Sinusitis in turkeys: symptoms and treatment, diagnosis and prevention of the common cold

Sinusitis is considered one of the most common disorders affecting many turkeys. In veterinary medicine, the pathology is often called respiratory mycoplasmosis. In order to timely identify the symptoms of sinusitis in turkeys and choose a treatment, it is important to familiarize yourself with the clinical picture of the disease and know the sources of its occurrence. Medicines and folk recipes will help to cope with the pathology.

Description of disease

Respiratory mycoplasmosis or sinusitis is an infectious pathology caused by specific microorganisms. The causative agent is a cross between a virus and a bacterium.When exposed to the mucous membranes, pathogens spread rapidly in the body, causing damage to the sinuses and respiratory tract. The key danger of the disease is that its symptoms can occur only 10 days after infection. During this time, pathology can affect the bulk of the livestock.

Pathology can be acute or chronic. To a greater extent, turkey poults aged from 2 weeks to 4 months suffer from it. The maximum number of cases of the disease occurs in autumn and winter, when the birds' immunity is weakened and the intake of vitamins in the body decreases.

Infection with mycoplasmosis is carried out by airborne droplets from an infected bird. Pathology can spread through food, water, household items or tools. If the disease is detected in time, it can be successfully cured. In the absence of therapy, the threat of death is high.

Symptoms of the disease

Pathology can be acute or chronic.Given the nature of the course of the disease, certain signs are present. In an acute course, there is an abundant discharge of mucus from the nose, swelling of the larynx, and wheezing. With the appearance of sinusitis in a chick, its growth rate slows down significantly. With the development of mycoplasmosis, immunity is significantly weakened. Therefore, a turkey with such a diagnosis is more susceptible to respiratory viruses and bacterial infections.

In the chronic form of pathology, there is a risk of a significant decrease in productivity. At the same time, birds practically do not increase body weight and do not bring eggs. Since all products are contaminated, it is forbidden to use eggs for breeding. They do not fertilize and are not suitable for nutrition. Young birds with sinusitis often die.

Pathogens and causes of occurrence

The causative agent of mycoplasmosis is a microorganism that is a cross between a virus and a bacterium. Infection is carried out at the time of penetration of the pathogen into the body and its contact with the mucous membranes of the respiratory system. After that, it multiplies, which provokes suppuration. As a result, microorganisms enter the systemic circulation. If this is not prevented, the pathology can become chronic. Causes of infection include:

1. Weak immune system. Therefore, chicks and young birds are more susceptible to disease.
2. Stress factors.
3. Permanent drafts.
4. Using infected tools.
5. Contact with infected birds.
6. Lack of vitamins A and D.
7. Infection of water and food.
8. Using eggs from diseased individuals.

Sinusitis is transmitted by airborne droplets. Therefore, the disease is characterized by rapid spread. If one bird is sick, the rest are also at risk. Therefore, the infected turkey should be separated from the rest.

Diagnostic measures

Pathology is characterized by a wide range of symptoms. Therefore, it is very problematic to distinguish it from other ailments. Only a veterinarian can make an accurate diagnosis. First of all, sinusitis is recommended to be distinguished from aspergillosis, smallpox, pasteurellosis, beriberi.

To diagnose mycoplasmosis, it is recommended to closely monitor the symptoms of pathology. You also need to do a laboratory test. It will help detect the pathogen.

How to properly treat sinusitis in turkeys at home

For the correct treatment of sinusitis in birds, it is important to consult a veterinarian. The specialist will prescribe medication. In addition to such therapy, it is permissible to use folk recipes.

Medications

To cure the pathology, it is worth using antibiotics. They are recommended to be injected directly into the cleaned sinuses. If there are no skills, it will not be possible to do without the help of a veterinarian. Violations in therapy can lead to an aggravation of the situation. Most often, with such a diagnosis, the following means are used:

1. "Tylosin-200" - for the treatment of turkeys, it is recommended to mix 5 grams of the product with 10 liters of water and water the birds for 5 days.
2. "Pharmazin-500" - to eliminate the pathology, it is recommended to use 1 gram of the drug per 1 liter of water and give the solution to birds twice a day for 10 days.

Also, Farmazin-500 can be injected into the sinuses. To do this, use 2 milligrams of funds. The use of such substances has a powerful effect on the immune system, so you cannot use them on your own.

Folk methods and recipes

Treatment of the common cold with folk remedies does not produce the desired effect. To eliminate the disease, antibiotics must be used. At the same time, folk recipes help strengthen immunity and increase resistance to pathologies. This helps stimulate recovery.

For maintenance treatment it is worth using the following remedies:

1. Infusion of strawberries and leaves. It helps to strengthen the immunity of birds, slightly reduces temperature parameters, and reduces nasal discharge. This remedy is recommended to be given to turkey poults instead of water 3 times a day.
2. Chamomile decoction. This substance successfully copes with the symptoms of inflammation in the nose, reduces swelling, and helps strengthen the immune system. It should be given several times a day.

Bird Quarantine

Infected poultry is a danger to the rest of the livestock. Therefore, sick individuals should be immediately separated from he althy ones. This helps to avoid the spread of infection and the death of birds. Usually the duration of quarantine is at least 3 weeks. At this time, the bird needs to provide optimal conditions:

1. Create a ventilation system.
2. Change bedding every day. The room should be frequently disinfected and wet cleaned.
3. Give the birds plenty to drink. The water must be clean and at room temperature.
4. Rethink nutrition. To prevent weakening of the immune system, it is recommended to use vitamins and minerals. Herbal decoctions are also suitable for this purpose - chamomile, wormwood, nettle.
5. Control the room temperature. It should stay at the level of + 20-25 degrees. It is important to ensure that there are no drafts in the house.

Preventive measures

It is much easier to prevent the development of pathology than to deal with its consequences. For prevention, it is worth taking a number of measures.

Compliance with the temperature regime

The temperature regime is selected taking into account the age of birds:

1. In the first 7 days of life, the temperature in the room should be +32-34 degrees.
2. On the 8-14th day, the temperature should be gradually reduced. It should be +28-32 degrees.
3. On the 15-21st day, the temperature parameters are set at +26-28 degrees.
4. From day 22 the temperature can be +18 degrees.

Containment conditions

The conditions of detention are of great importance for the prevention of sinusitis. It is recommended to follow these rules:

1. No more than 10 birds aged 8 weeks per 1 square meter. As for adult turkeys, their number should not exceed 3.
2. It is strictly forbidden to keep turkeys with other birds.
3. The house litter needs to be changed every day.
4. Ventilation is essential. At the same time, there should be no drafts.

Diet

Quality diet is important. It should contain a sufficient amount of vitamins and minerals. For this, birds should be given greens and fresh vegetables. It is recommended to include cereals in the menu - corn, wheat, oats. Also, birds should be given legumes and root crops.

Cleaning and disinfection

Regular cleaning will help prevent the spread of disease. If an infected bird has been identified, it is important to disinfect the premises.To do this, use a solution of slaked lime or potassium permanganate. Sinusitis is a dangerous pathology that is very common among turkeys. To cope with the disease, it is worth using medicines. To improve the state of immunity, it is worth using folk recipes.

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