How to graft cherry on cherry in summer and spring for beginners and is it possible

Vaccination is a useful and necessary procedure aimed at propagating and breeding the desired varieties of fruit trees. Therefore, any gardener should know about the technologies of how to properly plant a cherry on a cherry and not be afraid to put them into practice. Moreover, a grafted cherry can give its owner rich harvests of bulk berries much earlier in time than ordinary young seedlings.

Method advantage

So, the agrotechnical technology of grafting is represented by the possibility of transferring one plant fragment to another, in order to merge them into a single organism, but with new features and properties.

The scion is the above-ground part of the tree with properties that affect the future quality of fruits and crops, spliced with its underground fragments, namely with the rootstock, which affects the functional characteristics of the plant.

The advantage of the method lies in solving several problems at once, namely:

In the preservation of the varietal qualities of the described tree, since seed breeding of certain varieties negatively affects the characteristics obtained from the mother plant;
In forcing the harvest period. A grafted cherry is ready for fruiting after 2 years, while trees germinated from the seed will take much longer - about 5-8 years.
In the rejuvenation of plantations. Unproductive aged trees are pruned and then crossed with young cuttings.
In increasing the resistance of plants to various types of diseases and to negative environmental conditions. The so-called hybridization helps in the fusion of tender and vulnerable horticultural varieties with their wild hardy relatives.
In combining the characteristics of certain varieties in a single representative.
In the garden space saving factor, as shoots of a wide variety of cherry varieties can grow on one standard plant.

Important! Grafting can help save a damaged or even broken tree, but only if the plant's root system is alive.

Vaccination timing

The most successful seasonal phases of cherry grafting are:

spring periods from March to the first decade of April;
summer - from the second decade of July to August.

However, based on horticultural experience, it is spring, at the peak of sap flow in trees, that is the best period for grafting.

Summer, for grafting cherries with green cuttings, even at the moment the branches stop growing, is not the best period of time, due to the mismatch between the rootstock and the grafting of the cambial layers.

In relatively warm weather, crossing can be carried out in the fall, but, in any case, the fusion period will not be fully completed until closer to spring.

In winter, fruit trees, when metabolic processes slow down, are in the so-called hibernation.

Important! If the grafting technology will be carried out in summertime, the rootstock must be watered ahead of time to accelerate sap flow.

What trees can be combined with

It happens that in the garden, apart from an old cherry tree, there is nothing fruitful to graft onto. And growing a new, the same varietal, stock is not only long, but also difficult, especially when there is no guarantee of the success of grafting.

But if a plum grows on a garden plot, then the crossing technology can be carried out directly on it. Moreover, this fruit tree is marked not only by the strongest rootstock, but also by excellent adaptive capabilities.

Also, a cherry tree can be grafted onto fruit rootstocks in the form:

bird cherry;
cherry plums;
cherries;
turn.

Cherry plum rootstock has advantages - the culture is resistant to frost and is the owner of a well-branched and strong root system.

When crossing cherries, gardeners should be aware that splicing them with cherries will go much faster, due to their excellent compatibility.

Step by step instructions for the procedure

For beginner gardeners, there is an instruction for grafting cherries in one way or another.

Copulation

You can graft a cherry either using a cutting - the so-called copulation, or a kidney - in the form of budding.

Coping is suitable for twigs with the same size, with the most suitable diameter of 1.5 centimeters. Sections must be carried out at the ends of both the scion and the rootstock. The size of the cut should be within 3-4 centimeters.

After such preparatory work, both sections must be connected, so that the cambial layers have the same area. Wrap the junction with a special material, for example, in the form of a film, or carry out a special treatment using the so-called garden pitch.

Important! To protect the future tree from possible infection, it is recommended that the wound surface of the plant be treated with special antibacterial agents.

For the bark

In order to properly graft the cherry by the bark, and before the peak of sap flow, you must first free the stock from the branches. Then prepare cuttings for him - from 2 to 4 pieces, with transverse sections at the ends.

After the rootstock, process it with a hacksaw and clean it with a knife. On the bark, make five-centimeter cuts along the base, where to insert tightly, cut to cut, scion.

Important! Work on cuts in the bark must be carried out with a sharp knife to prevent possible damage to the wood itself.

Split

The method of crossing trees must be carried out before the onset of the growing season. The preparatory step for grafting is the process of cutting knots - on a young tree, work begins with an indent of about 40 centimeters from the beginning of the branching of the trunk, while an old plant is processed by increasing this distance to a meter.

The graft is carried out following the instructions below:

the base of the cutting with several buds is cut with a knife into the so-called double wedge;
stock is subjected to sawing to the desired height with its further stripping;
with a knife, the stock is split exactly in the middle;
a scion is inserted into the split, so that it coincides with the bark of the rootstock. If the thickness of the plant allows, then up to 2 cuttings at a time are buried in the splitting place;
the grafted area of the tree is wrapped with twine, polyethylene, or treated with garden pitch.

Compared to other crossbreeding methods, split grafting is due to the best survival rate.

Semi-split

The advantage of this grafting method lies in the slight damage to the trees.

Slices must be carried out on the rootstock on the side, namely:

departing about 3 centimeters from the end of the cut;
split with a hatchet, but not to the end;
insert the cuttings into the incision so that their tissues are in close contact with each other.

The scion is harvested in the same way as with full splitting.

Into the corner cut

Vaccination in this way is carried out with branches about 2 centimeters in diameter.

To begin with, an angular recess is made with a knife located 3 centimeters from the edge, where a cut is made to a depth of up to 6 millimeters, at an angle of 30. Moreover, the same cut is made in the other direction, but already in a different size, about 6 centimeters long.

The cut at the lower tip of the handle is made diagonally, in accordance with the cuts made on the rootstock. The place of confluence is wrapped with a special film.

Inside cut

This method involves cutting along an oblique line, indented 20 centimeters from the base of the branch. Moreover, the length of one side should be more than the other by a centimeter. The cutting, intended for grafting, is hemmed in the form of a wedge, the sides of which should also have a difference of 1 centimeter.

After such preparation, the shoot is introduced into the incision and wrapped with a protective film.

Bridge

Bridge grafting is used for fruit trees affected by hares in winter.

The scion is placed in a circle, along the diameter of the trunk. The tips of the shoots are distributed just below or above the wound. Cleaning of damaged areas is carried out up to he althy tree tissue. After that, cuts are made along the edges. The tips of the shoots are cut obliquely.

Initially, the graft is introduced into the cuts located below. After the cuttings are bent into an arc and inserted into the incisions from above. The joints are wrapped with twine.

Post-vaccination care

It will become clear whether the scion has taken root or not, in a month. A positive result will be indicated by the buds of the scion and their growth.

At the end of the grafting process, you must:

Strengthen the branch with a special tire - for strength and protection of the scion from windy weather.
Remains of the grafting film to be removed after a certain period of time, but it is more expedient to leave everything as it is, until next year.
Supply the area near the rootstock with fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

A careful approach to grafting with the choice of the right technology is the key to the success of the goal of crossing, and the first time.