Onion batun: planting, growing and care in the open field with a photo

In April, the human body wants vitamins, garden greens, and then the onion batun saves, which replenishes the stocks of the necessary elements. A herbaceous plant from Asian countries came to us and gained popularity among residents of even the northern regions. Culture is valued for its endurance, the ability to endure spring frosts. The plant belongs to unpretentious species, because batun is grown for the sake of juicy green leaves, and the size of the bulb does not matter.

What is an onion batun?

The herbaceous plant is classified as a perennial, although there are also annual types of vegetables.

The roots of a batun are a complex bulb, from which leaves similar to a pipe depart. Therefore, another name for batun is piped bow. In diameter, green leaves reach two centimeters, and in length up to thirty - forty. Each child branch has five to seven leaves.

Among the shoots during the growing season, a dense stem appears, at the end of which a ball flaunts, consisting of many small white flowers. They exude a fragrance that attracts insects that pollinate the plant. Soon the flowers turn into seeds. Growing batun from onion seeds is used more often than vegetative propagation.

A variety of culture is a multi-tiered bow, which is divided into Chinese, Russian and Japanese types. All subspecies differ in the volume of green mass, the degree of branching, and the sharpness of taste. There are varieties of batun early and late ripening.

The advantage of growing cultivars is that onions:

gives large yields of green mass;
contains twice as much ascorbic acid in leaves;
earliest to ripen;
Resistant to vegetable diseases.

Without a batun in the spring, the diet loses many vitamins and minerals, so necessary for a person at this time.

Preparatory procedures at the site

Prepare a bed for planting perennial batun onions since autumn, when the harvest is harvested from the garden.

Before digging the site, add a bucket of compost for every square meter. As a source of phosphorus, the earth needs wood ash, and 150 grams of it is enough.

Impoverished soils are fed with ammonium nitrate, superphosphate (25 grams each), potassium chloride (15 grams). It is better to dilute the mineral complex in ten liters of water and spill the area.

In autumn, the composition of the soil is also checked, determining the pH level. For a perennial culture, acidity is needed closer to neutral, at 7.0 - 7.3 units. If the soil is acidic, then slaked lime is added or sprinkled with dolomite flour, planting in a garden bed.

It remains to dig up the soil or plow the area to a depth of eight to ten centimeters. After harrowing, the ridges are marked, leaving room for planting onions on the greens.

It is worth choosing an early variety of batun, which will ripen in April.

Choosing a landing site

The place for the culture is chosen based on the fact that the plant needs a site where:

no stagnant water;
fertile soils;
loamy or light sandy soil;
when there is partial shade or sun.

Although the herbaceous plant loves moisture, but prolonged rains will lead to waterlogging of low places where perennial onion batun grows. This is especially dangerous in March, when groundwater lying close to the surface floods the beds with the plant.

Good and bad predecessors for onion batun

Since the plant needs fertile soil, they choose areas where vegetables were grown that are suitable for crops as predecessors.

The planting of batun onions is organized where white and Chinese cabbage, potatoes, and tomatoes grew. The herbaceous plant feels good after radish, radish, dill and celery. You can plant a batun where the beans grew, since after the legumes the soil is saturated with useful substances. Vegetables and greens are harvested in autumn, and the beds are being prepared for planting onions.

You cannot plant a perennial crop after carrots, cucumbers, garlic. Spores of pathogenic fungi remaining in the ground will cause vegetable diseases.

Planting onions in the garden

Since it is easier to grow onion batun from seeds, you need to decide on the timing of sowing. After all, this can be done not only in spring, but also in autumn. They choose another time for sowing the plant.

The rules for planting onions include:

preparation of beds and seed material;

selection of planting density;
caring for planted material.

Seeds are used to grow both perennial and annual species of batun. In one place, a perennial culture can grow for seven years without losing its useful qualities. For an annual, the landing site is changed annually, not leaving it in the same area.

Preparing seeds before planting

Onion batun is propagated both by seeds and vegetatively. But preference is given to seeds, since when they are planted, the varietal qualities of the vegetable are preserved.

Seed germination is slow, so before sowing in the ground, planting material is soaked in cool water, leaving for a day. It is worth changing the water twice. After hardening, the seeds are dried.

To speed up the emergence of seedlings, place a bag of nigella in a solution with complex fertilizers. A warm solution of potassium permanganate will protect the seed from the action of pathogenic microorganisms.

With proper seed preparation, onion sprouts will appear within a week or ten days.

Scheme and depth of sowing seeds

The method of planting a perennial plant is tape in two lines.Between the tapes leave a gap of seventy centimeters. In a row, the distance should not be large, because the bulb does not form, so 10-15 centimeters is enough. The landing rate is considered to be 1.5-2.0 grams per square meter. In cold weather, the density increases to three grams per square meter.

The grains are buried 2-3 centimeters into the ground. Crops are sprinkled with a layer of mulch. After the seeds are deepened, the soil is slightly compacted, and after a week the beds must be loosened.

The timing of sowing seeds

Annual plant varieties are planted as soon as the snow melts, in the first half of March. In Siberia, the sowing time is the end of March.

You can postpone the planting of seeds for the summer. But they sow, taking into account the fact that before the cold weather there is time to grow a vegetable. When they gathered to sow onion batun in June, the vegetable will ripen in May.

But when you want to plant a batun in the fall, for the winter, then here they select such weather so that the plant does not freeze, rising ahead of time.

Harvest green mass depending on the time of sowing. Autumn planting will allow you to collect juicy feathers only in the middle of summer.

Annuals are valued for the large amount of feathers they produce during the growing season. But perennial varieties do not require constant planting. The batun was planted, and in the second year they begin to cut the leaves. During the season, useful foliage is harvested twice.

Care and cultivation of onion batun

You must know about the care and cultivation of batun onions. After all, without observing the rules of agricultural technology, a vegetable plant can die. We'll have to be careful about growing batun. Growing features include common activities that are performed regularly.Planting a vegetable requires:

watering;
feeding;
loosening.

Although a leafy vegetable rarely gets sick, you also need to be able to free it from infections, pests also need to be able to.

Irrigation mode

For a garden plant, soil moisture is important during the growing season. After the appearance of the first shoots, water abundantly to accelerate the growth of leaves. If the site for the vegetable is correctly selected, then there will be no stagnation of moisture. And young greens on the table will be received in two weeks. Every three days, ten liters of liquid per square meter of plantings are watered. During the dormant period, the frequency of moisturizing is reduced. To get a good harvest of green leaves, moderation is observed in watering.

Weeding and loosening row spacing

For a full-fledged vegetation, they monitor the planting density of the batun. Thinning is part of vegetable farming. Excess plants are removed, leaving a distance of six to nine centimeters.

Loosening of row spacing is carried out after each watering, removing the top crust. The depth of loosening should not exceed three to five centimeters, so as not to damage the roots of the plant.

During the dormant period, onion care is not stopped, freeing the beds from weeds. Shooting in culture happens all the time. Therefore, do not panic about what to do if the batun bow went into the arrow. If the seeds are not needed for sowing, then the arrows are cut off. But when all the stems go into arrows, this indicates a lack of moisture in the soil.

Fertilization

Like any plant, batun requires feeding during the growing season. Soil fertility is important for the growth of green mass. A vegetable is planted in soil fertilized with organic and mineral complexes. The first feeding is carried out with infusion of mullein in a ratio of 1:8 or bird droppings 1:20. In the future, fertilizers containing nitrogen should be excluded.Includes nutritional complexes with potassium, phosphorus.

Diseases and pests

By appearance, the plants determine whether the onion batun has undergone diseases or not. The leaves begin to turn yellow, wither, become covered with brown spots. The result of the disease is the drying of the aerial part or the rotting of the neck. And it is necessary to fight the infection immediately. An experienced gardener knows how to deal with plant pathologies. Control measures include:

spraying with fungicides like Fitoverm;
eliminate diseased plants from the garden;
treatment with preparations containing copper.

The plant rarely gets sick, but the appearance of pests must be monitored carefully. The onion fly, moth, and weevil are especially fond of planting vegetables. Insects, larvae feed on the juice of the plant, biting into the leaves.You can escape from pests with insecticidal agents, as well as by treating plants with a solution of mustard (one tablespoon per 10 liters of water), infusion of potato tops (a kilogram per bucket of water).

Diseases and pests will bypass the onion bed if you follow the crop rotation, planting pattern and frequency, and loosen the soil.

Harvesting

For harvesting the first crop of vegetables, plantings of the second year of life are taken. Although you can cut the leaves after a month has passed from the date of sowing. The green mass is completely removed in the fall before winter, but no later than a month before the onset of frost.

Cut next year when the onion batun emerges in the spring and reaches a height of 20 centimeters.

Cut the stems closer to the surface of the earth. The leaves are sorted, tied into bundles and wrapped in foil. Store the leaves in the refrigerator. The dug up bulb can also be put down the refrigerator without removing the leaves. Green stems decorate salads, sprinkle dishes.

Forcing green onion batun in wintertime

In autumn, when it is too late to plant batun onions in the garden, they are grown on the windowsill. In October, adult stems are dug up. The operation is carried out carefully, trying not to damage the roots, without removing the earthen lump from them. For plants choose containers with drainage holes. A layer of pebbles or crushed stone is laid in them, then nutrient soil.

The diameter of the container is selected wider than the clod of earth on the roots by five to seven centimeters. Onion forcing will be successful if the plant is provided with an air temperature of 18-20 degrees and a humidity of 80 percent. In a month, useful greenery will appear on the window. In the spring, when the soil warms up to five degrees, the plant is returned to its place in the garden.