Plum Manchurian beauty: variety description and pollinators, cultivation and care with photo

If you choose a fruit crop for regions with harsh winters, then the Manchurian beauty plum will be one of the best options. This compact plant does not impose special requirements on growing conditions, it is distinguished by a high degree of frost resistance and the ability to produce stable, albeit moderate, yields. To grow the Manchurian beauty plum, it is enough to adhere to the correct agricultural practices and choose only high-quality planting material.

History of selection of the Manchurian beauty

Seedlings of the Manchurian plum were selected by M.F. Ivanov, who lived in Manchuria (XX century).Young plants came to the Far East at the end of the 20s; they were sent by A.A. Taratukhin. And already the breeder N.N. became the distributor of the promising Manchurian plum. Tikhonov. The variety was obtained by crossing three varieties of plums: Chinese, Ussuri and Simona.

Distinctive features and description of the variety

The Manchurian Plum is a fast-growing tree, since the central conductor is weakly expressed in it, it is often considered a large shrub. In height, the plant reaches only 1.6-1.8 meters. A dense rounded crown is formed by brown-gray branches and curved brown shoots. The bark has a flaky texture, due to the active awakening of the kidneys, increased branching is observed.

Small size flowers are on bouquet branches. One bud contains up to three white flowers that open before the leaves.

The leaf apparatus is distinguished by a dark green color and a glossy surface. In length, leaf plates grow up to 10 centimeters, and their width is 4 centimeters. The shape is elliptical, the upper part is pointed, and the plate itself is slightly concave.

Plum fruit shape Manchurian beauty is predominantly rounded, flattened at the base, there is a narrow deep funnel and a clearly visible ventral suture. The average weight is 15-20 grams, but there are large specimens - up to 30 grams. The stem is short and thick.

The skin is not dense enough, it is thin and colored maroon with a bluish bloom. The stone is oblong, small, separated with difficulty. The taste of plums of the Manchurian beauty is sweet and sour, the aroma is mild.

The sugar content of Manchurian beauty plum is 15%, solids 24%, titratable acids - 1.7%. There are almost 9 milligrams of ascorbic acid per 100 grams of product.

Features

Plum Chuyskaya beauty, as the variety is also called, has won the recognition of gardening enthusiasts for its resistance to adverse environmental factors. For its successful cultivation, it is necessary to consider in more detail all the strengths and weaknesses.

Variety resistance to freezing temperatures and drought

Plum Manchurian beauty from Ussuriyskaya - a cold-resistant variety, took a high degree of frost resistance. The plant painlessly tolerates low temperatures down to -40 degrees. Drought resistance is good, but in the heat it is recommended to water the plum abundantly, irrigation frequency 1 time in 10-12 days.

The lack of moisture, as well as its excess, is not the best way displayed on the future harvest.

In addition, do not allow moisture to stagnate in the soil, otherwise there is a high probability of development of putrefactive processes on the root system of the tree.

Susceptibility to diseases and parasites

In the Manchurian beauty plum, experienced gardeners note increased immunity to major ailments and harmful insects. So, when growing it in the Far East, there is no danger of rubella infection.The plant has a sufficient level of resistance to clasterosporiosis, as well as fungal infections that provoke the appearance of coccomycosis. Only against moniliosis, the Manchurian plum has no immunity.

To prevent the development of diseases and the invasion of harmful insects, it is necessary to carry out preventive measures both in autumn and in spring.

Pollinator varieties

Since the Manchurian beauty plum is not a self-fertile plant, it needs additional pollinator varieties for effective fruiting. It is best to use Ural golden, Ussuri, Ural red or Manchurian prunes for these purposes. The productivity indicators of the Manchurian plum increase significantly if 2-3 varieties are planted in a nearby area with the same flowering time as it.

Yield and fruiting

Plum Manchurian beauty is an early-growing plant. The first harvest can already be obtained in the third year after landing in a permanent place. Fruiting is stable. A young plant produces 8-10 kilograms of delicious plums, and an adult - up to 24 kilograms.

To prevent shedding of the crop, harvesting must be done 3-4 days before consumer maturity.

Where the fruits of the tree are used

Plums of the Manchurian Beauty variety are distinguished by a whole range of useful components, dessert taste and slight sourness. They can be used to prepare homemade preparations, compotes and jams, and they are also very tasty when eaten fresh.

The main pros and cons of culture

Plum Manchurian beauty has a whole list of positive characteristics, including:

• precocity;
• universal purpose of fruits;
• high consumer and commercial qualities;
• unpretentious care;
• frost resistance;
• drought tolerance;
• increased immunity to diseases and parasites;
• Stable yield.

From the shortcomings of the Manchurian plum can be noted:

• the need for regular crown molding due to the intensive growth rate of the tree;
• dependence of variety productivity on other pollinators.

Plum planting in the area

To achieve good results, it is recommended to adhere to the timing and technology of planting the Manchurian plum.

Best time for landing work

When grown in the northern regions, it is necessary to determine the Manchurian beauty plum for a permanent place in the garden in the spring. If work is done in autumn, then the seedling is likely to be damaged by frost.

Optimal drop off location

The most productive culture manifests itself in a well-lit and protected area from through winds. The depth of groundwater at the landing site should not be less than 1.5 meters. It is worth preparing a hole on a hill, planting in a lowland is fraught with the detrimental effect of stagnant cold air on a young plant.

Favorable and Undesirable Neighbors

It is recommended to place the Manchurian plum from the apple tree and garden shrubs at a distance of 3-4 meters. Neighborhood with a tall pear does not have the best effect on the Chui beauty, the plant receives less sunlight. Given the short stature of the fruit crop, it is not worth determining it close to decorative deciduous and coniferous plantations.

Seedling selection and preparation

It is more expedient to purchase annual or biennial seedlings with a well-developed root system. Their branches should be elastic, without signs of disease, traces of rot and various kinds of damage. Roots should not be dry. Before planting, they are kept in a clay mash for several hours.

Technological process of planting

In order to avoid moisture stagnation in the future, a layer of drainage 10 centimeters thick should be laid in the pit. For the Manchurian plum, loamy, soddy-podzolic soil with moderate acidity is preferable. To fertilize the soil, compost (30 kilograms), azofoska (800 grams), carbamide (200 grams) and potassium chloride (200 grams) are added per square meter. The nutrient composition is added for digging.

Step by step disembarkation process:

1. The soil mixture is poured into the prepared hole with a depth and diameter of 60 centimeters in the form of a mound.
2. Place a seedling in the center and straighten its roots. It is not worth deepening the root neck, it should be 3-4 centimeters above ground level.
3. The roots are sprinkled, and the soil is gently tamped to eliminate voids.
4. A groove is formed around the seedling and 1-1.5 buckets of water are introduced.
5. The soil is mulched with peat or humus.

Proper plant care

Plum Manchurian beauty does not require a special approach in terms of care. It is enough to moisten the soil in a timely manner, remove weeds, apply top dressing and perform standard pruning.

Irrigation and fertilization

Irrigation activities are carried out once a month.The soil should be moistened by 40 centimeters. Fertilizer is applied after 2-3 years, using a composition of mullein (2 kilograms), urea (25 grams) and ammonium nitrate (25 grams). In the summer, ash is used at the rate of 200 grams per 1 square meter.

Crown formation

Pruning should be done either in spring or autumn before the onset of cold weather. Plum molding is carried out from the second year and continues up to 4 years. In the future, incapacitated branches, damaged shoots are removed. The wound surface is treated with garden pitch.

Preventive treatments

To prevent the development of diseases, it is necessary to periodically thin out the plum crown. In the near-trunk circle, it is worth removing fallen leaves and fruits. Against pathogenic microorganisms, it is effective to treat plants with Bordeaux liquid (3 times per season).

Loosening and caring for the trunk circle

After each irrigation, you need to loosen the soil to avoid oxygen starvation of the roots. It is recommended to mulch the soil with humus, peat, freshly cut grass.

Preparing for winter

Young stands are protected with non-woven fabric or burlap. In adult trees, the trunk is whitened, and the trunk circle is mulched with sawdust, needles, and straw.

Reviews of experienced gardeners about the variety

Plum Manchurian beauty has mostly positive reviews. It is valued for its endurance, frost resistance, high immunity. Even novice gardeners can grow a culture.

Recommended