Anemones: planting and care in the open field, varieties and species, growing from seeds

Anemone (anemone) - herbaceous perennial, a flower of the Buttercup family. The genus includes about 170 wild and ornamental species. Agrotechnics for breeding anemones in garden plots has general requirements and characteristic species differences. Growing and caring for anemones in the open field depend on the growing season, the arrangement of the root system of flowering plants.

Description and characteristics

Garden culture, pleasing to the eye with many colors of elegant flowers, both in spring and against the backdrop of fading nature, is very popular with gardeners.

Anemones have fleshy cylindrical or tuber roots. The height of the peduncles is from 5 to 120 centimeters. Leaves are palmate or divided. Seeds of all kinds of anemones are small, of various shapes. The roots, stems, flowers of the plant are poisonous.

Flowers come in:

• single and in inflorescences;
• terry and plain;
• small and large.

Petals (from 5 to 20 pieces) can be colored:

• white;
• blue;
• green;
• yellow;
• pink red;
• purple;
• two-color.

According to the timing of flowering, spring varieties (ephemeroids) and autumn-summer varieties are distinguished. The advantages of ephemeroids are an elegant and varied configuration of colors. Pastel colors predominate in the color overflow of the petals.

Spring Anemone Drawback: Fast flowering. Anemone awakening begins in April. All buds open in May. By the end of June, the flowers dry up. Autumn varieties - tall, brightly colored. Flowering lasts up to 3-5 months, some with an intermittent cycle: in the summer season and autumn months.

Features

Despite the varietal and species diversity of anemones, when breeding flowers, observance of mandatory conditions is required.

General principles of agricultural technology:

1. Mandatory watering in dry, hot weather.
2. Drainage of soil from stagnant groundwater.
3. Moderate hydration.
4. Good illumination without strong solar radiation.
5. Autumn top dressing with full mineral fertilizers before preparing for wintering.
6. Introducing humus into the soil before placing anemones.
7. Feeding blooming anemones with organic fertilizer.
8. Mulching the earth to protect it from drying out and frost.

Propagation of plants is possible by seeds, tubers, root suckers.

Popular species and varieties

Among the ornamental varieties, there are the most popular ones due to the combination of such qualities as unpretentiousness, flowering period, original color.

Forest/Oak forest

The wild anemone is an endangered species, rarely found in natural conditions. Grown in home gardens. Refers to ephemeroids, flowering time: April-May.

The variety grows in mid-latitudes, is not picky about soil and lighting. The bush rises to 20-30 centimeters. The diameter of simple flowers is 2-4 centimeters. Rootstock branched, fragile. Petals color: white-lilac-blue-pink. Terry varieties have been developed.

Knotted (anemone)

Anemones of the autumn-summer flowering period, have a powerful root system, stem height - up to 80-100 centimeters. On one peduncle, up to a dozen simple or semi-double flowers of different colors bloom. It has several dozen popular varieties. The most thermophilic and capricious in care.

Japanese (autumn)

Japanese anemone - one of the varieties of Hubei. Flowers bloom twice: in summer and autumn. The color of the petals varies from snow-white to purple, in the shape of a cup - from simple to double.

Popular varieties of Japanese anemone:

• Pamina - with large bright pink double flowers on a peduncle up to 80 centimeters, shade-loving;
• Hadspen Abundance - tall flower with cream colored petals;
• Prince Heinrich - up to 85 centimeters high, with semi-double dark pink flowers.

The plant is used not only in landscape design, but also in the design of bouquets.

Gentle (Blanda)

The plant grows 5 to 10 centimeters in soils of moderate moisture, in a well-lit area, without direct sunlight.

Most popular varieties:

• Blue tint;
• Charming (pink);
• White splendor.

Small plants are widely used in creating a color cover in garden plots.

Ranunculus/Ranunculus

Plants are undemanding to the soil and lighting. They grow well under the shelter of trees, houses, shrubs, protecting from the sun and wind. The height of the bush is 20-25 centimeters. The flowers are simple or double, bright yellow, small in size. The root is elongated, with numerous processes.

Hybrid

English variety. The result of crossing a Japanese and grape anemone. Varieties of the resulting hybrid are tall, short, terry, semi-double, simple.

Popular varieties of autumn-summer anemones:

• Honorine Jobert - with white and pink flowers;
• Profusion - with semi-double burgundy flowers;
• Queen Charlotte - with pink semi-double petals.

Plants are not cold hardy. When grown in Central Russia, they require shelter.

Hubei

The variety is closely related to the Japanese anemone. Until 1910, a plant growing wild in the Chinese province of Hubei was officially called the Hubei anemone, at the household level - Japanese. The names of anemone varieties have a double meaning: Japanese/Hubei.

Felt

Autumn anemone. Frost-resistant, unpretentious variety. Recommended for breeding in northern regions with short summers. Buds open on tall, strong peduncles in the second half of August until the end of September. Three-lobed, thick leaves grow in the lower part of the stem, covered on the inside with a light fluff (“felt”).

Popular varieties:

• Robustissima - with bright pink flowers on stems up to 120 centimeters;
• Albadura - with large, up to 6 centimeters in diameter, pale pink buds;
• Septembergloss - with pink flowers, peduncles up to 120 centimeters high, photophilous.

Group planting of felt anemones is a good decorative element along the banks of artificial and natural reservoirs.

Lieutenant General

Variety - crown anemone.

Ground part of the plant:

• basal leaf rosette;
• 3 to 20 stems, 10-40 centimeters high;
• 1 flower per stem.

Petal color:

• white;
• pink;
• red;
• spotted;
• two-tone.

Keep blooming from June to October.

Canadian

Found wild. Does not require shelter at temperatures down to -15 degrees. To preserve the decorative properties requires moderate watering, partial shade. Stem height - from 20 to 80 centimeters. Flowers are snow white, solitary or in clusters, appearing from June to July.

Bridget

A species of crown anemone. Thermophilic. It is constantly grown in the ground in the southern regions of Russia, in the rest it is required to store tubers dug out. It blooms in the month of May with large, bright buds; blooms until mid-July.

Admiral

Perennial of crown anemones, with double pink buds up to 8 centimeters in diameter.

Lesser

Hybrid of forest and multipartite anemone. The flowers are pink, the stem is up to 35 centimeters. Frost resistant.

Slotted De Caen mix

Perennial plant with a long stem, well-developed root system. Blooms twice: in early August and late September. The flowers are simple, solitary, of various colors. There are up to 7-8 flowers on peduncles.

Growing

Before you start cultivating anemones, you must:

• select site;
• prepare the ground;
• decide on planting material.

Flowers are planted with tubers, root shoots, seeds. Seedlings are grown from them, which then moves into the ground. Plants grown from seeds bloom for 3 years. The most convenient type of breeding is from tubers. Anemone roots are fragile, easily damaged when removed from the ground and when planting.

Date of planting

Seedling preparation starts at the end of April.

How to soak tubers

To remove tubers from dormancy, several methods are used:

1. Soaked for 12 hours in warm water, then placed in 0.04% fungicide solution for 30 minutes.
2. Treat with warm water for 30 minutes:

• germinated tubers at 40 degrees;
• dry - at 50 degrees.

3. Wrapping with fabric impregnated with growth stimulants, for example, Epin.

The last method is recommended to avoid excessive waterlogging and rotting of tubers.

Planting capacity and soil

For seedlings prepare pots and a substrate of sand, humus, peat.

Landing

When planting tubers, it is desirable to determine the points of growth. Tubercles (buds) will be visible on swollen tubers. You can plant a whole tuber or parts of it. Each segment should have one or more buds.

The tuber or part of it is placed with the kidney up. If it is impossible to determine the eye, the tubers or cut are placed on their side. Placement down the bud will not sprout. The depth of placement in the pot is 5 centimeters.

Seedling care

The soil layer in the planting containers must be kept moist.

Temperature

Heating the room where the seedlings are located depends on the stage of their growth:

• +13… +14 - before germination;
• +3… +4 - until 2 sheets appear;
• +10… +13 - before landing in open ground.

Illumination

Direct rays of the sun should not fall on seedlings of flowers. Soft diffused light is sufficient to prevent sprouts from stretching.

Landing on open ground

The formed anemone bush is planted, with the onset of stable warm weather, in prepared soil.

Timing

The specific time for planting flowers depends on whether spring is early or late. It could be April or early May.

Choosing a seat

Anemone growing area must have the following characteristics:

• not sandwiched between other plants;
• covered from the wind;
• from direct solar radiation;
• without planting crops with powerful roots in the upper layers of the soil;
• no thick-crowned trees.

To prevent stagnant groundwater, a small hill with drained soil will be optimal.

Soil preparation

Land for flowers should have a loose structure, neutral acidity. Optimal composition: leafy-peat humus or loam. 2-3 months before planting flowers, the soil is dug up to the depth of a bayonet shovel and manure (6 kilograms per 1 square meter), potash (45 grams) and phosphorus fertilizers (60 grams) are applied.

For 2 weeks, the soil is mixed again, nitrogen fertilizers are applied (45 grams).The addition of sand, dolomite dust and wood ash improves aeration and reduces acidity. In low areas, with the possibility of stagnant water, the earth is raised by 20 centimeters. Ground preparation is completed a few days before planting the anemone.

Plant pattern

Anemone tubers are planted in a square-nested way, 20 by 20. A landing hole is prepared for each nodule - up to 10 centimeters and 8 centimeters deep. An ash-humus mixture (200 grams) is poured onto the bottom. The tuber is laid, taking into account the position of the eye, sprinkled with earth and compacted a little.

Water and mulch

After planting, moderate watering follows. With the appearance of buds and until the end of flowering, the volume of water increases. Moisture of plants depends on the composition of the soil: the higher the aeration, the more watering, but not more than 30 liters per square meter. A layer of mulch is used to keep the soil from drying out.

Care

The main condition for the growth of anemones is the observance of soil moisture at the required level. With a lack of moisture during the budding period, the flowers will be small, formed in small quantities. Waterlogging will cause the death of the plant. Fulfilling this requirement is not difficult if you follow certain rules.

Control soil moisture

Watering flowers is carried out early in the morning and at dusk, at sunset. In the first two months, the soil is moistened once a week. On summer days, anemones are watered depending on the amount of precipitation: in dry and hot weather - twice (in the morning and in the evening); during frequent precipitation - not required.

Feeding

The need for fertilizer depends on the quality of the soil composition. Anemones do not require abundant feeding if fertilizer was applied during site preparation.In subsequent years, the flowers are supported with organic matter (diluted rotted manure) during flowering, in autumn - with complex fertilizers.

Weeding and loosening

Regular weed removal and loosening is a must in caring for anemones. Deep loosening is excluded: to avoid damage to the roots. Pulling out weeds is done manually, with the destruction of the soil crust no more than 1 centimeter thick.

Mulching

Covering the soil with cut grass, straw, especially on hot days, will protect the root system of plants from drying out. The layer of mulch should be up to 5 centimeters.

Features of planting and caring for Delicate anemone

Blanda is one of the most beloved anemone varieties. In order for quivering flowers to decorate the garden plot, adhere to the established order of planting and care.

Timing

You can plant an anemone in the spring, when the snow melts, and in the middle of autumn.

Tuber preparation

When planting in early spring, flower tubers are soaked for 2-3 hours in warm water. Then they are covered with sand and watered with a weak solution of manganese. After 2-3 days, growth buds appear, after which the tubers are moved to open ground, eyes up.

Plant pattern

30 anemone tubers are planted per 1 square meter according to the scheme: 20x15. Depth - 4 centimeters.

Growing from seeds

In anemones, the germination of fresh seeds does not exceed 25%, which is explained by the immaturity of the embryo of a perennial culture. To improve germination, stratification is used: prolonged moistening at low temperature in aerated soil. The created conditions provide ripening and exit from physiological dormancy.

Flower seeds are mixed with peat or coarse sand in a ratio of 1 to 3, moistened and placed in a cool place.It is necessary to maintain constant humidity. After the seeds swell, crushed peat is added, up to a ratio of 1 to 2, sprayed with water and kept at a temperature not exceeding 5 degrees, until the sprouts hatch.

A container with seedlings, in the absence of snow, is buried in the ground, in the presence of snow cover - in the snow. Cover with spruce branches and sawdust until spring. In March, the seeds are transplanted into pots for germination. Seedlings with 2 leaves are planted in open ground in compliance with the rules of agricultural technology for anemones.

Another way of stratification is to lay the seeds in the autumn in boxes with loose soil and then bury them in the ground with thermal insulation. In the spring, the seed material is removed and planted for further growth in a box.

Reproduction

You can seat the anemone in 4 ways:

• seeds;
• tubers;
• dividing the rhizome;
• bush.

The choice depends on the variety, plant maturity, region of growth.

Seed

Flower seeds can be sown in open ground at the end of the growing season: October-November. In cold regions, seedlings are grown from seeds. Sowing is done at the end of January - in boxes filled with peat-sand substrate. The depth of embedding in the grooves is 1 centimeter.

The soil mixture is regularly moistened. The temperature before germination is not higher than 13 degrees. With spitting sprouts - drops to 4 degrees. With the appearance of 2-3 leaves, anemones dive, plant in separate pots and keep until planting in the ground at 10 degrees.

Vegetative

When breeding anemones with seeds, there is a risk of getting offspring with a limited number of maternal traits. It is possible to plant anemones with long rhizomes when the snow has completely melted, or in October.In the spring, the roots are dug up, kept for some time in heated water. The next procedure is to divide into pieces of 5 centimeters, with an eye on each.

Parts of the root are placed horizontally, in soft soil, to a depth of up to 5 centimeters, sprinkled with earth and moistened. In full force, the plant will enter in 3 years. When propagating in autumn, parts of the root are not soaked, they are deepened into the ground up to 10 centimeters.

Plants that have reached 4-5 years old are seated by dividing the bush. The flower is dug out of the ground without removing the ground part. The bush is divided by the number of stems and placed in prepared planting pits. Sprinkle with soil and moisturize.

When dividing a tuber, 2-3 equivalent parts are obtained.

Features of winter care

In regions where the air temperature can drop to 30 degrees or more, anemones should be dug out of the ground and prepared for storage until spring.With the onset of frost, the plants are removed from the soil and left to dry. Then the ground part and the ends of the roots are cut off from the tubers, protecting the growth buds.

Tubers are placed in a container with dry sand or peat, covered with a layer of 5-7 centimeters. Storage during the winter months - in a dark, dry room at temperatures up to +10 degrees. In the southern regions, during warm winters, anemones are left in their place of growth, covered with a 20-cm layer of fallen leaves and spruce branches.

Landscape use

Anemone clearings, selected according to varieties, for flowering from April to October, serve as a decoration for a personal plot. In landscape design, flowers are planted on alpine hills, next to undersized shrubs, in the form of a flower bed on the lawn.

Answers to questions

Question: Is it possible to grow a crown anemone in the Middle Urals without digging for the winter?

Answer: You can, if you carefully cover. But there is a high probability of wetting and rotting of the roots during early thaws.

Question: What if the fallen leaves for an anemone shelter serve as a wintering ground for garden pests?

Answer: In this case, you will either have to dig up the tubers or cover them with spruce branches.

Reviews

Karina, Rostov

“There are luxurious, amazing flowers, and anemones, especially spring ones, are cute. It is simply impossible to walk past them and not pay attention.”

Olga, Moscow

"I really like crown anemones. Indeed, these are princesses among flowers. Fragile, touching and beautiful.”

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