Yakovlevskaya pear: variety description and characteristics, growing rules, pollinators

Yakovlevskaya pear is a winter pear variety bred by breeders for growing in areas with a short and cool summer season. This variety ripens in early autumn and can be stored until the New Year holidays. The Yakovlev pear is recommended to be grown in the regions of the central part of Russia. Let's take a closer look at what this variety is and what are its advantages and disadvantages.

The history of the creation of the variety

The Yakovlevskaya pear variety was bred by breeders, along with a whole line of other varieties, for winter cultivation at the end of the last century. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, the variety was entered into the State Register.

Characteristics and descriptions of pear Yakovlevskaya

Yakovlevskaya pear is a winter variety of fruit crops. It begins to ripen in September. It is best adapted to the Middle Strip, but it is possible to grow it in any region. The variety is resistant to diseases and tolerates drought and winter frosts well.

Resistant to diseases and pests

The variety has a high immunity to diseases of fungal origin. However, it can be contaminated with rust. Well protected from harmful insects.

Description of tree and fruits

A tree of this variety can reach a height of ten meters. The crown has the correct shape. Shoots are straight, brown. The leaves are green, ovate, elongated, finely serrated.

In order to better set the fruit, the tree should be grown next to other pear varieties that have similar flowering and fruiting periods. The fruits have a classic elongated pear shape, characterized by the presence of a smooth hard skin.

A ripe pear turns yellowish with a red blush. The mass of the fetus can reach two hundred grams. Peduncle of medium size, curved shape. The seeds of the fruit are of medium size, brown. The flesh of the fruit is tender, oily, juicy. The taste is sweet and sour.

Drought and winter hardiness

Like other winter varieties, Yakovlevskaya pear has high frost resistance, it is slightly damaged by frost. Able to withstand temperatures down to minus thirty-eight degrees Celsius. In addition, the crop is relatively drought tolerant.

Pollination

The pear is partially self-pollinating, so other pollinating varieties must be present when it is grown on the site. They should have similar flowering and ripening dates as Yakovlevskaya.

Terms of flowering and ripening

Culture begins to bloom in May. The flowers are large, white or pinkish. The fruits ripen in mid-late September. Ripe fruits become firm, green or yellowish in color, with a red blush.

Yields

A young tree can produce from thirty kilograms of fruit per season. With increasing age, the amount of harvest increases several times, depending on the pollination of flowers.

Transportability

The variety has a high transportability due to its tough skin.

Main positives and negatives

Yakovlev pear has its advantages and disadvantages. The main positive aspects of the culture are high yields, large tasty fruits with a high sugar content, keeping quality and ability to be transported.In addition, the pear is undemanding to care for, tolerates frost and drought, is immune to most diseases and pests.

The negative side of the variety is the low precocity. Also, if the tree is not pruned regularly, it will produce little fruit.

The nuances of landing

Yakovlevsky pear can be planted both in spring and autumn. In the spring, seedlings are planted after the positive air temperature has been established. A pear can be planted on any soil, but if the soil is poor, it should be fertilized with manure.

Choosing a seat

Pear does not tolerate transplantation, so the choice of location must be approached responsibly. The site should be flat, dry, with fertile soil, sunlight should freely fall on it. It is necessary to maintain a distance in relation to residential buildings and buildings. The distance must be at least three meters.The pear does not like dimming, so the trees should be planted at a distance from each other. The place must be free from drafts.

Preparation of planting material

It is better to buy seedlings not in the market, but in the nursery. Seedlings should have a sticker with the name of the variety, brief information, as well as information about the breeder and recommendations for planting.

Landing

When planting a tree in the spring, they dig a pit one meter deep in the ground, add humus to it. Make the distance between the pits from three to six meters. The soil in the pit should settle evenly, do not leave the walls smooth. The seedling is immersed in the ground after two to three weeks. Water the first week daily, then watering is reduced to once a month. When planting in autumn, the tree must be provided with shelter for wintering.

Plant care

Yakovlevskaya pear does not require special care. It is enough to water the tree regularly, in the required quantities, apply fertilizers in time and cover the plant for the winter.

Water frequency

After planting, the seedling should be watered daily for the first week. Further watering is reduced to once a month. If there is stagnation of liquid in the soil, it is necessary to build drainage, as the pear cannot withstand excess moisture.

Fertilization

Until mid-July, nitrogen and organic fertilizers are applied to the soil for young seedlings. Mature trees are fed with nitrogen fertilizers in spring, and phosphorus or potash fertilizers in autumn.

Preparation of landings for winter

Before the first winter frosts, the soil should be mulched with sawdust, grass or straw. For a young seedling for the winter season, shelter is needed. As a shelter, roofing material or similar materials are suitable. Young trees and seedlings should be covered with spruce branches or spruce branches.

Pests and diseases

The variety is immune to diseases of fungal origin.The only disease that affects trees is rust. Yellow spots appear on the leaves, which become brown over time. When rust appears, the affected fruits must be removed, and the tree treated with Bordeaux mixture.

Among insect pests, aphids and gall mites are dangerous for the variety.

The gall mite infects fruits and buds and prevents them from developing. Trees cease to bear fruit, buds and shoots rarely appear. Leaves damaged by mites must be destroyed. The plant must be treated with acaricides.

Aphids feed on the juice of the leaves, which causes them to wither. From aphids, the leaves are treated with a soapy solution, in the proportion of one hundred milliliters of soap per liter of clean water. Also, the use of a dandelion solution is suitable for the fight.

To prevent diseases, you need to treat trees with whitewash in the spring and do not forget to fertilize the soil in time.

Harvesting and storage of crops

The pear is harvested two or three times in one season. The ripeness of the fruit is indicated by a yellowish-green color with a red blush. Fruit should be firm to the touch. They can be stored in the refrigerator for up to three months after harvest.

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