Black turkey: description of the Tikhoretskaya breed and characteristics, breeding

The breed of black Tikhoretsk turkeys was bred in the 50s of the 20th century in the Krasnodar Territory. The parental forms for the breed were local individuals and bronze broad-chested. As a result, a new broiler variety was bred. It can be bred both on an industrial scale and in private farms. Consider the description and characteristics of the breed, the technology of its breeding and cultivation.

Description of the breed

Tikhoretsky turkeys are now bred not only in the Krasnodar Territory, but also in other regions of Russia and in neighboring countries, because they easily get used to new conditions and climate. The variety got its name due to the plumage color - black, shiny, with a bronze tint. The body of turkeys is strong, elongated and wide. A distinctive external feature of Tikhoretsk turkeys is thin feathers at the base of the neck. Feathers are clearly visible in adult birds.

The head is small, the skin on it is gray, the skin outgrowths are red, the legs are long, also gray. The plumage of the chicks is olive in color, with dark spots along the body. Turkeys of this breed are active, love to walk, so they are not suitable for constant keeping indoors.

Characteristics of black Tikhoretsk turkeys

Tikhoretskaya breed belongs to the light type. At 14 months, males weigh 9 kg, females - 6 kg. However, young growth shows rapid growth rates. At 3.5 months, turkeys can weigh 4 kg.

The meat of Tikhoretsk turkeys is juicy, with excellent taste. It is not fibrous, without an unpleasant smell and taste. Females begin to lay eggs at 9-10 months. For a year, from one turkey, you can get 80 pieces of eggs weighing 80 g each.The hatchability of turkeys is 84%. One female can incubate 2 dozen eggs. Tikhoretsk turkeys hatch and raise offspring responsibly.

Pros and cons

Pros and consadaptability to different conditions of detention and climatic;activity, vitality;tasty meat;good egg production;the instinct of incubation and rearing of turkeys;the possibility of using purebred birds to breed other breeds.

There are almost no shortcomings in turkeys, except for their moderate size and weight.

Conditions and care

Adult Tikhoretsky turkeys can show aggression towards people and other birds, so you need to keep them separately in the house.For growing turkey poults and living for an adult bird, it is necessary to allocate a spacious poultry house in which the birds will not feel cramped. For 1 bird should account for 1 square. m.

In close quarters, turkeys often develop infectious diseases and stress disorders.

Turkeys do not like cold, drafts, dampness and dirt. For the good development of the chicks, the prevention of diseases, you need to constantly keep the room clean, change the litter, clean the feeders, inventory, drinkers. In summer and winter, you should try to maintain an approximately constant temperature - about 20 ˚С. If the poultry house is not insulated, it needs to be insulated by winter, in the cold the birds grow worse and do not rush. In extreme cold, the house will have to be heated. At any time of the year, the room must be ventilated to freshen the air.

In the warm season, turkeys of the Tikhoretsk breed need to be walked in a paddock. Walking is good for the physical and mental he alth of the bird, increasing its productivity.

Diet

Black turkey poults are fed with grain mixtures, into which grass chopped, bran, meal, grated vegetables, root crops are introduced. Premixes, chalk, shell, s alt are necessarily added to the mixture. Mixers are prepared on water or yogurt, they should be crumbly, not liquid, so as not to stick in the throat of birds. At each feeding in the drinkers you need to change the water. When the turkeys of the black Tikhoretskaya breed grow up to a month old, they are transferred to adult birds.

Adult turkeys are fattened either with compound feed or grain and vegetable mash. They add grass, garden tops, herbs, mineral supplements. Compound feed and mixers are given 3 times a day. Compound feed or mixtures are poured into the feeders by 2/3 so that the birds do not scatter the excess. All leftovers after feeding are immediately removed. Drinkers should always have fresh, clean water. Before slaughter, turkeys are fed up to 4 months.

How to properly breed a breed

To get eggs for breeding, you need to put nests in the house in the amount of 1 for 2-3 females. A tribal flock is formed from 1 turkey for 3-4 turkeys. For a while, until they lay eggs, they need to be kept separately. You can leave them for the female to hatch or use an incubator.

The mother hen, who hatched the chicks, will bring them up. Until they grow up, they should be kept in a separate room with their mother so that they do not fall under the feet of an adult bird.

When Tikhoretsk turkeys are crossed with representatives of other breeds, hybrids with valuable traits are obtained. But with further breeding among themselves, they are lost.

Diseases

The biggest problem for the black turkey farmer is infections and eating disorders. The causes of diseases lie in non-compliance with the rules of care and maintenance, improper feeding. Usually, infectious diseases develop where the bird lives on dirty bedding, is kept in a cramped, dark, damp room, and does not go for walks. Prevention of infections and eating disorders consists in regular cleaning of the room, changing the bedding, airing the room and disinfecting it.

Tikhoretsky black turkeys are not among the largest, but compensate for this shortcoming with rapid growth, low feed intake, and meat quality. The breed can be grown in any region, in a private backyard or on a small farm. The technology of keeping and feeding is standard for this breed.

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