How to grow a rose from a cutting: breeding rules at home

There are several options for resolving the issue of how to grow roses from cuttings. This breeding method is convenient and allows you to achieve good survival of flowers in open ground. In addition, if the plant is propagated and germinated through cuttings, then it is possible to preserve the features of the parent rose: the shape of the buds, aroma and other characteristics. But for this you need to choose the right planting material.

What are the benefits of cuttings?

The method of propagation of roses by cuttings has several distinct advantages:

• the future flower retains the characteristics of the parent plant, so you can even before planting to understand what kind of rose it will end up with;
• lack of side stems (the rose will not curl as it develops);
• reducing costs, since several cuttings can be cut from one bush;
• high survival rate (if you breed a rose by cuttings, then no more than 20% of the shoots die);
• perennial flowering (if the conditions for cuttings are correctly met, the plant will bloom up to 10 years).

Most popular varieties of roses are suitable for cuttings. This method is also popular because the cuttings are able to endure long journeys.

The main danger of this method lies in the fact that when using hybrid varieties it is difficult to achieve the preservation of the properties of the parent plant. This is explained by the fact that the properties of the flower that formed the root system are inherited.

When is the best time to root?

Gardeners recommend cutting roses in early spring or autumn. It is impossible to root shoots in August or September. This is explained by the fact that in summer the active development of shoots begins. It takes a lot of the vitality of a rose to grow stems. In this regard, by the beginning of the autumn period, the plant weakens, which negatively affects rooting.

In winter, the flower is unable to reproduce. During this period, the rose falls into "hibernation", which is why the root system, after placing the cutting in the ground or water, does not develop.

How to choose the right cutting?

In order to avoid problems in the future when growing roses, when selecting cuttings, it is recommended to adhere to the following recommendations:

• do not cut young or woody shoots;
• do not plant imported roses recently brought from abroad;
• use strong shrubs for cuttings, without signs of disease and wilting.

Domestic roses that have undergone long-term acclimatization to Russian conditions are considered optimal for propagation by cuttings. When choosing a suitable plant, it is recommended to focus on the condition of the stems: the presence of breaking thorns indicates the maturity of the rose and readiness for planting.

Preparation of cuttings for planting

For cuttings, it is recommended to cut off fresh shoots that have appeared in the current year. There must be at least two fully formed buds on the stem. For cuttings, a shoot 15-30 centimeters long and 5-10 millimeters thick is suitable.

Cut the stems with a garden pruner or a knife. It is necessary that the tool be sharp enough: the blade should not flatten the stem of the rose. Before starting the procedure, it is recommended to disinfect a knife or pruner using alcohol or boiling water.

It is necessary to cut off in the middle or lower part of the shoot. The tops do not root well. From above, you need to cut in a straight line, retreating 2-6 millimeters from the kidneys, from below - at an angle of 45 degrees. Leaves and thorns should be removed at the base of the resulting cuttings.

If weak or insufficiently elastic branches are detected during probing, such material must be destroyed. These signs indicate infection of the parent plant. At the end of the procedure, you need to dip the stalk in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Then the upper end of the rose should be treated with wax or paraffin. And the lower part of the shoot must be placed in a solution to stimulate growth.

As the last use:

1. Honey water. You will need to take a teaspoon of honey and mix it with 500 milliliters of warm water.
2. Yeast extract. It is necessary to take 100 grams of yeast and mix with a liter of warm water. To speed up the growth of roses, it is recommended to add a teaspoon of sugar to this composition.
3. Infusion of willow. To prepare this stimulant, you will need to place several branches in water and wait for the roots to appear. The resulting liquid is then used to stimulate the growth of the cuttings.
4. Aloe juice. You can get this composition by grinding a few leaves in a blender and squeezing the gruel through gauze.

Using the above stimulants, you can achieve at home the appearance of the first roots of rose cuttings in 10-12 days. In addition to folk remedies, gardeners use store products. When using such stimulants, you must strictly follow the attached instructions.

How to save rose cuttings in winter?

Gardeners use the following methods to keep shoots alive through the winter:

• rooting in moss;
• storage in a cold room or refrigerator;
• storage in pots;
• landing in the ground outside.

When choosing the first option, you must first treat the moss with Fitosporin solution, and then wrap the rose branches in sphagnum and newspaper. At the end, the planting material is placed until spring in a cold room.

For home storage, it is recommended to use the latter option. To prevent planting material from dying during the winter, you will need to do the following:

1. Pour a layer of expanded clay and soil mixture designed for roses into pots or other containers.
2. Dip the stalk in water and growth stimulator, plant in the ground.
3. Wrap the plant container with a warm blanket and place the crates on the balcony.
4. Cover the cuttings with cellophane. Before the onset of cold weather, periodically water the earth and remove the film.

During severe frosts, the boxes must be moved to a warm room or cover the cuttings with banks.

Another option for storing planting material is suitable for owners of private plots. This method requires the following steps:

1. Dig a hole 15 centimeters deep in the area.
2. Line the bottom of the hole with a cotton cloth and put the prepared shoots on top.
3. Cover the shoots with cotton cloth and cover the hole with earth.

At the end of the manipulations, it is recommended to mark the storage location on the site. This will make it easier to find plants after the onset of spring.

How to root?

To obtain viable roots necessary for planting roses in open ground, several methods are used. Each of the proposed options requires strict adherence to the above algorithm.

In pots

It is recommended to germinate in pots, observing the following algorithm of actions:

1. Rinse and dry the sprouting containers.
2. Pour drainage and soil mix designed for roses into the bottom of the pots (it is recommended to use these containers).
3. Deep shoots into the soil, leaving at least one bud on the surface.
4. Close the shoots with polyethylene, making holes in the film for air circulation.
5. Keep the soil moist until the first leaves appear.

This method is considered optimal, as it allows you to painlessly transplant a rose from pots into open ground.

In the water

The procedure is as follows:

1. Boil and cool the water, add charcoal for disinfection and a solution that stimulates the development of the root system.
2. Dip the prepared shoots into a jar of solution, avoiding contact of the leaves with the mixture.
3. Cover the container with polyethylene or foil. Thanks to this, an impromptu greenhouse is created inside the jar.
4. Remove containers in a dark and warm room.

In the future, it is recommended to change the aqueous solution every 2-3 days until a callus (light growth) forms on the surface of the cuttings. When the length of the roots reaches 5 millimeters, the rose should be transplanted into a pot with loose soil.

In potato tubers

This growing method requires the following steps:

1. Choose medium-sized potatoes and cut holes in the vegetables, the diameter of which matches the thickness of the shoots.
2. Lay out a drainage layer in containers and fill it with 10 centimeters of river sand on top.
3. Insert roses into vegetables, and place planting material in prepared container.
4. Pour the soil mixture on top so that one bud remains on the surface.
5. Cover each cutting with a jar.

After that, it is necessary to water the soil mixture daily with clean water. After 2-2.5 weeks, the plant is ready for transplanting into open ground.

In a bag

For this method of growing, you will need to moisten newspaper leaves and completely wrap the cuttings in paper. Then you need to place such bundles in a plastic bag and send them to a dark room, the temperature in which does not fall below +18 degrees. Before the roots appear, it is necessary to regularly spray the newspaper with a spray bottle. As soon as the roots grow 5 centimeters, the flower can be planted in the ground.

How to root a rose from a bouquet?

To sprout a rose from a presented bouquet, you can use any of the above recommendations.

How to take care of planted cuttings?

The planted shoots require periodic watering. If the method of growing in water is used, then it is necessary to change the solution every 2-3 days.

Transplanting roses to a permanent place

One month before planting, the bed must be dug up. Shortly before transferring the plant to the open ground, a mixture of sand (1 part), humus (1 part) and turf (2 parts) should be added to the ground.

The depth of the holes in which the rose is planted depends on the size of the root system. If low-growing varieties are grown, then pits can be dug 30-40 centimeters. For large roses, holes up to 200 centimeters deep will be required.

After planting the plant in the garden, it is recommended to water the ground around the stem of the flower with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, which will prevent the shoots from rotting. Sprouted cuttings should be transferred to the site in cloudy weather.

Care for flowers after planting

After planting a rose in the ground, you will need to regularly moisten the soil and apply top dressing, which includes magnesium, calcium, nitrogen, phosphorus and magnesium. It is recommended to fertilize the plant at least four times per season. In the event of a sharp drop in air temperature, young flowers should be covered with glass, plastic wrap or a jar.

Problems, difficulties and solutions

Young shoots are sensitive to temperature changes and changes in humidity levels. If you do not create suitable conditions for growth, then after 1.5 months the cuttings will die. To avoid this, it is recommended to gradually remove the film from the pots, thereby contributing to the acclimatization of the flowers.

The second common problem gardeners face is lack of rooting. This leads to the death of the rose. The use of growth stimulants and planting in loose soil at a temperature of +22, +25 degrees helps to avoid this effect.

The third common problem is the blackening of shoots. This phenomenon often indicates a fungal infection. The introduction of a weak solution of potassium permanganate into the soil immediately after planting flowers in the garden helps to prevent infection.

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