Pear Miracle: description and characteristics, planting and care, variety pollinators

The Chudesnitsa pear variety was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in 2004. Despite the youth of the hybrid, the winter ripening crop has been recognized by gardeners in the Central Black Earth region for its combination of winter hardiness and high yields.

Description and characteristics of the Chudesnitsa variety

Pear Chudesnitsa variety is good because you can enjoy the whole winter with your own grown, environmentally friendly fruits.

Fruits

Humpy green with a blush on the sides, the fruits, when ripe, become yellow-green, shaped like an elongated truncated cone. Smooth peel - medium dense, covered with a wax coating. The weight of one fruit ranges from 130-220 g.

The milky pulp of a pear with a cream shade is distinguished by a delicate texture without stony inclusions, a pronounced aroma. The juiciness of the fruit is due to the 85 percent water content. The balance of organic acids (10%) and sugars (0.3%), which determine the taste, lack of viscosity and astringency, was rated by professional tasters at 4.3 points out of 5 possible.

Fruit seeds - small, brown. The curved stem is firmly attached to the base.

Tree

Trunk, shoots of a 3-meter tree are smooth brown. The branches form a spreading pyramidal crown. The buds are small, cone-shaped, tightly pressed to the shoots. The green, glossy, egg-shaped leaves are serrated at the edges, pointed and arched at the ends.

The miracle pear blossoms with white 5-petal flowers collected in inflorescences. Lush, fragrant flowering begins in late May and lasts a week.

Use

In cooking, pears are used to make jam, marmalade, compote. Juice is squeezed out of the fruits, fruit pits are included in the formulation of caffeinated drinks. To give a piquant taste, pieces of Chudesnitsa pears are added to salads, sauces, pastries.

Traditional medicine uses the following properties of fruits:

• diuretic;
• anti-inflammatory;
• antipyretic;
• fixing;
• anti-sclerotic.

Pears reduce the cough reflex, contain a high content of potassium (160 mg per 100 g of product), which has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the heart, blood vessels, kidneys.

Yields

Full fruiting of the culture comes from the sixth year of the life of the fruit tree. The peak of productivity falls on the 13th-15th year after planting, when up to 80 kg of fruits are harvested from one Miraculous pear. At the age of 6-12 years, the average yield is -50 kg per tree or 130 centners per 1 ha.

Pollinators

Low self-fertility of the Chudesnitsa pear involves planting in the neighborhood simultaneously flowering varieties Nika, Feeria, which significantly increase the number of ovaries.

Transportability

High transportability of the variety is used by large horticultural farms and gardeners growing fruits on individual plots, when transporting fruits over long distances to places of sale.

The main positive and negative aspects of the pear

The Chudesnitsa pear variety was appreciated by gardeners and farmers for its positive characteristics:

• frost resistance up to -38°С;
• decorative crown;
• dessert taste of fruit with pear-flower aroma;
• compact, low tree size, easy maintenance, harvesting;
• keeping quality, high transportability;
• long shelf life;
• universality of application;
• high resistance to rust, scab, pests;
• stable fruiting;
• high artificial immunity.

Among the shortcomings of pears, they note the need for regular pruning, since with a thickened crown, the plant does not have the strength to form full-fledged fruits. The second drawback is the need to plant pollinators nearby.

Crop specifics

Until the planting of the Chudesnitsa pear, gardeners determine the time and place, choose a suitable seedling. When planting crops, follow the recommended algorithm.

Choice of time and place

In the climatic zone of Central Russia, it is preferable to plant Miraculous in April before the buds open. During the season, the culture manages to take root, gain strength for wintering.

In the southern regions, a tree planted in September normally takes root and develops.

When choosing a landing site, lowlands and shady corners of the garden are excluded. Pear is initially a heat-loving plant that requires good sun exposure. Therefore, other tall fruit trees are planted no closer than 5 meters from the pear.

The combination of winter frosts and the close occurrence of groundwater is detrimental to the crop.

Since the pear does not tolerate transplants, it is important to prepare suitable soil on the site. The tree loves loose, fertile soil that retains moisture at the roots.

Preparation of planting material

Starting from the age of three, seedlings take root poorly. For the normal rooting of the Miracle pear, a 1-2 year old tree with elastic shoots without dry patches, deformations, or mechanical damage is chosen.

A seedling with open roots is soaked before planting, the roots are shortened to 20 cm. Experienced gardeners recommend diluting a Heteroauxin growth stimulator tablet or 1 tbsp in a bucket of water. l. honey.

How to properly plant a seedling

From autumn until the first frost, a planting hole is prepared with a width and depth of 80 cm. A drainage layer is made at the bottom, watered so that the earth settles. In the spring, the top arable layer is connected with three buckets of humus. In addition to organics, mineral fertilizers are added - 200 g of superphosphate, 50 g of potassium sulfate and 2 buckets of sand, which increases the friability of the soil.

Choose a cloudy day and start planting the Miraculous pear, observing the technology:

• a low mound is built from the prepared substrate at the bottom;
• stick a stake;
• the seedling is lowered in the center of the elevation, straightening each root;
• fall asleep with substrate, lightly tamp the surface;
• watering the seedling with a bucket of water;
• mulch near-stem circle with sawdust, hay;
• tie a tree to a support.

The top of the pear is darker than the roots. At the border of the color change, there is a root neck, which, after planting, should rise 2-4 cm above the ground .

Further tree care

Further care for the Miraculous pear includes moderate watering, obligatory pruning, preparation for cold weather. They preserve the he alth of the crop, the crop is fertilized in the soil, preventive treatments against diseases, pests.

Water and fertilize

The Wonder Woman is poured into the grooves. The first one is dug around the trunk with a depth of 10-15 cm in diameter with a crown. The second furrow is made closer to the trunk, stepping back from the first half a meter.

In a snowy winter, an adult tree is watered at the end of March. If there was enough snow, irrigation is carried out after the crop has faded. A fruiting pear requires at least 30 liters of water per 1 sq. m.

The seedling of the first year of life is watered every week in the amount of 10 l.

When forming, pouring fruits, the plant is irrigated abundantly. This period falls in the middle of June.

The next wetting of the crop is in August a month before harvest.

Immediately after leaf fall, water-charging irrigation is done to prevent freezing of the root system in winter.

Feed the pear until the ovary is formed three times. The first time - during the awakening of the kidneys with urea or urea (100 g per tree). In the flowering phase, the culture is fertilized with a solution of chicken manure or mullein (30 l). When the flower petals fall, nitroammophoska (50 g per bucket of water) is brought under the tree.

In summer, the leaves are sprayed with a solution of magnesium sulfate. In July, superphosphate is added under the tree, which increases the sugar content and keeping quality of fruits.

In autumn, to increase frost resistance, Miraculous is fertilized with preparations containing potassium, phosphorus or ash.

Cutting

Forming pruning by the tiered method begins from the third year of the life of the Miraculous pear. The procedure is carried out every spring before the start of the growing season, until the plant reaches 7 years. Begin with the formation of the first tier of culture. To do this, leave 2-3 skeletal multidirectional branches on the trunk, located at the same distance from the ground.

The next year, the branches of the second order are cut by a third, the young shoots are removed and branches are left 50-60 cm higher than the first tier to form the second tier. Pear pruning continues in the following years according to the same pattern.

At the end of the formation of the skeleton of a tree, sanitary pruning is carried out annually, removing diseased ones that have not survived the winter, and non-fruiting shoots (tops), thickening the crown.

Whitewash

In autumn and early spring, when the snow has not yet melted in places, the trunk and lower branches of the pear are whitened. This simple action protects fruit tree bark from rodents in winter and prevents sunburn in spring.

A bucket of water will require 2 kg of lime and 200 g of copper sulfate. It is more convenient to purchase ready-made paint with special additives that protect the culture and ensure the durability of the whitewash.

Preparing for winter

Preparatory work for a painless entry into the winter Miraculous pear standard:

• clean the near-trunk circle from plant residues;
• remove rotten fruit from the tree;
• irrigate abundantly (5-7 buckets);
• mulch the soil around the trunk.

Mature trees have enough mulch, spruce branches, brushwood, placed under the pear tree. Seedlings need to be warmed not only the root system, but also the trunk. It is wrapped with agrofibre, other covering material.

Diseases and pests of pears

Pear Chudesnitsa is resistant to fungal diseases, but for reinsurance it is recommended to spray the crop before the start of the growing season, during the budding period and after flowering. Use drugs that have proven their effectiveness in the amount specified in the instructions for use. These funds include:

• copper or iron sulfate;
• Bordeaux liquid;
• Hom;
• Topaz;
• Speed

Less toxic biological preparations Trichodermin, Fitoverm, Gaupsin.

Of insects, the Miraculous is most annoyed by the pear sucker, which is divided into 3 subspecies - red, yellow and spotted.

Insect larvae feed on the juice of the tips of the shoots, buds, leaf plates, inhibiting the growth of the culture. If urgent measures are not taken, the affected leaves will fly around, the pulp of the pear fruit will become woody.

In March-early April, a sheet is spread under a tree and adult suckers are shaken off the branches. If the pests fall en masse, Aktara treatment is required, which is repeated before and after flowering.

Harvest and storage of crops

Fruits Miraculous ripen by mid-September. For harvesting, you will need a stepladder, a metal hook for tilting branches and a basket. Fruits are plucked together with the stalk in dry sunny weather.

Pears are stored in cellars, cellars for up to 5 months at a temperature of 0-5° C, placed in a wooden box with holes. The fruits are shifted with paper and laid with the stalks up. If there is little fruit, store in the refrigerator.

Dried or frozen fruits are good for consumption throughout the year.

Pear Chudesnitsa is a successful result of the work of domestic breeders who have achieved a combination of the best characteristics in one variety, the possibility of growing crops in Central Russia.

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