Syrah grapes: description of the variety and characteristics, where it grows and cultivation with a photo

Grape varieties are divided into two types: table and technical. The latter are considered the best for making wine drinks. Syrah is considered a popular technical type of grape. The variety also has a second scientific name - Vitis vinifera ‘Syrah. The plant itself is resistant to cold, does not like drought, strong winds and brings a quality crop. Therefore, when choosing grapes for winemaking, you should definitely pay attention to these berries.

Origin story

The history of the origin of grapes began in ancient times, and is associated with the Iranian city of Shiraz.According to legend, Shirazi wine was made in this area using local berries. Then the grapes began to be grown in the French region, where it became widespread. At the beginning of the 20th century, studies were carried out proving that the plant has French roots and appeared as a result of the combination of the Mondeuse Blanche and Dureza grape lines.

Variety description

The description of the variety should begin with what kind of grapes belong to. So, Syrah is an industrial red grape variety used for harvesting red or rosé wine drinks. Syrah is a plant with an average ripening period. The harvest of grapes gives a small, but such an indicator is the key to quality wine.

Syrah and Shiraz are believed to be the same species. But in fact, French Syrah grapes are taken for mineral wine drinks with peppercorns. But Shiraz will make the wine juicy and bright.

If you wonder where grapes grow, then we can say that its ubiquitous distribution is noted. You can meet bushes in all countries involved in winemaking. The species is known both in the USA and in Italy, Argentina, South Africa or Switzerland.

Wines from Syrah berries are obtained with a rich purple hue, with the aroma of a bouquet of spices: black pepper, blackberry, coffee, currant, raspberry, various herbs.

Characteristic

Different Shiraz grapes from other grape varieties with characteristics:

1. Culture is characterized by moderate growth rates.
2. Shrubs of medium size and height can bear fruit for 150 years.
3. Leaves of the culture are oval, medium in size, with 3 or 5 lobes.
4. Flowers are bisexual, do not require additional pollination.
5. Clusters are small (weight 100-115 grams), with dark purple berries with a white coating. The pulp of the fruit is juicy, fleshy, with a pleasant taste and aroma.
6. Ripening period - 145-150 days.
7. Crop shelf life - 4 months.

Plant principle

Gardeners prefer this grape species because of its high survival rate and long-term storage of berries. But how to properly plant a crop is discussed in detail below.

Soil selection

Culture grows and bears fruit on any soil, including the poor and depleted.

Root cuttings

Grafting grapes is an effective way to get new samples with stable immunity. To plant cuttings yourself, you need to consider the following recommendations:

1. It is allowed to graft the variety to other species.
2. You can carry out the procedure in any season.
3. You can graft new cuttings in several ways:

• in splits;
• root stamps;
• green shoots.

4. The age of rootstocks is 2-3 years.
5. Harvest cuttings in the fall, when cutting the vine, or in the spring, just before the procedure.
6. During the preparatory period, the cuttings are fed with fertilizers and stored in dry rooms with a temperature of 0 degrees.

Landing

Shrubs grow in warm and sunny areas with little chance of frost. In windy regions, bushes are tied to supports. And in dry areas, the plant should be provided with abundant watering. The variety adapts to weather conditions, however, temperature fluctuations have a negative impact on the formation of the vine, the number of ovaries and the rate of fruit ripening.

Care

The culture does not require special care. For a quality harvest, it is enough to provide the plant with watering and timely pruning of the vine.

Water and fertilize

This grape variety does not tolerate drought well, so it is necessary to provide the plant with abundant watering several times a season. Requires irrigation culture in arid regions. In autumn, it is advisable to feed the bushes with a solution of manure. Watering rate - 4-5 buckets per bush.

Cutting

It is recommended to prune dry, damaged and weak shoots in the spring, as well as vines that do not produce a crop. In summer, pinch the stems so that the shrub does not grow more than 1.7 meters. In autumn, circumcision should be carried out after picking berries and complete “baldness” of the bush. For the winter, cut the vine so that it is convenient to bend it to the ground and wrap it up.

Preparing for winter

Culture has low frost resistance, freezes during severe frosts. With a sharp decrease in temperature, the yield itself will also decrease. Therefore, for the winter, the plant must be covered using any convenient method:

• falling asleep with earth, husks;
• wrapping with building materials, spruce branches.

But the spring frosts are no longer terrible for the plant, since the ovaries appear quite late.

Advantages and disadvantages

This variety has a number of undeniable advantages:

• the plant can grow in cool climates, although it is thermophilic;
• berries have a balanced content of acid and sugar for the human body;
• juicy fruits suitable for wine production.

From the shortcomings are:

• high sensitivity to sudden temperature changes;
• low resistance to fungal diseases.

Diseases and pests

This species is difficult to grow due to its propensity for diseases and pests. Striking culture:

• mildew;
• oidium.

Because of this, in the spring, it is important to treat the bushes with protective agents. Around the shrub it is worth scattering Nitrophoska, Kemira and pouring plenty of water. In summer, cover the vine with a protective solution against powdery mildew.

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