Floribunda rose: description of varieties, planting and care in the open field for beginners

In addition to edible crops, gardeners grow flowers on their plots, because well-groomed plants with colorful buds are the best garden decoration. Recently, summer residents prefer roses, namely the floribunda variety. This species is characterized by frost resistance, strong immunity to most diseases, as well as unpretentiousness, thanks to which even beginners among gardeners can grow flowers.

History of Appearance

Floribunda variety appeared thanks to the work of experienced breeders. At the beginning of the last century, due to the fashion to grow roses, botanists sought to create the most unusual hybrids by crossing different species.German breeder Peter Lambert, known for his experiments, was the first to cross tea and polyanthus roses. The resulting hybrid inherited the best qualities of the "parents". The tea variety gave the shape and size of the bud, and the polyanthus gave a strong immunity to diseases and the type of inflorescences.

The crossbreeding experiment was continued by the Danish scientist Sven Poulsen, crossing hybrid roses with other varieties, bringing out new subspecies of floribunda. More than 60 species were created by a breeder from the USA, Eugene Berner. As a result, in 1952, the floribunda became a separate group of pink flowers.

Description and characteristics of the rose

Floribunda group - the most extensive group of roses, whose flowers differ from other varieties in bright, juicy color. The subspecies differ from each other in appearance:

flower type: single, double or semi-double;
bud shape: flat or goblet;
inflorescences: many-flowered or few-flowered;
more than a hundred colors: solid, two-tone, striped.
bud size: 4-12 centimeters;
flowering: intermittent or continuous;
according to the height of the bush: curb (40 centimeters), medium (60-80 centimeters), high (more than 1 meter).

Despite their differences, floribunda have similar characteristics:

leaves are medium, shiny, deep green;
straight spikes;
most of it doesn't smell.

Floribunda variety

As already mentioned, the floribunda is the most extensive pink group, and it includes more than a hundred subspecies. However, the following species are more common in garden plots:

Niccolò Paganini. Height - 80 centimeters. Flowers are velvety, not fading maroon. On the brush 5-12 buds. Cold, heat and drought resistant.
Iceberg. Height - up to 80 centimeters. Flowers - double, spherical, white, purple or pink. Flowering is plentiful. Resistant to frost, powdery mildew, black spot. Thins out the delicate fragrance.
Purple tiger. Height - 1 meter. Flowers - voluminous, semi-double. The coloring is a mixture of white, lilac, pink and purple stripes. Weak resistance to cold.
Blue Baju. Height - up to 70 centimeters. Flowers - double, large, pale blue. The core is yellow. Dislikes extreme temperatures and high humidity.
Prince of Monaco. Height - up to 1 meter. Flowers - terry. Coloring - cream, with raspberry fringing. Inflorescence - 5-7 flowers. Flowering is continuous. Resistant to cold and disease.

Pros and cons

Why do gardeners prefer the floribunda variety? To do this, you should look at the advantages of the variety:

lush flowers;
long flowering;
unpretentiousness;
most frost and disease resistant;
compact bush;
large number of shoots;
reproduction by cuttings;
huge selection of shades.

Despite their merits, roses still have a few drawbacks:

most odorless;
demanding to light.

Features of growing a flower

In order for a bright beautiful flower to start blooming on the site, gardeners should follow simple but mandatory steps.

Date of planting

Container seedlings are planted throughout the summer. With an open root system - in early spring or autumn.Seedlings with closed roots - in May-June. In the southern regions, planting can also be carried out in September-October, when the plants have time to take root before the onset of frost. However, in the central and northern regions, it is better to cancel the autumn planting.

Selecting planting material

Open root seedlings should be purchased in early spring or fall. The plant must be freshly dug up, preferably immediately before purchase. A seedling with dormant, no signs of growth, buds and 2-3 strong shoots should not have external damage.

Container option - convenient, but you should make sure that the plant was grown in the container in which it is sold, and not transplanted there. There must be no external damage.

Saplings with closed roots should also be free of external damage. This option is vaccinated much faster and has stronger immunity.

It is better to buy in nurseries of well-known manufacturers with a quality guarantee. Packaged seedlings or seedlings in the markets are several times cheaper, but they are only suitable for greenhouse conditions.

Soil preparation

The first step is to clear the area of debris, weeds and dig. Immediately before planting, dig a hole 50 cm wide and 30 cm deep, as roses do not like tight spaces. After that, prepare a fertilizer mixture - a bucket of sand, peat, humus, half a bucket of fine clay, bone meal and superphosphate fertilizers. Mix and pour into planting hole.

Disembarkation

After the landing site is ready, you should move on to the seedlings. Shorten the roots to 25 centimeters and, placing in a hole, carefully and accurately distribute. Fill the root collar with soil by 3-5 centimeters, tamp so that there are no voids, and pour abundantly along the edges of the hole.After absorbing moisture, mulch the soil with sawdust or mowed grass. At first, cover from direct sunlight.

Roses should not be planted closer than 50 centimeters to each other. This variety loves freedom, otherwise the number of flowers will decrease.

Subtleties of plant care

If the landing is done correctly, the result will not be long in coming. However, one should not forget about care so that the plant does not die or get sick.

Temperature

Most of the floribunda subspecies are unpretentious to changing weather. They are resistant to drought, heat and frost. However, at especially low temperatures, one should not forget about the shelter of flowers. Also, the rose should be protected from strong winds, especially on the northern or northwestern side of the site.

Illumination

Floribunda loves the light, so it is worth planting on the south or southwest side.Otherwise, being in a constant shade, the plant will begin to wither and hurt. However, light shade is still needed during the midday sun. Otherwise, the brightness of the flowers will decrease and the flowering time will be shortened.

Feeding

Required treatment for floribunda. If enough fertilizer was added during planting, the first year of feeding is not required. In subsequent years, the flower must be fed 5-7 times per season. It is advisable to alternate organic and mineral fertilizers. It is better to mix the latter with watering, and apply organic matter carefully so as not to harm sensitive roots.

It is enough to scatter them around the bush, and during watering they will gradually seep to the plant.

Irrigation

Roses need regular watering, especially young seedlings. Mature plants should be watered once a week, preferably in the evening.One plant requires a bucket of settled warm water. In addition, floribunda likes periodic spraying of leaves. It must be carried out with warm water, in the evening or early in the morning.

Important! When watering, do not fall on the buds or flowers, and avoid stagnant water.

Cutting

Through spring, summer and autumn pruning, the floribunda rose bush becomes stronger, growing with a large number of buds. Appearance is ennobled, flowering time is extended, and the development of certain diseases is also prevented.

The first pruning should be done in the spring, when the foliage blooms. It is necessary to cut off all weak, diseased or damaged shoots, as well as those whose age is more than 2 years. The length of the shoots should not exceed 20 centimeters, and there should be no more than 4 strong buds on each shoot. If all the shoots are weak, they should be shortened more, leaving 1-2 buds per branch.

Shelter for the winter

Preparing for winter is a necessary action for rose bushes. All leaves and inflorescences should be cut off, the branches should be shortened to 40 centimeters. Burn all the remains, and spray the bush with 1% Bordeaux mixture. Wrap the bush with earth for ≈30 centimeters. From above, make a shelter from fallen leaves, spruce branches and non-woven fabric.

Protection from diseases and pests

Despite the good resistance of roses to diseases, do not neglect regular prevention. To do this, it is enough to spray the bushes with onion, garlic or tobacco decoction. You can also resort to chemicals, after watering the bushes abundantly and letting the moisture dry.

Breeding Methods

The most convenient way to propagate is cuttings. To do this, use stiff shoots, cutting them off at an angle of 45 ° and half a centimeter above the kidney.The length of the handle is 8 centimeters. For planting, you will need a hole 15 centimeters wide, and the distance between the holes is at least 30. Place the cutting in the ground halfway and cover with foil.

During the rooting period, seedlings must be watered, allowed to breathe and loosen the earth. For the winter it is necessary to wrap up. The first buds must be cut off. You can repot after a minimum of 3 years.

Landscape use

Rose bushes on the site are considered an ornament in themselves, but many people want to emphasize the presence of a royal flower, make it the center of the garden. To do this, floribundas are planted in flower beds, hedges are made or fences are twisted, paths to the house are decorated with low grades.