Plum Ternovka: variety description, planting and care, harvesting with photo

Plum variety Ternovka or - "bilasuvar", has a lot of useful properties, rich in vitamins. This is a blue-black fruit, widely distributed in many regions of the CIS. The fruits hang on the branches until the arrival of frost, which allows them to be consumed until late winter. Plum is grown even in Siberia, it is one of the most frost-resistant subspecies. The tree is fruity, but some gardeners call it a berry. To successfully grow a variety, you need to familiarize yourself with its features, a description of the technology of care and feeding.

Description and characteristics of plum Ternovka

Prickly plum Tern was bred by nature itself. Having appreciated its advantages, breeders began to work on breeding new hybrids. Blackthorn belongs to the Pink family, plum genus. Previously, it was considered a thorn variety. They really do have a lot in common.

Brief characteristics of the Ternovka variety tree:

1. Appearance. Shrub with thorny branches, grows up to 4 meters high.
2. The leaves of Ternovka are small, up to 5 centimeters, oblong, egg-shaped.
3. The tree blooms abundantly, the flowers are snow-white, solitary, 3 centimeters in diameter. They have a wax coating.
4. The pulp has a sweet and sour taste. The weight of the fruits of Ternovka is 15 grams, the diameter is 4 centimeters. Inside is a bone.
5. Fruiting at Ternovka is stable, the berries ripen by the end of August or September from the 2nd year of life. After ripening, they do not fall off, but hold firmly on the branches until winter.
6. The tree withstands frosts up to 40 degrees, survives in northern latitudes. It is one of the most frost-resistant crops. It also takes root on poor soils.
7. The variety is famous for its immunity to diseases and pests.
8. Ternovka's resistance to droughts is high, fast restoration of the frozen root system.

The longer the fruits hang not on the branches of a tree, the more sweet they become, they lose their astringency. Blackthorn is able to endure any weather disasters, except for s alty waterlogged soil.

The plant is saturated with amino acids, pectin, fiber, tannins. It is widely used to improve he alth.

Thornberry has the following effects on the body:

• cleans from toxins;
• reduces cholesterol levels due to vitamin PP;
• cleanses blood vessels due to the presence of pectin, removes even radioactive metals;
• promotes weight loss.

Plum Ternivka has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.Fruits have a mild laxative and diuretic effect, are useful for cholecystitis, liver and kidney pathologies. The thorn improves appetite, the digestive process. It also reduces the intensity of stomach pain. Even a small amount of berries can increase intestinal motility.

Differences between thorns and thorns

Turn is a shrub, but bears fruit with tasteless berries. It is often confused with thorny. By crossing these varieties, a sweeter culture was bred. Almost all useful elements were transferred to Ternovka.

1. Unlike sloes, the berries are much larger, sweeter, juicier, not as tart.
2. The blackthorn is not as prickly as the blackthorn. Harvesting is easier.
3. Both fruits have a similar chemical composition. Turns contain 5-6% sugar, while thorns contain 12-14%.
4. Turn is a symbiosis of bush and tree. In the wild, the plant looks like a shrub, and when grown in a garden, it stretches out, forming a stunted tree.

Even a novice summer resident can cope with the cultivation of thorns, subject to the rules.

Planting Ternovka

Blackthorn is usually propagated by vegetative methods, seeds - only for selection. Most popular cultivation methods:

• using root offspring;
• cutting;
• vaccinated.

The most convenient method is self-rooted seedlings, they are obtained from shoots that are harvested in spring or autumn. Seeds of Ternovka are sown in October or April, using only fresh seeds. The pulp is completely removed from them before planting.

Selecting a landing site

Plant a seedling of Ternivka should be in a place with a lot of sun, or in partial shade. In areas where there is a lot of shade, the tree will decrease the intensity of flowering and yield.Plum does not tolerate stagnant water. In the place where it is planned to land, there must be drainage. It is not advisable to give preference to acidic soil, it should be neutral. Most of all, thorns love clay soils. Fertilize the soil in the fall, 2 months before planting with manure, superphosphate, potassium s alt. First, dig the ground.

Methods of obtaining seedlings

The he althiest and strongest specimens of Ternovka, located away from the bole, are selected. They have a better developed rhizome, they are easier to separate. After digging up the shoots, look at the root system of the future tree. If it is developed, it is possible to transplant the process of Ternovka to a permanent site. If not, grow, after cutting to 25 centimeters and placing in nutrient soil.

Planting seedlings

It is necessary to plant seedlings aged 2-3 years. Blackthorn Plum, when properly planted, produces a bountiful harvest every season.

1. Dig holes a week before planting. Put top dressing and minerals in them. Ashes, compost, humus, urea act as nutrients.
2. To improve drainage, add some sand to the bottom. To stand the pit, after a week, place a pre-prepared seedling.
3. After planting, water the future tree abundantly every day for a week.

It is worth considering that Ternivka is growing strongly, take a wide place under it. The distance between plants should be about 4 meters.

Further crop care

The tree does not require special care. Blackthorn can grow without fertilizers, regular irrigation. Often summer residents plant a variety near the fence, thereby forming a bushy hedge. If a prolific harvest is needed, the thorn will need care.

It consists of the following activities:

• feeding;
• timely watering;
• tying up young seedlings so that they are not damaged by strong winds;
• pruning, crown formation;
• shelter for the winter;
• tree treatment from diseases and pests.

It is also necessary to weed the earth as it compacts so that it is saturated with oxygen. Blackthorn will thank for proper care with a prolific harvest for the pride of the owners.

Water and fertilize

Thorns is a moisture-loving plant, although it does not require regular watering. In order for the tree to bear fruit abundantly, it is watered once a week, in hot weather, especially abundantly. Use settled, warm water. Cold watering is not worth it, as the tree will shed all the plums and the crop will be lost.

Fertilize Ternovka with humus or other organic matter in the spring. To increase the fertility of the tree, it is advisable to use several top dressings with mineral complexes with nitrogen. It is undesirable to take fresh manure, it is dangerous for the rhizome and promotes the growth of weeds.

Plum pruning

Gardeners usually do not prune Ternovka, which leads to the growth of its branches. At the tree, it is necessary to form a sparse-tiered crown, to make it bushy. The formation of the bush is considered the most time-consuming process in the care.

During the growing season, the plum tree is cut three times:

• at the end of March;
• in the last days of June;
• at the end of July.

There are several options for pruning the Ternovka tree.

1. To maintain the given shape, to maintain the fertility of the tree, sanitary pruning is done. Excised damaged, dry and diseased branches.
2. Rejuvenating pruning is done to prolong the life of the tree. Several fruit-bearing branches are cut off, and after a year, the remaining skeletal branches are shortened by 1/3.
3. Thinning tree pruning prevents thickening, preventing light from reaching the fruit. If Blackthorn is bushy, no more than 5 fruit-bearing branches are left.
4. Forming pruning - done if the thorn is used as a hedge. The crown is given an attractive appearance. When the tree ages and freezes, powerful shoots stimulate rejuvenation and regeneration.

Pruning should be done with a sharp pruner, after disinfecting it.

Wintering

Adult thorn does not require shelter from the cold. It is advisable to protect young seedlings from frost by covering them with a non-woven fabric like burlap, after making a wire frame. The tree is protected from rodents. So that they do not attack in winter, trample snow around it, close the stem with roofing material or barbed wire. If Ternivka is frozen, it is restored thanks to the stem shoots and root growth.

Protection from diseases and pests

Blackthorn can be affected by fruit rot, pockets, sharka, dwarfism. You need to deal with them as follows:

• from rot use copper or iron sulfate;
• from the pocket, spray the tree with Bordeaux liquid during pollen and during the formation of berries;
• regular removal of pests, circumcision with a disinfected pruner helps from sharka;
• dwarfism cannot be cured, trees uproot and burn.

Beetles are not capable of significantly harming the thorn plum, you should not be afraid of them.

Harvesting and storage

It is desirable to collect thorn berries after the first cold weather. By this time, the content of tannic elements in the fruits is reduced, they become more tasty and rich in vitamins. The crop is stale, it is stored fresh for about 30 days.Fruits are eaten fresh, or compotes, preserves, jams are cooked from them. Ternivka is held in high esteem by winemakers who make wine or strong alcohol with a tart taste from it.

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