Finnish gooseberry: description of variety varieties, cultivation and reproduction with photo

Gooseberry is a common garden shrub with sweet and sour berries. For a long time, the problem was the susceptibility of gooseberries to powdery mildew and poor resistance to low temperatures in winter. Finnish breeders have developed varieties that can withstand both frost and powdery mildew. Common Finnish gooseberry varieties:

• Finnish Red - Hinnonmaki Rot;
• Finnish Yellow - Hinnonmaki Gelb;
• Finnish Green - Hinnonmaki Green.

Description of gooseberry Finnish

The choice of gooseberries is influenced by the gardener's personal preferences, varietal characteristics of bushes and berries, and ripening dates. Often the determining factor is the taste and color of the berries, as well as the size and thorniness of the bush.

Finnish Red Rot

Hinnonmaki Rot is one of the tastiest varieties, popularly called "northern grapes". Berries can be used fresh and for obtaining juices, wine material, jam. Productivity - up to 12 kg per bush.

Bush

Red gooseberry bushes grow up to 1.2 m high. They have exfoliating dark gray or dark brown bark. The bush is compact, but branched with a lot of needle-like thorns.

Leaves and flower stalks

Shortly pubescent dull green leaves have 3-5 lobes with blunt-toothed edges. Flowers bisexual, bloom in May. Flowers are arranged 2-3 in the axils of the leaves. Color have reddish or greenish.

Fruits

The berries of the Finnish red gooseberry have a smooth thin red-violet skin with light veins. They are spherical in shape, medium in size, slightly pubescent. The taste is sweet and sour, fragrant. The weight of berries is 5-10 g. They ripen at the end of July.

Finnish Yellow Gelb

Due to its frost resistance, Hinnonmaki Gelb is suitable for cultivation in the northern regions of Russia. Some gardeners consider its berries to be the standard gooseberry flavor.

Bush

The yellow Finnish gooseberry has a dense bush with branches covered with thorns. They are few, but they are prickly. The shrub is compact, about 1 m high and wide. The bush is fast growing. Grows 20-40 cm per year.

Leaves and flower stalks

Leaves are light green with 3-5 lobes. The flowers are bisexual, greenish, bloom in May.

Fruits

Yellow berries, smooth and thin skin. The shape is oval-round. Medium size, from 5 g. They have a taste reminiscent of apricot.

Finnish Green Green

Synonymous name for Hinnonmäki Grön. Gooseberries bear fruit profusely every year. Is a good honey plant.

Bush

Prickly bushes with dark gray or dark brown bark. They reach a height of 0.9-1.3 m. The crown is slightly spreading.

Leaves and flower stalks

Leaves are dull green, short-pubescent, three- or five-lobed. The flowers are yellow-green, bloom in May.

Fruits

Berries of olive color with veins, have an elongated oval shape. Their weight is 6-8 g. Berries are fragrant, sweet and sour taste with thin skin. Yields up to 9 kg per bush can be achieved.

Characteristics of the variety

Finnish gooseberry varieties - dessert, fast-growing, self-fertile. They bear fruit in the third year after planting. In terms of maturation, they belong to medium-late varieties. They are hardy, do not require special conditions for growing. You can achieve productivity up to 13 kg of berries from a bush. Finnish gooseberry tasting ball - over 4.5.

Main pros and cons

During the selection of Finnish varieties, resistance to many diseases characteristic of gooseberries has been achieved. They are highly resistant to powdery mildew, including spheroteca and mildew. Resistance to other fungal diseases is average.

Frost-resistant varieties. Withstand temperatures down to -30 degrees. They stably bear fruit, do not crumble with proper care, take root well. Berries are sweet, versatile in use.

Main flaws:

• thorniness;
• average size and weight of berries.

It is generally accepted that thorny varieties, which include the Finnish gooseberry, have sweeter berries than those without thorns.

How to grow a crop

To grow a he althy plant with high yields, you should not only follow the rules of planting, but also choose high-quality planting material and properly prepare the soil. The same recommendations apply for Finnish varieties as for other varieties.

Drop-off time

Finnish gooseberries can be planted in both spring and autumn. Autumn (until mid-October) is the preferred time for landing. Before the onset of frost, gooseberries form young roots, which contributes to better survival.

Due to early vegetation, spring planting time is limited to March - early April. When planted at a later date, the plants develop worse and begin to bear fruit later.

Soil preparation

The choice of planting site and soil preparation is one of the determining factors in the yield of Finnish gooseberry varieties. There are common rules for these varieties:

1. The landing site should be flat, well lit, moderately moist. A slope of 1-3 degrees is allowed. Groundwater occurrence - no closer than 1 m from the surface.
2. Row crops (corn, beets, potatoes), annual and perennial grasses, black fallow are considered good predecessors.
3. The variety is suitable for fertile loose loamy soils. Begin to prepare the soil should be 1-2 years before planting. To do this, they fight weeds, apply organic fertilizers, lime acidic soils.
4. In the year of planting in September, the soil is dug up with the application of organic fertilizers (compost or manure), superphosphate, potassium s alt. Green manure can be sown on the plot.

Planting in shady areas with high groundwater flow or in wetlands leads to poor development of the gooseberry and causes disease.

Selecting planting material

For planting, use he althy seedlings that meet the requirements:

• the ground part should consist of three strong shoots with a basal stem diameter of about 1 cm;
• the root system should be developed, the length of the roots is 20-30 cm.

High quality planting material is a prerequisite for good survival of the variety.

Boarding process

The planting process is common for gooseberries. Landing should be carried out in the following sequence:

1. Prepare furrows (width 40 cm, depth 25-30 cm) or pits (width 40 cm, length 30-50 cm, depth up to 40 cm). Form rows at a distance of 3-3.5 m from each other.
2. Spread the roots of the seedling. Place the plant in the hole, sprinkle with fertile soil. Compact the ground around the seedlings and shed well (half a bucket of water on the bush). Mulch the surface with dry earth, peat mixture or humus.

It is recommended to cut the stems to 5 cm, keeping 3-4 buds per shoot. It is believed that this accelerates the formation of the bush.

Finnish gooseberry care

Finnish gooseberries do not require special care. Proper watering, timely feeding and shrub formation ensure good fruiting and are the prevention of diseases.

Irrigation Rules

In order to retain moisture as much as possible, it is recommended to cultivate the soil around the bushes every spring. You can water with cold water from a well or well, but the fruits will ripen a few days later than when watering with warmer water.For irrigation, less than 30-40 liters of water per 1 sq. m. In case of dry weather, humidification is mandatory at the stages:

• berry formation after flowering;
• 1-2 weeks before harvest;
• after harvest.

Optimal watering methods for Finnish gooseberries:

• from a ditch - water fills a small ditch formed by pouring a 10-15 cm roll from the ground at a distance of 40 cm from the plant;
• drip - water is supplied from drip irrigation systems laid at a distance of 15-20 cm from the row.

Sprinkler and flood irrigation is uneconomical and does not provide uniform moisture distribution.

Fertilization

Feeding should be systematic and phased. Three steps are recommended:

1. At the stage of bush formation, a solution with urea and nitrophoska is introduced.
2. Feeding with potassium sulfate or gooseberry special nutrient mixture during flowering.
3. During the period of active growth and fruit formation, it is useful to feed with nitrophos and potassium humate.

For gooseberries, it is recommended to avoid the use of fertilizers containing chlorine, wood ash is a good food, in which lime can be added to reduce soil acidity.

Cutting and shaping

The purpose of pruning is the correct formation of the crown of the shrub and reducing its density. When pruning varieties of Finnish selection, follow the rules:

• prune in autumn or early spring;
• value are shoots aged 5-7 years;
• small growth and shoots over eight years old should be cut;
• from the age of five or six, it is recommended to remove 3-4 old branches with weak fruiting and growth of less than 30 cm.

Sometimes gardeners prune the green tops of the shoots in summer to increase the size of the berries.

Protection from diseases and pests

Finnish cultivars are resistant to most types of gooseberry diseases. If an infection has occurred, then you can use to fight:

• fungicides "Titul", "Topaz", "Karatan";
• insecticides, for example, Bitoxibacillin, Fufanon, Actellik.

In one place gooseberries are recommended to be grown up to 10 years. For the prevention of diseases, thickening of the bushes should not be allowed. Every year it is necessary to normalize the shoots and carry out sanitary pruning.Sprinkler watering is not recommended. Moisture on leaves and berries can cause fungal diseases.

Propagation of the variety

Finnish gooseberries are propagated:

• layering;
• cutting;
• dividing the bush.

Propagation by layering is an easy and affordable way. For reproduction, two-year-old shoots located near the soil are chosen. Next you need:

1. Make a groove at the shoot, loosen the ground in it.
2. Bend the shoot to the groove and secure it with staples.
3. Sprinkle the shoot with earth, forming a mound.
4. Shorten the shoot by 20%.

The ground in the escape area should be kept slightly damp.

Cleaning and storage

Clean up on a clear, dry day. The berries of Finnish varieties are soft and juicy. Therefore, mechanical assembly is unacceptable for them. The thorn makes harvesting the berries more difficult.

To soften gooseberry thorns, it is necessary 2 hours before harvesting to water the bush abundantly from a watering can, including over the leaves. Wear long sleeves and heavy gloves to avoid pricking.

The berries are removed from the bush along with the stalk and pricked into dry, shallow containers. Ripe berries are stored in a cool place for up to 5 days. Unripe berries can be stored for up to 10 days. You can increase the shelf life by freezing or drying gooseberries. Gooseberries are used to make jams, preserves, compotes.

Recommended