The best varieties of plums for the Moscow region: a description with a photo, planting and growing

The best varieties of plums for the regions of the Moscow region differ in a number of characteristics. Hybrids are medium, short and tall. The climate of the Moscow region is perfect for plum trees. You can find winter-hardy and high-yielding crop varieties.

The best varieties of plums for the Moscow region

Before buying plum varieties for the Moscow region, it is important to study the description and characteristics of candidate hybrids. To find out which species are best to plant in this region, it is important to highlight frost-resistant hybrids. This criterion is considered the most important. You can see the varieties zoned for the area.

Medium height

Medium-sized plum varieties are suitable for growing in small plots or in gardens where many fruit crops are already growing. Medium-sized hybrids do not take up much space, but at the same time give a rich harvest annually.

Yakhontovaya

The tree of this hybrid grows up to 4-5 m. Yakhontovaya belongs to yellow-fruited varieties characterized by large fruits. Among the advantages of Yakhontova are frost resistance, which is very important when growing in the Moscow region, and productivity. Subject to the minimum rules of agricultural technology, up to 70 kg can be harvested from a tree.

Mara

By the age of 2-3 years, the Mara plum reaches a height of about 3 m. It is worth noting that this variety belongs to the cherry plum. The crown is spreading and thickened. Mara is able to tolerate frosts down to -35 degrees. The downside of the tree is its low resistance to drought.If the heat lasts for several days, cherry plum feels comfortable. And if the drought lasts more than a week, the tree needs additional watering. The variety is productive, the fruits are tasty and sweet.

Korneevskaya

Plum Korneevskaya belongs to varieties with blue fruits. The fruits are conical in shape, the skin is covered with a white waxy coating, which stands out well against the blue skin. The pulp is juicy, with a sour taste. Korneevskaya refers to self-fertile hybrids that do not require proximity to pollinating plums. The yield is high. Even at the age of 10 years, a tree is capable of yielding up to 30 kg. Among plum tree hybrids, this result is very good for mature plants.

Renklod collective farm

The fruits of the Renklod collective farm hybrid are sweet, but there is a bitter taste that many may not like. The color of the skin is green-yellow. Even at the stage of technical maturity, it seems that the fruits have not yet ripened.

Short and columnar

Dwarf varieties of plums are suitable for small summer cottages, because they do not take up much space. Another advantage of such varieties is that the trees do not need frequent pruning.

Columnar varieties of plum trees have recently become popular, but have already managed to fall in love with summer residents of the Moscow region.

Imperial

The tree is small, the maximum height does not exceed 2 m, the trunk during fruiting is completely covered with purple-red fruits. Fruits of the correct oval shape, no wax coating is observed on the skin. The flesh is of a rich yellow hue, sour in taste, but at the stage of full maturity, the sourness is not pronounced. The average fruit weight is about 60 g.

Orlovskaya dream

Hybrid Orlovskaya dream refers to Chinese varieties.Plum fruiting begins in the 3rd year after planting the seedling. The tree begins to bloom in early May. Inflorescences have a strong aroma. On average, the height of the trunk does not exceed 3 meters. The pulp is dense and fibrous in structure, with a large number of veins. Tastes sweet and sour.

Red balloon

A low tree with an average crown load. The fruits have a red-orange skin, oval shape. There is an intense coating on the peel. The Red Ball begins to bear fruit in the 2-3rd year after planting. Yields are plentiful every year.

Vigorous varieties

The vigorous ones have one major drawback - they are not suitable for growing in small areas. These varieties of plums grow up to an average of 5 m. In addition, due to the rapid growth of plants, they have to be cut almost every year.

To know which variety to plant, you need to study the most common varieties.

Egg Blue

On average, the Egg-blue plum variety grows up to 5 m. The crown is wide, thickened and strongly leafy. The plum got its name due to the shape of the fruit. The fruits are small, weight is about 30 g. The pulp is juicy and sugary. Abdominal suture slightly pronounced.

Early beyond the river

The fruits of the Zarechnaya early plum are large, but there are also small fruits. The skin is light blue with a thick wax coating. The pulp, like most plum hybrids, is juicy, sugary. It is not difficult to separate the seed from the pulp. Zarechnaya early refers to early varieties, and harvesting begins in July.

Precocious

The crown of this hybrid is wide and strongly leafy. The plant blooms the earliest, in early May. Flowering is plentiful. Fruits with a pronounced ventral suture, not large, weighing about 30 g.

Traveler

Cherry plum Traveler is characterized by a sprawling branched crown. The skin at the stage of technical maturity acquires a purple hue. Fruits are small, weight is from 19 to 28 g.

Self-fertile

The advantage of self-fertile varieties is that even under unfavorable conditions for pollination, these varieties give a good harvest. However, if you plant pollinating hybrids in your garden, the yield will increase significantly.

Hungarian Korneevskaya

The disadvantage of the Hungarian Korneevskaya is that only in the 6th year after planting the seedling does the fruiting become stable. But after 6 years, up to 50 kg of fruits are harvested from the tree. The fruits are large, the pulp is rich orange in color.

Blue bird

A medium-sized plant, it grows up to 2-3 m in height. The shape of the fruit is oval-elongated, the weight is approximately 30-45 g. The advantages of the Bluebird are frost resistance and immunity to diseases of fruit trees.

Representatives of late ripeness

Among the late plum varieties are:

• President - the hybrid begins to ripen in the second decade of September.
• Empress - fruits begin to ripen in mid-September. High resistance to fungal diseases and pests.

The advantage of late plum hybrids is the long shelf life of fruits after harvest.

Sweet varieties

The most delicious plum hybrids:

• Volga beauty - the taste of dessert fruits.
• Ochakovskaya yellow - late fruiting (on the 7-9th year).
• Golden large - the fruits are not only sweet, but also large. The mass of fruits is about 50 g.
• Firefly - fruiting begins in the 3-4th year after planting the seedling. The fruits are large, the pulp is sugary.

Sweet plum varieties are mostly suitable for fresh consumption.

Self-pollinated

Self-pollinating varieties have one big advantage over other types of plums - you don't have to plant pollinating trees side by side. Among self-pollinated hybrids, there are:

• Black Tulskaya - this variety gives a bountiful harvest every year, even without the proximity to pollinators. Black Tula belongs to blue-fruited species. The fruits are oval-elongated, the skin is covered with a thick wax coating. The pulp is sugary, the seed is easily separated.
• Prunes - this variety of plum was obtained by crossing thornospliv and cherry plum. The peel of the fruit is blue, with a waxy coating, giving the fruit a bitter taste. The pulp is juicy, the seed is separated easily. Plum Prunus belongs to late self-pollinated varieties.Harvest until the end of September.
• In memory of Timiryazev - this variety was obtained by crossing the variety Victoria and Skorospelka Krasnaya. Plum Memory Timiryazev is considered one of the oldest and most popular species among summer residents.

Self-pollinating varieties are often planted as pollinators for barren ones.

High Yielding

Every summer resident dreams of finding the highest yielding plum hybrid:

• Bogatyrskaya - up to 70 kg of fruits are harvested from one adult tree. Fruits are large, weighing 90 g.
• Svetlana - the yield is about 60 kg. Dessert plums with sweet pulp.

You can increase the yield of any variety by applying fertilizing to the soil.

Large-fruited

Large-fruited include:

• Jefferson - the fruits of this hybrid reach a weight of 60-70 g.
• Memory of Babylon - average fruit weight is 80-90 g. The yield of this variety is also high.
• Mashenka - fruits reach a weight of about 85 g. The skin is red-lilac, the flesh is sweet, with a touch of sourness.

Large-fruited varieties are versatile in use and most often have high palatability.

Yellow plum varieties

All varieties of yellow plum are sweeter than blue plums:

• Honey - fruits reach technical maturity in July-August. Fruits weighing 30-55 g.
• Yellow Afaska - the harvest begins to ripen in August-September. The tree is tall.

Cherry plum varieties are also classified as yellow-fruited varieties.

Early

Early ripe varieties of plums ripen in summer around July:

• Cooperative - the yield per tree is approximately 40-45 kg. The fruits are large, on average, the weight reaches up to 55 g. They ripen in the second half of July.
• July - up to 15 kg of crop can be harvested from a tree per season. The fruits are not too large, weighing from 30 to 40 g. The July begins to bear fruit in the 3rd year after planting the variety.

Despite the fact that the early varieties ripen in early summer, the harvested crop is not stored for a long time.

Later

Fruit ripening in late plums begins in early September. It continues until October.

Better late-ripening varieties of plums:

• Stanley - the fruits of this variety are purple. Harvest ripening begins in early September. The advantages of Stanley are resistance to frost and drought. Self-fertile hybrid, President and Empress plums are planted as pollinators.
• Hungarian Italian - characterized by medium resistance to frost and disease. The fruits are large, mass ripening begins in September. The pulp is yellow-green in color, sugary, there is a taste of sourness. Hungarian Italian fruit can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 1 month.

The advantage of late varieties is that the harvested crop is stored for a long time.

New breeding species

Each year, breeders create more and more new varieties of plums by crossing old ones or improving them.

New breeding species of plums:

• Tatar yellow - fruits are not large, weight is about 30-35 g. Frost resistance is average, the tree is able to survive not severe frosts.
• Morning - refers to hybrids with a medium early flowering period. The fruits ripen in mid-summer. Frost resistance is high. The fruits are not large, weight up to 40 g.

It should be noted that new plum varieties are not always better than old ones.

Features of plum cultivation in this region

Planting and caring for a plum in the Moscow region does not differ in any nuances. Growing plum trees in open ground means timely fertilizing, organizing watering and taking preventive measures against diseases and pests.

Irrigation is carried out four times a season, as well as fertilization:

• First time of the year, plums are irrigated during bud formation.
• Second - during flowering.
• Third time the plants are watered during the formation of ovaries.
• The last time before winter.

In the first half of the season, trees need nitrogen. Urea, ammonium sulfate, sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate are used as dressings. The main thing is not to combine the introduction of nitrogen with wood ash. This combination of top dressing contributes to the washing out of ammonia.

In the second half of the season, the soil is fertilized with potassium and phosphorus. Use superphosphate, potassium s alt, wood ash. From organic matter, manure, infusions based on weeds are introduced into the soil. As a preventive measure, spraying with copper-containing preparations is effective. Procedures are carried out in spring, before flowering, and in autumn, after harvest.

Recommended