Feeding plums in summer: rules and terms of application, how and with what to fertilize

Growing crops requires proper care, this includes fertilizing and watering plums in the summer. Such actions contribute to the harvest and rapid development of the plant. Proper fertilization will keep the crop he althy and the fruit with good taste.

How to identify macro or micronutrient deficiencies

Before you make a calendar for top dressing plums, you need to carefully study the condition of the plant and find out if this type of procedure is necessary. Deficiency of macro-, microelements in a stone tree is manifested as follows:

leaves on tree turning gray with brown trim;
rusty spots appear on leaves;
the tree does not produce young shoots;
fruits are damaged and crumble before ripening;
leaves roll up;
falling foliage and inflorescences;
fruits are small.

It is important to know how to feed the plum during fruit ripening without harm and reduce the taste of the fruit.

What is fed to a fruit tree

A fruit tree requires careful fertilization during the flowering period, you also need to know how to feed a plum tree with fruits. It is necessary to feed the plant in several stages so that the culture can consume all the necessary components.

Mineral top dressing for plums

The use of mineral supplements is most often used in the fall. Fertilizer allows you to endure the winter and develop immunity to diseases. Mineral supplements include:

superphosphate - can be of several types and is most often applied to the soil along with liquid;
potassium sulfate - used for all types of stone fruit trees;
dolomite flour - increases tree development and yield.

Feeding plums with minerals in summer and autumn is carried out taking into account the age of the tree.

Organic matter

Among organic fertilizers, a large number of substances can be used, such as:

wood ash - reduces acidity in the soil and increases resistance to disease;
bone meal - used to feed the tree in the summer, reduces the risk of putrefactive formations and improves the nutrition of the root system;
compost - used most often and can be used in summer and autumn, contains all the necessary elements for the development of culture.

Organic fertilizers contain a lot of nutrients and can restore the soil for the normal development and fruiting of the tree.

Folk remedies

Many gardeners use folk methods of plant nutrition, among which it is necessary to highlight:

yeast tincture - used for root dressing, activates the growth of new shoots;
lime - plum loves alkaline soil type, so the use of the substance reduces acidity;
bread tincture - breadcrumbs are infused for several hours, the resulting composition is mixed with water in a ratio of 1:3 and the plant is watered;
boric acid - eliminates diseases and promotes fruit development;
humus - used in autumn to strengthen the roots.

When choosing folk methods of fertilizing, it is necessary to take into account the type of soil, in some cases the use of substances that oxidize the soil can be harmful.

Fertilization methods

Depending on the problem and the period of fertilizer use, top dressing can be done in several ways.

Foliar top dressing

Fertilizer is sprayed on the leaves and shoots of the tree. Such fertilizer helps to eliminate crop diseases, and also saturates the shoots and buds with useful components, which increases fruiting. The foliar application method can be used in the spring or during the flowering period of the crop.

Root top dressing

Implies the introduction of useful components directly into the soil in the root area. To obtain a crop, it is necessary to feed plums up to 3 times a year, at different times of the year. Fertilizers are dissolved in water and watered on the tree.

Mandatory requirements for fertilization

The use of plum fertilizer requires following some rules, which include:

fertilize with liquid substances at a distance of 40-50 cm from the trunk;
dry useful components are introduced in the process of digging the soil, after which the root area must be poured abundantly with water;
manure is applied twice a year, the substance dissolves in water;
different types of fertilizers are added at intervals of at least 1 month.

Fertilize early in the morning or after sunset to prevent burns.

Feeding calendar by season

Fertilization must be done in a certain period of the year for the root to fully consume all the useful components.

Feeding a seedling up to one year

In the first year after planting, seedlings are not fed. Since the seedling has not completely taken root, and the presence of fertilizers in large quantities can harm the crop.

When the culture is not developing, the following types of substances can be used:

potash;
urea;
phosphate.

When planting a seedling, humus or peat is used, which is mixed with the soil and used to close the hole with the root.

Feeding plums under 3 years old

Plum is fed depending on the period, the following methods of introducing nutrients are distinguished:

Fertilization in early May. A urea solution is used, which is sprayed on the tree.
The second fertilization is in June. A solution of nitrophoska is used (3 g per liter of water).
At the end of summer, phosphate fertilizers must be applied by the root method.

Summer is the right time for the development of a young tree with the use of special additives.

Mature tree fertilizer

To increase the yield of plums, it is necessary to maintain a fertilizer application calendar. The following methods are distinguished:

Spring is the right time to add mineral components. Top dressing of plums in the spring is done using urea. For one tree, 30 grams of the substance and 10 liters of water should be mixed, applied by the root method.
Fruit ripening also requires the use of additives. A solution of nitroammophoska and urea is used in equal proportions (30 grams each), mixed with 10 liters of water. Using the solution, it is necessary to water the tree.
The last bait is in autumn. Potassium sulfate and superphosphate are used, which are mixed 30 grams in a bucket of water and the plant is watered after the harvest has passed.

Feeding an adult plum in summer helps prevent a large number of diseases and increase the resistance of the root to low temperatures.

The nuances of tree nutrition during the period of ovary and fruiting

Gardeners determine how to feed the plum, depending on the type of soil and the age of the crop. Many gardeners make mistakes that lead to plant death and reduced yields.

Before flowering

Flowering is one of the important stages in the formation of the crop. Before the appearance of buds, it is necessary to feed the plum with a mixture using manure and water in a ratio of 1: 2. The resulting slurry is poured over the area around the tree, while it is necessary to retreat 30 cm from the crown.

Before the appearance of inflorescences, a solution of urea is used, which is sprayed on the plant with the calculation of 10 liters per tree.

After the flowers fall

After the inflorescences fall, fertilization is carried out depending on the type of soil and crop variety.

The following features of fertilization are distinguished:

Mineral fertilizers are used to reduce diseases. The most commonly used manganese sulfate, which reduces the risk of spoiled plums and reduces chlorophyll formation. Potassium permanganate can be used as a foliar and root fertilizer.To prepare the solution, dilute 3 grams of the substance in a liter of warm water and mix with 10 liters of pure water.
After the flowers fall, organic fertilizers can be used, most commonly chicken manure.

Root top dressing of adult plums in June is carried out using s altpeter. Gardeners scatter the granules in the area of the root system and dig along with the soil. This will saturate the tree with useful substances for a long time.

During fruit ripening

It is very important to feed plums with fertilizers in July and August. When the fruits ripen, the tree spends a large amount of energy on the formation of the fruit. Very often, during this period, the leaves begin to turn yellow, and the tree is exposed to various diseases.

Before applying nutrients, carefully inspect the tree for signs of nutrient deficiencies. At the first symptoms, such as leaf fall, yellowing and falling off of unripe fruits, the following measures should be taken:

Use boric alcohol, which improves the taste of fruits and helps restore damaged shoots. To use, dilute 10 grams of acid in 8 liters of water and spray the plant.
July is a hot month, so humus and mulch with peat can be used to replenish nutrients.
Mineral composition - superphosphate can be used, applied to the soil and watered abundantly with water.
Ammonium nitrate - used with the calculation of 10 grams per square meter.

When choosing the means of fertilizing plums and other stone fruits in summer, it is necessary to take into account the variety of the crop, some species have certain preferences that are recommended to be observed.

After fruiting

The end of plum ripening depends on the variety and falls on August and September, after the culture has stopped fruit formation, care must be taken to accumulate strength for the winter period.

For this you need:

The soil around the tree is dug up, and a slurry of manure and water is introduced.
Using a solution of copper sulfate, diseases and larvae are eliminated. Vitriol can be applied as a root fertilizer to improve soil quality and reduce acidity. Apply 1 gram per square meter of soil.
After shedding leaves, the tree uses wood ash and humus.

Important. The use of copper sulfate is made without mixing with other substances, otherwise burns may remain on the shoots. The solution is sprayed or applied to the soil after sunset.

Autumn top dressing is a mandatory procedure that strengthens the culture and promotes the formation of new buds in the next season.

Plum is an unpretentious culture, and regardless of the variety, it requires simple care rules.However, in summer, especially for mature trees that grow in one place for a long time, it is necessary to saturate the soil with useful substances, in the absence of which the tree ceases to please the harvest and develop.