The best varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region: what can be planted in the country with a photo

In choosing the best varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region, many criteria are taken into account. The culture must endure autumn colds and frosty winter days, resist infections and pests. Also take into account the frequency of fruiting, the timing of the beginning of the collection of fruits and their taste. Therefore, when choosing a variety, be sure to get acquainted with all the characteristics.

Climatic features of the region

The climate in the Moscow region is unstable, characterized by low temperatures in the winter months. In summer the weather can be hot and dry or rainy and cool. Such conditions often cause the death of the apple tree due to freezing and fungal infections.

To preserve the number of crops and not to lose the planted tree, you need to choose zoned varieties. When choosing a variety for planting in a dacha in the Moscow region, the emphasis is on frost tolerance and high immunity to fungal infections.

What properties should an apple tree have for good growth and yield in the Moscow region

To harvest a good harvest of apples, you need to choose varieties that resist pests and diseases well, are not afraid of low temperatures and quickly recover in case of freezing. When choosing the best variety, ripening periods, fruiting periods and pollination methods are also taken into account.

The choice is also made in favor of self-pollinated apple trees. The fruits of such varieties of apple trees are tied without pollinating insects. Such varieties of culture for the Moscow region include: Pepin Shafranny, Melba, Welsey.

External parameters

Tall varieties of apple trees grow up to 7 meters, the crown is wide. They have a well-developed root system that penetrates deep into the soil. Therefore, from the surface to groundwater should be at least 2.5 meters. Large apple trees live and bear fruit longer, they do not need to be watered too often. The harvest is forming steadily high.

Medium-sized trees (semi-dwarfs) grow no more than 5 meters in height. The main part of their root system is located at a depth of 20-35 cm. All varieties are demanding on soil and regular watering. They begin to bear fruit earlier than tall types of crops.

Short varieties of apple trees are characterized by a low trunk, up to 2.5 meters high. The root system deepens by one meter. Low trees take up little space and almost do not create shade, they begin to bear fruit early. In the event of an attack by pests and infections, it is easier to deal with the problem.These trees are easy to harvest. The root system is sensitive to moisture, so waterlogging the soil leads to damage.

Frost resistance

Almost all types of apple trees can tolerate frosts down to -20 degrees. But the air in the Moscow region can drop to -30 degrees, so frost-resistant varieties of apple trees are chosen.

Winter-hardy varieties of fruit crops that can be planted in the garden of the Moscow region: Anis, Orlinka, Aport, Slavyanka, Yellow ribbed, Mirnoye, Semerenko, Antonovka, Bogatyr.

Immunity to diseases

An apple tree is often exposed to various diseases, especially of fungal origin. Diseases such as powdery mildew, scab, cytosporosis can not only reduce the yield, but can also lead to the complete death of the tree.

Summer in the suburbs passes with rainy and cloudy days. These conditions are most favorable for the fungus. Therefore, you need to choose apple trees with good immunity.

Specialists have developed immune apple species that are resistant to many fungal diseases, including scab. Such apple trees start producing large-sized fruits early and endure frosts.

Scab-resistant types of fruit trees that are recommended to be grown in the suburbs: Orlinka, Medunitsa, Apple Spas, Zhigulevskoye, Slavyanin, Start, Freshness.

Precocity

Varieties that differ in the early onset of fruiting are most often bought by gardeners. Seedlings begin to please with fruits already 2-3 years after planting.

Self-fertile varieties of apple trees pollinate themselves, so the fruits are tied without pollinators. But to get a large and numerous crop, you should try to lure insects that pollinate during the flowering period. Moscow Grushovka, Arkadik, Medunitsa, Antonovka, White Bulk.

Early varieties of apple trees: Beforest, Papirovka, Stark, Erliest. The first crop is harvested after three years. Apple trees feel good after severe frosts, and the harvest is stored for many months.

Varieties of summer apple trees

In summer varieties of apple trees, the fruits are juicy and sweet. Their shelf life is not more than three weeks. The ripening of the crop begins in the middle of the summer period.

The early-summer variety White filling tolerates frosty days in winter well and staunchly resists fungal infections. The white pulp of the fruit is sweet, with a slight sourness. The average weight is 100 g. Fruiting with a frequency of one year, the yield is numerous. The tree belongs to the medium-sized group, the crown is lush and wide.

Candy apple is characterized by good tolerance to cold winters, the formation of a numerous harvest. The fruits weigh 90 g, with a sweet taste and caramel aroma. The culture is medium. The trunk grows up to 4.5 meters, the crown does not grow much. Subject to scab.

Melba is considered a common species. Yellow-red fruits with a sour-caramel taste begin to be harvested at the end of summer. The weight of each fruit is approximately 130 g. The tree trunk reaches 5.5 meters. Young trees bear fruit every year, while old trees bear fruit periodically.

Grushovka Moscow forms early fruits weighing up to 95 g. The pulp is sweetish, with sour notes. The peel is yellow with reddish patches. Numerous crops are formed every two years. The apple tree belongs to the tall type of trees with a wide crown. The height of the trunk reaches 6 meters.

Lungwort is a mid-early summer crop. The pulp of the fruit tastes honey-sweet. The color of ripe fruits is yellow-red. The tree grows high, the crown is powerful and spreading. It tolerates frosty winters well and rarely gets sick.

Other common varieties of summer apples include: Orlinka, Arkadik, Apple Spas, Chudnoe.

Recommended fall apple species

On autumn varieties of apple trees, fruits begin to ripen in early September. After harvesting, they continue to ripen for another two weeks. Apples keep up to 4 months under optimal conditions.

Autumn striped variety won one of the first places among other varieties. The tree grows up to 9 meters, the branches are sprawling, medium leafy. The yield is plentiful. Delicious, yellow-colored fruits with red-raspberry patches weigh 125 g. The variety endures frosty days in winter and rarely gets sick.

Antonovka has numerous yields and good immunity. The culture is tall, the branches with dense foliage are wide. Yellow-green fruits are covered with a light wax coating, weigh up to 155 g. The pulp has a sweet aftertaste, a little sour. Fruits can be harvested every year.

Brown striped apple tree has a tall type of growth, the branches grow widely, the yield is numerous. Yellow-green fruits weighing 125 g will attract with their sweet taste with a slight sourness. The variety feels good after frosty days and rarely suffers from fungal infections.

Anise striped forms a numerous and high-quality crop for several decades. The tree grows high, and the branches spread wide. It tolerates frosty winters and dry summers. Begins to bear fruit in five years. The red fruit, which weighs 85g, has yellow, sweet flesh.

Other autumn varieties of fruit crops that are planted in the Moscow region include: Slavyanin, Uslada, Flagman, Zhigulevskoye, Shtrifel.

Winter varieties

The ripening of winter types of fruit crops coincides with the last days of September. After harvesting, ripening continues for 3-4 weeks. Fruits are stored for a long time, up to 7 months.

In the Moscow region, it is recommended to plant the Moskovskoe variety later. The apple tree is characterized by frost resistance. Apples are stored for many months without losing their juiciness and sweetness. The tree belongs to the medium growth type with spreading branches. Fruiting seedling begins after 6 years. Weight of yellow-red fruits 175 g.

Among the winter species, Pepin Saffron differs in numerous harvests and good frost tolerance. The red-yellow fruit weighs 85g and is juicy with a sweet taste.

Asterisk variety is characterized by medium-sized, juicy fruits weighing up to 95 g. The peel is reddish in color, the pulp has a sweet aftertaste. The apple tree resists frost well, and infections rarely occur.

Gardeners will appreciate the taste of apples Moscow Necklace. Yellow-red fruits weighing up to 200 g are dense and sweet in taste. Culture of columnar type of growth. The positive qualities of the species include high productivity and the ability to endure frosty winters.

Other popular late varieties include: Bogatyr, Martovskoye, Orlovskaya Zarya, Rossiyanka.

Description and characteristics of early maturing species

Early ripe varieties of apples begin to ripen in summer. Almost all types of early maturing varieties for the Moscow region are characterized by medium frost resistance and periodic fruiting. The ability to resist fungal infections is average.

White filling variety known to all gardeners is characterized by good frost resistance, numerous yields. The fruits taste sweet, with a pleasant sourness. Fruits every year.

Apple variety Papirovka is medium tall, with long branches and dense foliage. The culture is characterized by medium frost resistance and high resistance to diseases. In rainy summers, it often suffers from scab.Fruiting is annual. Fruits of a yellow shade, with sweet pulp, weigh 95 g.

Variety Early sweet feels good after frost and rarely suffers from fungal diseases. Fruiting seedlings begin in two years. Weight of yellow apples 110 g, pulp with a sweet aftertaste.

Advantages of modern varieties

New varieties of apple trees include: Marat Busurin, Welsey, Sunshine, Arkadik, Borovinka, Antey, Tatyana's Day, Ivushka.

The modern variety is Arkadik. It is characterized by persistent frost tolerance, numerous yields and resistance to infections, including scab. The tree reaches a height of 4 meters. Fruiting seedlings begin in two years. The fruits weigh 125 g, their skin is reddish, and the taste of the pulp is sweet and sour.

Borovinka belongs to the early autumn new species. The apple tree tolerates frosty days well, forms numerous fruits in 1-2 years. The variety is susceptible to disease and pest attack. The culture is medium-sized, medium leafy. The color of the fruit is yellowish, their weight is 85 g.

Autumn variety Marat Busurin is rarely found in gardens. The pulp of large apples is sweet, but with some notes of sourness. The skin is white marble with red patches. Trees of semi-dwarf type of growth, tolerate winter frosts well.

Apple spas belongs to modern varieties of tall apple trees. It never gets sick with scab and tolerates winter with frosty days well. Fruits weighing up to 190 g are yellow with pink strokes.

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