Belarusian late pear: variety description, planting and growing rules, pollinators

Delicious fruit fruits are relevant at any time of the year. They are pleasing to the eye and can decorate any table. Pear varieties Belarusian late - autumn variety with a long shelf life. This variety is frost-resistant, and caring for such trees is not difficult. To grow such a crop, it is important to know the intricacies of planting and caring for it.

History of Belarusian late pear variety

Winter variety Belorusskaya late was bred by sowing self-pollinated pear Dobraya Luiza. Since 2002, the pear has been cultivated in Russia and is suitable for the central and northern regions. Breeders are gradually developing more perfect types of this variety.

Description and characteristics of the variety

The tree has a dense crown resembling a ball. The height of the pear can be up to 5 meters. Small oval-shaped leaves have a light green color. White flowers with elliptical petals emerge from cone-shaped buds. The fruits have an elongated shape with a rough skin and tender juicy pulp. Their taste qualities are far ahead of another winter-hardy variety - Winter Belarus.

Belarusian late is considered a partially self-pollinated variety. However, to increase the yield, gardeners artificially pollinate the plant. The best pollinators for this pear are such varieties as Bereloshitskaya, Conference or Oily Loshitskaya.

A tree can pollinate on its own only if it is planted near these plants.

Main advantages and disadvantages

Like any other pear variety, Belarusian late pear has a number of advantages:

1. Precocity. The first fruits can be obtained 3-4 years after planting the tree.
2. Months of storage of fruits when the necessary conditions are provided. In some cases, they remain until April.
3. Winter hardiness. Due to this characteristic, the variety is actively used by gardeners in cold climates.

However, there are also disadvantages:

• fruiting is not constant;
• the plant is susceptible to the harmful effects of diseases: scab and fire blight;
• with abundant harvests, the fruits themselves become smaller;
• The tree's tendency to thicken its crown requires regular pruning.

Existing shortcomings of the variety are offset by excellent taste. And with proper care, minor flaws are not a hassle.

Crop specifics

In order for the culture to regularly bear fruit and not lose its qualities, it is necessary to take a responsible approach to its cultivation. It is important to consider all aspects: the place, time and sequence of landing, as well as further care.

Place and time of boarding

On where the tree is located, not only its appearance, but also the quality of the fruit depends. Culture prefers a warm and bright place. It is advisable to place a tree on the south side of buildings or near a fence to reduce the negative impact of cold winds. The lowland is not suitable for this variety, as cool air accumulates in it, and melt water remains for a long time.

Belarusian late pear is planted in spring - before buds appear, after snow melts. You can plant a pear tree in the fall - before the onset of frost. This will allow the pear to take root before severe frosts, and next season the sprout will grow.

Selection of seedlings

Saplings with open roots or grown in containers are used as planting material. An ideal option for acquiring a seedling is a nursery in which the specimen you like is dug up before being sold. When choosing sprouts with an open root system, you need to pay attention to the appearance of the plant:

• there should be no visible damage on the leaves;
• it is better to choose roots with a length of at least 30 centimeters;
• root system without growths, blackness and mold;
• bark is smooth and not dry.

If the sprout is less than a year old, it may not have branches. On a two-year-old seedling - the beginnings of small branches.

Correct fit

The landing technology involves the following sequence of actions:

1. Preparing the soil. It must be enriched with fertilizers and loosened. The planting hole is dug up to 80 centimeters deep, with a diameter of about a meter.
2. Dipping seedlings into the center of the hole.
3. Backfilling with a mixture of soil, manure, river sand and mineral fertilizers.
4. Packing the landing site.
5. Plentiful watering.
6. Mulching with bark or small wood shavings.

Before planting, the roots of seedlings can be soaked in a solution of Kornevin to improve root formation.

Features of tree care

It's not enough just to plant a crop. She needs regular care and attention.

Water and loosening

Belorusskaya late variety trees are resistant to arid climate. However, with a prolonged drought, it is recommended to water the pear twice a week with clean water. For one unit, you need to spend from 50 to 70 liters. In order for fertilizers to penetrate deep into the root system, the upper part of the soil should be loosened. This procedure will help improve the plant's air supply and fight weeds.

Fertilizers

A couple of years after planting, the pear must be fed with mineral mixtures and organic solutions. Pear trees respond positively to nitrogen fertilization.

The optimal combination of pear nutrition is a mixture of bone meal and ash from deciduous trees. In the future, fertilizers are applied twice a year - in spring and autumn. If there are problems with the appearance of the tree, it is possible to add summer dressings foliarly. Top dressing should be applied only after abundant watering of the tree.

Cutting

To form a beautiful crown, a young tree is pruned, leaving 3-4 branches that visually look developed. About a quarter of the height is cut off the trunk. Pruning is carried out in the spring months or in the fall.

Important! In order not to harm the tree, a sharp pruner or garden knife should be used for pruning.

It is important to remove all damaged branches. If they are large, they should be removed on the ring.

Whitewash

In the spring, the trunk should be protected from pests and sunlight. To do this, it is treated with lime. The event is also held in the autumn months - in order to avoid the reproduction of parasites and fungal infections. The procedure should be carried out in dry weather. To make a solution, you need to combine lime, blue vitriol, wood glue and water.

Preparing for winter

Even taking into account the fact that the variety is considered winter, the probability of freezing still exists. To protect the pear tree from low temperatures, a high layer of wood shavings is poured around the trunk, and the trunk itself is wrapped in paper.

Diseases, pests, prevention

Pear is prone to damage by harmful bacteria and insects. To prevent disease, preventive measures should be taken regularly.

Scab

When a fungus appears on the soil, scab damage can be assumed. Due to the disease, light spots appear on the leaves of the plant, and the fruits are covered with a dark coating, in which cracks with rot form. For treatment, the pear must be treated with a solution of fungicide and water.

Powdery mildew

This disease affects leaves and inflorescences. It affects young shoots. If damaged parts of the stem are found, they are removed and burned. To combat the disease, spraying with Fundazole or a solution of soda ash with liquid soap is used.

Leaflet

This pest feeds on leaves by rolling them into a tube. To combat it, insecticide solutions are used: Lepidocyte, Kinmiks, Karate. Damaged foliage and fruits should be removed and burned as a preventive measure against re-infection.

Pear codling moth

Insect lays eggs on the fruits, and then gnaws through the flesh to the seeds. It is them that she feeds on until the moment of pupation. As a preventive measure, spraying with insecticides is used. For example, Fitoverma.

Collecting and storage of late Belarusian pear harvest

The variety is winter, therefore, the harvest of its fruits should be started about three weeks earlier than other varieties. The fruits are picked by hand. The best container for this is a bag with a detachable day. This will allow you to carefully move the pears into any container without mechanical damage.

Important! To ensure proper storage, avoid separating the stem from the pear.

In the process of harvesting, it is desirable to carry out the initial sorting of pears. It is advisable to immediately set aside damaged fruits for processing.

He althy fruits should be stored in wooden boxes or special containers, in rooms with adequate ventilation. The room temperature can fluctuate between 2 and 9 degrees Celsius. To remove excess moisture from the room, it is enough to place several containers with s alt or lime.

The fruits should be laid in one (maximum two) layers, stalks up. Layers are shifted with newsprint. If more careful placement of the crop is possible, each fruit is wrapped in a newspaper.

Growing pear Belarusian late is an opportunity to decorate your garden and fill your diet with delicious fruits for several months.

Recommended