Equipment for cattle: what is needed for farms and how to choose the right one

Livestock is an industry for the production of meat and dairy products, which is in demand, as it creates essential goods. For this reason, the number of farms and mini-farms is growing. But cattle can grow well and give high milk yields only in the right conditions, which are difficult to achieve without cattle equipment.

What equipment is needed for cattle farms

You can serve a herd of 100 or more heads with the help of workers. But for large farms it is not technological and unprofitable. Because the number of employees in this case is calculated from labor standards.There should not be more than 25 cows per shift per person. At the same time, animals must be periodically washed, watered, fed and kept clean.

However, human work is no match for specialized equipment. It includes:

• slit floor equipment;
• mechanized drinkers;
• stall equipment;
• milking machines.

To organize a mechanized farm, the installation of equipment must be provided during design and construction.

The floor equipment is a structure of tanks and guides below ground level, made of concrete, equipped with pumping stations. A concrete or wooden floor with 3.7 cm slots is installed above the tanks. This technology protects the cattle's hooves from injury, and manure and dirt should go by gravity into the tank. Further, the mass is pumped out by pumps to special collections.If no gaps are provided, then the floor is made at a slope and covered with a polyurethane bedding. You can also install heat-insulating sand-polymer mats, which is necessary in the cold season.

For productive milk production, cows must be provided with a normal amount of water. On day 1, a cow should consume 50-70 liters. At the same time, with 1 liter of drinking liquid, the animal gives up to 2 g of milk. Mechanized drinkers are containers that can hold up to 500 liters of water. They are made of heat-insulating materials and must provide a constant normal water temperature. They are equipped with a float device that monitors a constant level. Automatically, the old fluid is periodically drained for renewal.

Farms are also equipped with stall equipment, which must be safe, provide food for cattle and prevent them from leaving the allotted territory.Represents system of sections with lattices, gates and fodder tables. All elements are made of stainless pipes of round section.

To maintain hygiene standards, equipment must be cleaned and washed periodically. The farmer needs to think about a good ventilation system and ensuring that enough light enters.

What to look for when choosing

The most important criterion when choosing equipment for any manufacturer is its economic efficiency. But this concept contains a lot of details. Therefore, when choosing, you should pay attention to the following:

1. The material from which the equipment is made. It must be durable, resistant to aggressive chemicals, not corrode and withstand cattle pressure.
2. The dimensions of the sections should allow the animal to feel comfortable. Sections should be able to change the size and height of the chest and neck supports.
3. The protective cover should be easy to clean so as not to delay the work of the staff.
4. Manufacturability during installation, dismantling and repair.
5. Durability.
6. Good value for money.

If the selected equipment meets these qualities, then it will be able to generate income for the owner of the farm for many years.

What problems might you encounter

Most often, farmers face he alth problems in cattle due to improper installation of equipment. It is important for cows to have enough free space, otherwise they will rest in the wrong position. This leads to disorders that do not allow the animal to develop normally and produce the planned amount of milk.Sometimes such diseases lead to impaired reproductive function. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the maintenance personnel individually adjust the stall equipment.

Insufficiently warm and damp sand bedding leads to sores on the soles of the hooves. This causes lameness in cattle. The result is a decrease in activity. Cows eat less, drink less and therefore lose weight and produce less milk. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the floor. It must be dry and warm. Manure and dirt must be drained into special containers.

You should not arrange rest and milking of cattle in the same room. For the well-being of animals, a special milking parlor should be arranged. Scientific studies show that in this case, productivity increases by 20%. For the productivity of animals, you need to pay a lot of attention to them. Therefore, farmers must ensure that the service personnel do their job well.

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