tree depends on the type of scion. Conference cuttings are grafted onto tall varieties of pears or quince. In the first case, trees of 5-8 meters in height grow from seedlings, in the second - lower, 2-4 meters. The shape of the crown is broad-pyramidal.It is dense, there are many leaves on the branches.

Frost resistance of buds, shoots is average, so gardeners should know where this variety can grow in Russia. The southern regions of the country (Crimea, Krasnodar Territory) are suitable for cultivation, in the Moscow region it will freeze slightly.

Attempts to acclimatize the Conference in the cold climate of the middle lane fail.

Everyone knows the sweet taste of fruits. They are always on sale in markets and supermarkets. Not everyone thinks about where they are brought to Russia from. The supplier can be either China or a European country (Moldova, Poland). Harvesting is carried out in September-October. In a cold summer, the harvest time is shifted to the end of October, in a warm summer - to the end of September.

Pear fruit characteristics Conference:

• pulp is granular, light yellow (creamy), sweet in taste, containing a large amount of juice;
• weight from 100 to 250 g;
• pear shape, elongated;
• skin colored green, covered with brown spots.

Pears are one-dimensional, hang firmly on the stalks, do not crumble. A tasting assessment of taste qualities was carried out, according to its results, the Conference received a score of 4.8. The fruits have a table purpose, are stored for a long time, and are transported well. They are preferred to be consumed fresh or for making desserts.

Suitable region and climate

Information about the conference pear can be found in the State Register. The variety was included in 2014. There is only one region of admission - the North Caucasus. Includes:

• Stavropol, Krasnodar region;
• Rostov region;
• of the Republic of the Caucasus.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

Yield indicators (stability, volume)Shoots, buds freeze if winter temperatures drop below -20 °C Taste Pollinators not needed Long-term storage, during which the fruits do not lose consumer properties

Description of advantages	List of disadvantages
Need good weather for delicious fruit
Spots on the skin impair presentation
Low resistance to pathogens of fungal diseases

Boarding rules

The tree can bear fruit without pollinators, the pollen of the variety is viable. Conference seedlings are planted in the same way as other pear varieties in sunny places.

Seedling selection

When buying a seedling, a thorough inspection of all parts is carried out. External signs of a he althy plant:

• three skeletal branches;
• root length of at least 30 cm;
• trunk covered with smooth bark.

To restore the overdried root system, seedlings are placed in a container of water overnight on the eve of planting. If planting is delayed for a long time, the roots are dipped in a mash. It is kneaded from clay, manure, water in the ratio 1:2:6.

Date of planting

Heat-loving plant. It is grown in warm climates, so Conference seedlings are planted in spring and autumn. The requirement for exact planting dates determines the presence of sap flow. It should be missing.

Pear Conditions

Conference seedlings are planted only in sunny areas with low groundwater. Of the soils, the pear prefers loose loams, chernozems, and forest gray soils. For the conference pear, the optimal soil pH level is from 5 to 6.5.

Culture does not like cold north winds. Seedlings planted in a draft, take root for a long time, develop slowly.

Distance norms

In amateur orchards, Conference pear trees are planted 5 meters from tall buildings and other trees. When planting a large number of seedlings, adhere to the scheme of 3 x 6 meters. Industrial gardens use a denser planting of 2.5 x 3.5 m.

Step by step process

The pear is a long-liver, so much attention is paid to the preparation of the landing site. The composition of the soil for backfilling the planting pit is improved. Sandy soil is weighted by adding clay, heavy soil is loosened with peat. To increase fertility contribute:

• humus;
• superphosphate;
• ash.

Pits are dug with a diameter of 0.8 m, a depth of 0.6 to 0.8 m.On light soil, its volume should not be less than 1.5 m³. Before planting, a 10 cm layer of drainage (gravel, crushed stone, pebbles) or clay is poured onto the bottom, if the soil is sandy. A hill is formed from the prepared soil mixture in the center of the pit. Immediately drive in a stake for the garter of a young plant.

The seedling is placed next to the support, the roots are straightened along the sides of the mound and covered tightly with soil mixture. The root neck is not deepened. It should be above the ground (5-7 cm). The trunk of a tree is tied with a soft rope to a support. Form a hole around it. Fill it with water. Watering is repeated after the water is absorbed, the earth settles. The trunk circle is mulched with humus. At the seedling, the skeletal branches are shortened by ⅓ of a dyne and the central shoot is shortened to a height of 0.6-0.8 m.

Self-fertility and pollinators

Self-fertility of the variety Conference at the level of 40%. Fruit set is increased by planting pears in the garden that bloom at the same time as the Conference:

• Chizhovskaya;
• Williams;
• Clapp's favorite;
• Good Louise;
• Take care.

The variety itself is a pollinator for some varietal pears, it is planted next to Kucheryanka, Striyskaya, Hoverla.

Pear care

The better the care is organized, the higher the productivity of the pear Conference.

Irrigation rules and regulations

The variety does not like drought - the fruits become smaller, taste qualities suffer. Due to the drying of the soil, the tree can drop the ovary (fruits). From spring to autumn, the Conference is watered up to 12 times. Their frequency and abundance depend on weather conditions. In industrial gardens organize drip irrigation. In the country, single trees are moistened with a hose. To save water, tree trunks are mulched. To increase the winter hardiness of the fruit tree in October-November, abundant moisture-charging watering is carried out.

Introducing nutrients

Young pears are not fed for the first 2 years. During this period, organic and mineral fertilizers are put into the pit during planting. Starting from the age of three, the Conference is fed annually.

Applying method Foliar spray Mullein infusionWater is diluted at a ratio of 1:10, consumption 1 l/m² AutumnSuperphosphateDry granules are scattered around the trunk circle, consume 30 g/m², soil after this is loosened, watered

Early spring	Urea	Dry granules along the perimeter of the trunk circle, consumption 20 g/macids (0.2 g/l)
	3 feeding from June to August
	Potassium monophosphate	20 g is dissolved in water (10 l), one bucket is designed for 1 m² of the trunk circle

Crown Shaping

The crown is formed during the first 5 years. For the Conference on tall scions, a sparse-tiered form is recommended. If the seedling is obtained by grafting on quince, then the principles of cup-shaped formation are followed. If Conference pears are grown on a trellis, then the crown is formed in the form of a palmette. To maintain the desired density of the crown, regulating pruning is carried out. It is especially relevant for trees on low-growing grafts. Spend it in the spring. Cut out excess shoots directed inside the crown.

In summer, young shoots are minted (shortened by 5 cm). This method stimulates the formation of an additional number of fruit branches, works for the next year's harvest. Sanitary pruning is carried out in late autumn and early spring. All damaged shoots are cut from the tree.

Preparing for winter

Grow pear Conference in the south. Winters there are not severe, but dangerous thaws. While the tree is young, the trunk is covered with reeds, spruce branches or burlap for the winter. Covering materials must be breathable so that the trunk of a young tree does not dry out during thaws.

Possible diseases and probable pests

Pear The conference needs preventive measures. In their absence, there is a risk of disease. Trees can hit:

• moniliosis;
• rust;
• soot fungus.

The recommended scheme of work is shown in the table.

Treatment of crowns, tree trunks with 3% solution of copper sulfateSpring (early) Trapping belts are put on the trunks

Season	Type of work
Autumn	Cleaning the area from plant debris, roots of perennial weeds
	Washing of skeletal branches, trunk
	Digging between rows
Processing the crown with a pesticide solution

From insect pests to the conference pear attack:

• flower beetle;
• codling moth;
• aphid.

Harvest and storage of crops

In mid-September, fruits that have reached technical ripeness begin to be harvested. They are cut off with their hands along with the petioles. Up to 45 kg are harvested from one fruit-bearing tree. When stored in a cool room, the taste of the pulp is revealed for the better. It becomes grainy and sweet.

Storage requirements:

• use wooden and plastic containers;
• keep the air temperature around 2 °C;
• humidity in the room is about 85%.

Subject to the above conditions, Conference pear fruits can be stored for 5 months. Amateur gardeners get stable crops of Conference pear with quality care for fruit trees.The right choice of planting site has a great influence on the longevity of a tree.

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