Compound feed for chickens: the best composition and proportions, cooking with your own hands
A properly composed diet is the key to active growth and development of laying hens. Factory or self-mixed compound feed for chickens is the best nutrition option. When compiling them, several factors are taken into account: the age of the bird, the season, the availability of the acquisition of components. It is important to choose a mixture designed to feed a specific group of birds.
Compound feed in the diet of laying hens
It is entirely possible to replace regular grain mixes with complete ration type chicken feeds and make them the only food option.
Composition of chicken feed
For laying hens, manufacturers produce several types of feed. When choosing, take into account the age of the bird:
- balanced feed PK-2 made from corn, wheat, soybean and sunflower meal, fishmeal, vitamin and mineral supplements is made for young animals;
- Adult laying hens are fed a mixture of PC-1, consisting of wheat, meat and bone meal, sunflower oil, fodder yeast, vitamins and minerals.
The list of ingredients and the percentage is determined according to GOST. It is only necessary to take into account that an excess / lack of protein provokes a deterioration in egg production of chickens.
Feeding rates
The diet is based on certain standards. Approximate feed composition for laying hens:
- grains of cereals/legumes - 45/5 g respectively;
- mealy food - 20g;
- meals, yeast - 7 g each;
- animal food - 5 g;
- green food (root crops) - 55g;
- mineral supplements - 7g;
- s alt - 0.5 g.
Advice! When compiling the mixture, the time of year is taken into account. The summer diet is varied, and the winter diet is made more dietary.
How to give properly?
Feeding the birds is divided into several doses. Recommended schedule: at 8 am in the morning, at 1 pm for lunch and dinner at 6 pm. If in the summer the bird is released for free lunch grazing, then food is given twice a day (the main portion is poured out in the morning). In winter, a three-time feeding schedule is observed.
Compound feed consumption rates
Poultry nutrition should be strictly dosed, since overfeeding and underfeeding are equally harmful to he alth. The rates are calculated taking into account the age of the chickens. per day, g
| from 1 to 3 | 15-28 | |
| 4 to 8 | 35-501300 | |
| 9 to 16 | 55-70 | 2200 |
| 17 to 20 | 72- 90 | 3500 |
| 21 to 27 | 95-105 | 5700 |
| 28 to 45 | 115-120 | 15000 |
| 46 to 65 | 120 | 17000|
How to choose chicken feed?
Balanced feeds include all the nutrients needed for laying hens. When choosing a mixture, the age of the layers, seasonality are taken into account. Among the variety of feed manufacturing companies, several of the most popular can be distinguished. The top lines of the rating are occupied by: Cherkizovo Group, Prioskolie, Miratorg, Cargill, Rusagro. Among the imported feed suppliers, the top three leaders include the British concern AB Agri, the Addcon group of companies, and the French company Adisseo SAS.
Do-it-yourself compound feed
If you have time, you can make your own food to save time looking for a reliable manufacturer and shipping costs. Mixing ingredients is easy at home. It is important to choose the right composition and observe proportions. And then it is easy to prepare a complete feed.
Percentage ratio
The source of carbohydrates and the basic component is grain, the share of which can be up to 80%. The protein part will be provided by legumes, some of which are up to 45%. Cake, meal (sources of amino acids) account for up to 25%. The proportions of the components are depending on the age of the chickens, seasonality.
Which components to use
Since the composition of the feed affects the egg production of the bird, a balanced diet must be made. The diet is filled with carbohydrates, protein components, fats, vitamin and mineral supplements.
Concentrated (cereals)
These components contain about 70% easily digestible carbohydrates. It is advisable to use 2-3 types of cereals (corn, oats, wheat, rye, buckwheat, barley). To choose the optimal set, you need to trace which cereal the chickens peck more actively.Before the grain is added to the mixture, it is crushed or ground.
Vulky
Components contain a lot of fiber, vitamins that will reduce the risk of obesity. The feed is enriched with juicy fresh herbs, root crops, fruits, vegetables, berries, silage. If you want to get an egg with a rich orange yolk, carrots and pumpkin are added to the diet of laying hens. Coarse structure components (hay, dust) are used in winter.
Animal Origin
These are high protein foods. Manufacturers add waste from meat processing plants and fish leftovers to feed. At home, you can use dairy products, which will also be a source of calcium.
Yeasting
Yeast is added to a mixture of various types (grain, juicy, vitamin) to increase nutritional value. Yeast contains iron, phosphorus, proteins, proteins, a complex of vitamins. The additive (100 g of yeast per 10 kg of feed) is introduced into the warm mixture and kept for 6-9 hours (yeast lasts).
Important! Feed should be used within a couple of hours as the mixture then turns sour and becomes unusable.
Cooking process
When creating food, mix the ingredients thoroughly. It is easiest to work with ingredients of the same fraction. If components of different fractions are used, it is recommended to add some water/whey to the feed.
Basic recipes
When making any mixtures, it is recommended to use all components in the appropriate amount. Popular recipes:
| Ingredient 1, in grams | Ingredient 2, in grams |
|
wheat, 100-130 barley, 80 Peas, 30 Sunflower meal, 85 · bone meal, fish meal, 68 each yeast, 60 herbal flour, 60 s alt, 2 | wheat, 400-500
barley, 100-200 Wheat bran, 50 vegetable oil, 20 Meat flour, 35-70 chalk, 26-30 s alt, 3 |
Chicken options
For the nutrition of young chickens, mixtures of finely ground cereals are prepared. Approximate composition of the mixture for chickens of egg breeds, taking into account the week of age:Age
| 9-21 | 21 -47 | |||
| Corn | 30 | 30 | ||
| 40 | Wheat | 38 | 48 | |
| 20 | Sunflower meal | 17 | 2 | |
| 11 | Yeast | 3 | 3 | |
| 3 | Herbal flour | 36 | 4 | |
| Chalk | 2 | 1 | 3 | |
| S alt | - | 0, 4 | 1 | |
Mistakes when creating a diet
The quality of feed affects the he alth of birds, their ability to lay eggs and the quality of eggs. Therefore, it is necessary to exclude common mistakes in the preparation of the diet and the preparation of the mixture:
- ready feed is never supplemented with vitamin supplements (they are already in mixtures);
- if in the warm season the bird pecks at the grass in the pasture, then additional portions of greens are not added to the feed;
- It is not recommended to grind grains into flour, because large lumps form in the feed when liquid is added.
It is advisable to get a granulator to independently convert the dry mixture into granules of the desired size (chickens are fed small granules, and adult birds - larger ones). Properly selected components and proportions will improve the nutritional value and digestibility of the feed.Thanks to this, the bird will actively grow. High-quality compound feed will increase the productivity of chickens.
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