How much milk does a first-calf heifer give: average amount and what affects
Milk production matters when raising cows of any breed. How many liters of milk a first-calf heifer gives and what factors affect milk yield are not idle questions. In order for the productivity of cows to increase, it is necessary to take into account the composition of the diet, the climatic features of the region. The Holstein breed, according to statistics, is famous for the highest milk yields.
How much milk does a heifer give after calving?
Before the first milking, the cow is accustomed to the procedure in advance. Even a couple of months before calving, it is recommended to start a light feeling of the udder, massage. Periodically, the udder is washed from dirt with warm water so that the cattle get used to being touched.
On average, a heifer should give 7-15 liters per day. Although there are cases when the milk yield was 22-25 liters. After 7-10 days after calving, the milking period begins, lasting about three months. It is at this time that the maximum milk yield occurs (about 45% of the annual figure).
Yield for the next three months decreases and is 30-35%, but the quality of the product (protein content and fat content) increases.
At subsequent calvings, milk yields increase. This figure depends on the breed. There are other factors that affect productivity.
What factors influence milk supply?
It is known that dairy cows and meat and dairy cows will have higher productivity in terms of milk yield than meat cows.
To increase milk yield, pay attention to the following factors:
- seasonality - in the summer, milk yields will be higher, as the cattle receives fresh feed and is constantly moving. In winter, the diet changes, cows also have to expend energy to maintain body temperature;
- diet: Juicy summer food helps increase milk supply. In winter, compound feed is supplemented with vegetable peels, hay, straw, vitamins and minerals.
According to experienced breeders, livestock productivity is only 30-35% dependent on breed, and 70-65% on diet.
On average, 3000-3500 liters of milk per year is considered normal for a heifer, regardless of breed.
If it is not possible to milk 10-15 liters per day, it is necessary to consult a veterinarian, since the animal's disease may be the cause of poor milk yield. In order to increase milk yield, you need to choose a balanced diet, provide proper care for animals before and after calving.
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