Potato Ivan da Marya and Ivan da Shura: description of varieties, yield with photo

Breeders from different countries have long been working on breeding new types of vegetable crops, compiling a detailed description of the variety obtained by crossing. Potatoes Ivan da Marya began to be planted in Russia in the 80s of the last century. In many regions, this variety was given its own names - Ryabukha, Matryoshka, Little Red Riding Hood, Fox. The root crop was brought to the Soviet Union during the Gorbachev perestroika and included in the Russian register of breeding achievements as Picasso.

Variety description

Ivan da Marya grows on any land, but prefers light soils with low acidity. Potatoes owe their beautiful Russian names to external characteristics. Late ripening variety has tall erect bushes, under each of which up to 20 tubers are tied:

elongated;
with yellow skin;
splashed pink;
with small eyes.

One potato weighs about 100 grams, almost 16 percent starch is present in the pulp. It contains many vitamins, trace elements in the form of iron, calcium, magnesium, selenium, potassium. The tuber contains a little less than 80 kcal. The root crop has a pleasant taste, boils soft during heat treatment.

The plant is not affected:

potato crawfish;
nematodes;
verticillium wilt.

Over 300 centners of potatoes are dug from one hectare in different regions of Russia. Root crops ripen 110-135 days after the sprouts emerge. Ripening time is affected by:

soil features;
weather;
agricultural technology.

As follows from the description, Ivan da Marya potatoes normally tolerate drought, the tubers are perfectly stored until the next harvest, are used in fried, boiled, baked form, used to make soups, borscht, casseroles.

Flowers of the variety Ivan da Marya are not collected in brushes, they have a white tint, shimmer with purple color. Even attractive tubers are quickly sold out on the market, they lie in the cellar until spring.

Gardeners and farmers are happy to grow Ivan da Shura - a variety that was bred by Kaluga breeders. The root crops of this variety ripen earlier than 4 months after the emergence of sprouts. From a bush they dig from 15 to 20 even oval tubers. The white pulp contains up to 17% starch, contains amino acids and vitamins.

The advantages of the variety include:

yield over 750 cha;
quick ripening;
delicate taste.

Potatoes are boiled, used for cooking various dishes. The culture is resistant to the main nightshade diseases, is not afraid of drought, but is demanding on soil fertility.

Growing

Farmers plant potatoes in Ivan da Marya to profit from the sale, summer residents prepare various dishes from it. Observance of the rules of agricultural technology, careful care of the crop helps to collect an excellent harvest.

Preparing the place for the beds

Potatoes are grown on loamy soils, and on sandy soils, and on fertile chernozems, and on podzolic soils. The best precursors for culture are:

legumes;
wheat and rye;
beets.

From the autumn, having harvested, tops and weeds are removed on the plot for potatoes. Manure and humus are evenly scattered on the ground. In spring, the soil is dug up, lumps are broken with a rake. Tubers are planted from the end of April, when the soil warms up. The place for the Ivan da Marya variety should be changed regularly.

Sprouting seeds

From root crops dug up in autumn, choose potatoes of the same size without spots and damage up to 5 cm in diameter. To prepare for planting:

The tubers are laid out for 2 weeks on a warm veranda or in a room.
Root crops can be put in a basket with eyes up, sprinkled with wet peat or sawdust, left in a container for 15 days.
Potatoes are sent to a room where it is dry and the temperature is not lower than 15.

The finished seed is treated with potassium permanganate or by mixing a quarter cup of boric acid and 10 g of copper sulfate in a bucket of water. Ash helps protect tubers from disease. A kilogram of this substance is dissolved in 10 liters of liquid and potatoes are placed in it for half an hour.

Now many companies produce special preparations that prevent the development of pests - Prestige, Force, Cruiser.

Planting methods

Most summer residents and gardeners dig holes, leaving 30 cm between them. A little ash and humus are put in each hole, then a sprouted root crop is placed, soil is poured.

Owners of suburban areas, where there are irregularities in the relief, are switching to a no-till planting method. The bed is divided into wide strips, transverse lines are marked at a distance of a meter. Tubers are placed every 20 cm, the holes are covered with soil from the row spacing.

Some gardeners claim that they get a higher yield when potatoes are grown under straw, because when it begins to rot, earthworms crawl in, contributing to the formation of vermicompost. Boarding process includes:

Loosen the soil, remove clods, water abundantly.
Placing tubers in trenches every 30 cm.
Sheltering holes with a half-meter layer of straw.

With this method of agricultural technology, the bushes do not need hilling and moistening. There is no need to fertilize the land.

Features of care

Despite the fact that both varieties of potatoes are undemanding to the soil, air is needed for the development of tubers. A week after planting the seed material, the soil begins to loosen and weed from weeds.When the stems rise 20 cm, they begin to hill the beds. Perform such work after rain or watering.

If there is a risk of frost returning, the sprouts are immediately covered with earth from the aisles, forming a small mound near them. Even at a temperature of minus 1 °, the leaves turn black and die. The yield of potatoes is sharply reduced. They start hilling again after 3 weeks.

Feeding and watering

In order for the roots to form better, a complex fertilizer is applied a month after the sprouts emerge, which is obtained by mixing half a liter of mullein or bird droppings and 2 tablespoons of urea in a bucket of water. When the buds appear, they start feeding the roots with ash and potassium sulfate.

During flowering and after it, a solution prepared from nitrophoska and superphosphate is applied under each potato bush.

With a lack of moisture, the tops wither, the leaves dry up, the tubers shrink.The beds are plentifully watered in the absence of rain for a long time, which has recently become a frequent occurrence. Water can be poured into the grooves between the rows or a drip irrigation system can be installed. In the middle lane, 3 waterings are usually enough, be sure to do this during the flowering period.

Pros and cons

Potato variety Ivan da Marya is not afraid of drought, rarely affected by viruses, resistant to nematodes. Farmers value it for excellent transportability, high commercial qualities and productivity. Beautiful oblong tubers boil soft, have a delicate taste, are suitable for cooking and frying, making soups and salads. A serious drawback of the variety is that it is quickly reborn.

Ivan da Shura potatoes ripen earlier, so the leaves do not suffer from Fusarium. Its advantages include:

drought and heat resistant;
long-term storage;
stable yield;
powerful root system.

Dig up about 20 nutritious tubers with a pleasant taste and high starch content from a bush. Unlike the Ivan da Marya variety, this potato does not degenerate. In one area, it is planted for several years, collecting large root crops.

Pests and diseases

Ivan da Shura does not suffer from alternariosis, which is carried by various insects, is not affected by viruses and potato cancer. The variety develops resistance to late blight if the tubers are sprayed with preparations containing copper before planting.

Prevent the development of root rot helps:

moderate watering;
hilling bushes;
applying ash.

Young potato leaves are to the liking of spider mites, aphids. They are adored by the Colorado potato beetle, from which they are saved by biological agents and insecticides.

The variety Ivan da Marya is rarely affected by viruses, potato cancer, however, damp and cold weather contributes to the development of fungal diseases. With late blight, the tops are covered with brown spots, which pass to the roots.

Potato Ivan da Marya suffers from silver and common aphids, from leaf curl. Eliminate the danger of plant damage allows prevention, which includes:

planting he althy tubers;
seed processing;
weed removal.

You can not grow this variety in one place for several years in a row. When signs of late blight appear on potatoes, 25 g of Agat-25 is dissolved in a bucket of water and the beds are sprayed at least 2 times. Prevents leaf curl by fertilizing with fertilizers containing potassium.

To combat scab, the bushes are treated with insecticides such as Antrakol, Champion. To prevent the disease, the tubers are placed in a solution of copper sulfate or boric acid before planting.

To prevent nematodes from choosing the garden, Bazamid is scattered on the ground. A harmless-looking striped insect causes great harm to potatoes. To destroy the Colorado potato beetle, many drugs are produced that have to be constantly changed, since arthropods quickly get used to it. The most effective insecticides include Intavir, Karate, Arrivo, Mospilan, Regent.

Some summer residents are struggling with a formidable potato pest using biological methods. To do this, they plant garlic between the rows, sow marigolds and calendula, spray the leaves with an infusion of wormwood.

Harvest and storage of crops

Ivan da Marya potatoes begin to be dug up, 4 months after the sprouts emerge, when the tops dry out. Tubers with dents, cuts are used immediately and are not placed in the basement.

Before laying for long-term storage, root crops can be sprayed with copper sulphate. Potatoes do not rot, do not lose their taste at 2-4 degrees of heat. The tubers will lie until the next harvest if they are placed in boxes, shifting with dry leaves of wormwood or elderberry.

Ivan da Shura digs up potato roots a couple of weeks earlier. They have excellent keeping quality and are stored until early summer.