Processing apple trees in the summer from diseases and pests: chemicals and folk remedies

In order to preserve the harvest and not lose the seedlings, it is necessary to carry out the processing of apple trees from diseases and pests in time. In each season, spraying is carried out with various preparations. Not only purchased products are popular, but also compositions prepared according to folk recipes. For processing to be beneficial, it is important to follow some rules.

What diseases and pests are activated

Diseases that affect the apple tree can be of infectious and non-infectious origin.Noncommunicable diseases do not infect other crops. The reason for their occurrence is the lack of fertilizers in the soil, adverse weather conditions, the close passage of groundwater.

Infectious diseases are quickly transmitted to other cultures. Viruses, bacteria and fungi can cause damage to the apple tree. But most often, fungal infections occur (powdery mildew, brown spot, black cancer, scab, rust, cytosporosis) .

Of the pests that infect the apple tree, aphids, mites, psyllids, moths, leafworms, codling moths are often found. It is recommended to get rid of parasites immediately in order to maintain the quality of the crop.

Spring

During the preparation of the apple tree for active vegetation and flowering, it is necessary to provide proper care and protection. In early spring, pests that overwintered on the tree and spores of fungal diseases awaken.

Spring treatment for preventive and therapeutic purposes is carried out for the following diseases:

• powdery mildew is characterized by a white coating;
• scab is distinguished by the appearance of brown spots;
• Bacterial cancer should be suspected when black spots on the leaves and cracks on the trunk are found.

Prophylactic spraying in the spring prevents pests such as aphids, sucker, leafworm, flower beetle, apple moth, codling moth, leafworm from active activity on the apple tree.

Summer

In summer, crop processing should be carried out with caution. It is better not to use chemicals. Fruits accumulate pesticides and become unusable.

During the summer, there is a high risk of contracting the following diseases:

• scab;
• fruit rot develops in July;
• powdery mildew;
• brown leaf spot.

Pests such as codling moth caterpillars, mites, green aphids, apple moth, fruit sawfly and hawthorn can reduce yield and damage apples.

Autumn

Apple fruiting ends in autumn. Gardeners begin to prepare the culture for the cold winter days. Treatment for pests and diseases can prevent their further spread.

In the cracks of branches and bark, near the buds and under fallen leaves, pests such as apple stalk, aphids, mites, leafworm eggs, flower beetles hide.

The causative agent of scab, cytosporosis, mycelium of fruit rot and black cancer persists on fallen leaves and damaged fruits, and powdery mildew persists on the buds.

Autumn treatment with suitable preparations can prevent the spread of pests and diseases. To destroy parasite eggs and fungal spores, use a high dosage of ingredients.

Signs of disease and parasites

It is not difficult to notice the onset of a disease or an attack by pests. The seedlings develop and grow slowly, the branches dry up, the leaves turn yellow, become stained and fall off, the bark cracks and easily moves away from the trunk.

On foliage

If an infection occurs or pests attack, the leaves change their appearance:

• color change;
• you may notice that spots of various shapes and colors have appeared;
• appearance of growths;
• rolling edges;
• drying and wilting of foliage.

As a result, yellow, brown and even black leaves with dried edges begin to fall off.

On the bark

The trunk of a tree changes its appearance due to diseases such as European and black cancer, cytosporosis:

• spots appear;
• dark color ulcers;
• a darkish coating forms;
• the bark dies off and separates;
• the bark cracks, dries up.

To cope with diseases, in addition to processing, damaged branches and bark should be removed in time. The places of cuts and removal must be treated with special disinfectants.

On fruits

The fact that an apple tree is sick or damaged by pests is judged by the condition of the fruit:

• apples are formed small;
• spots appear on them;
• fall off the tree before they are ripe;
• apples shrivel and rot.

Besides yield reduction, the fruits do not keep well and start to rot quickly. Fruit that has fallen from the tree is removed away from the site to prevent the spread of pests or infection.

Tree treatment products

All protective equipment for processing fruit crops are divided into three groups:

1. The active components of biological preparations are live microorganisms. Their activity manifests itself gradually over two weeks. It is better to spray apple trees with them in summer to protect the fruits from chemistry.
2. Quickly and reliably action of chemicals. They must be alternated with other means, as they are addictive. When diluting the solution, the proportions are strictly observed.
3. The apple tree is treated with self-prepared compositions according to well-known folk recipes. The remedies are the safest, but not always effective.

When making a choice, take into account the degree of spread of infection or pests, as well as the stage of vegetative development of the apple tree.

Biological

All biological preparations begin to act only after the air and soil are warm enough. Therefore, it is better to choose chemicals as the first spring treatment.

The biological agents used for spraying apple trees include the following list:

• You can spray the trees with Aktofit. It suppresses the nervous system of many parasites.
• Bitoxibacillin fights against gnawing insects. The active substance of the drug, penetrating inside the insect, leads to paralysis of the digestive system, as a result, the parasites die.
• From scab, powdery mildew and other fungal diseases helps to get rid of the drug "Trichodermin". The drug increases the immunity of the fruit crop, improves soil composition and increases productivity.
• The Pentaphage C remedy helps to reduce the risk of contracting fungal infections.
• The drug "Planriz" protects the tree from many diseases. It is allowed to apply at any phase of the development of the apple tree.
• With pests that gnaw leaves, the Lepidocid effectively fights. The active substance, penetrating inside the pest, paralyzes the digestive tract.

Most biological preparations are harmless to humans and animals, their use is allowed at any stage of the growing season.

Often, instead of these drugs, gardeners treat the tree with urea. This component is a mineral nitrogen fertilizer.Trees are treated with urea at different times of the year, except for winter. In spring and autumn, the product protects against pests and diseases, and serves as top dressing in summer.

Urea is actively fighting scab, aphids, leafworms. To increase its effectiveness, it is useful to add copper sulfate to the finished solution. 45 g of copper sulfate and 750 g of urea are dissolved in a bucket of water.

Chemical

Chemicals are most often used for the primary treatment of trees in spring and autumn, after harvesting. During the preparation of the solution, be sure to observe the recommended dosages:

• Effectively spraying with copper sulphate. Dissolve 100 g of dry matter in a bucket of water. The powder is poured into the water gradually. If there is a need to disinfect the near-stem area, you will need to take 5 g of the substance.
• The drug "Skor" refers to fungicides. After spraying, it begins to act after two hours. Dissolve 4 ml of the drug in a bucket of water. Spraying is effective only when the air temperature is more than +15 degrees.
• "Karbofos" is effective against many pests. Add 90 g of the drug to a bucket of water.
• Hom contact fungicide is used against many misfortunes. 40 g of the substance is dissolved in 10 liters of water.
• The drug "Spark" will help get rid of aphids and other pests. Dissolve 1 tablet in a bucket of water.
• Insecticide "Bi-58" is effective against many pests. Add 10 ml of the drug to a bucket of water. Do not use during the flowering period, as the solution has a detrimental effect on bees.

During the processing of garden trees, personal protective measures must be observed.

Folk remedies

Safely spraying apple trees with folk compositions:

• The shag tincture is being prepared. 400 g of shag is added to 10 liters of water. The finished concentrate is again diluted with water and liquid soap is added.
• Garlic tincture helps to cope with pests. Chopped cloves of garlic in the amount of 450 g are poured with water. After two hours, filter. The concentrate is diluted with water and sprayed.
• To prepare an infusion of wood ash, you need to dissolve 100 g of the substance in 10 liters of water and add 25 g of urea.
• An infusion of bitter wormwood helps to cope with pests. It is necessary to take 340 g of dried, chopped grass and pour 10 liters of water. A day later, the solution is put on fire and boiled after boiling for another 30 minutes. Liquid soap is added to the strained broth.

There are many other tried-and-tested recipes that will help you safely deal with a problem in the garden.

How to properly process an apple tree

Protection of apple trees should be carried out year-round, but only if all recommendations are followed, it will be possible to save seedlings and crop numbers. In each growing season of a fruit crop, a number of rules must be observed.

It is important to choose the right atomizer. The solution should be evenly distributed over the entire surface of the trunk and branches. Spraying is carried out in the evening, in dry, calm weather. Even if there are several types of pests or diseases on the tree, you need to choose only one remedy.

During flowering

During the flowering period, processing is carried out to control pests, as well as to prevent diseases. Spraying is carried out only if the treatment was not carried out before bud break.

As a means, choose: Bordeaux liquid, suspension of "Kaptan", copper sulfate, urea, "Chlorophos". Carry out processing of trunks and branches.

During the fruiting period

The period of fruiting is no exception for the appearance of diseases and especially pests. At this time, the processing of trees with fruits is carried out with extreme caution.

Branches damaged by diseases are removed from trees, and he althy ones are treated with drugs such as Skor, Fitosporin. Young branches are removed with secateurs, and old ones with a saw. Safe means such as Bitoxibacillin, Lepidocid will help get rid of pests. But even these preparations are undesirable to use later than a month before harvest.

After harvest

To reduce diseases and the reproduction of pests, autumn preventive treatment is carried out. After harvesting, you can water with solutions based on copper and iron sulfate, urea, and lime. Ready-made preparations are also used: "30+", "Entobakterin".

What preparations and solutions are harmless to treat fruits

Biological preparations are considered safe for plants, animals and humans. You can spray them even in the summer. Common and effective means are considered: "Gaupsin", "Kind Host", "Trifovit", "Fitosporin".

Processing times

Processing the trunk and branches of fruit trees should be carried out in accordance with the recommended time frame:

• The purpose of the first treatment is the destruction of pests and larvae that overwintered in the soil and bark. Apple trees are sprayed until the buds swell.
• The next spraying is carried out at the time of bud break.
• Prophylactic and therapeutic spraying is carried out at the time of flowering.
• To prevent fungal infections, treatment is carried out after fruit set.
• Final treatment after another two weeks.

In summer and autumn, spraying is carried out if necessary, when pests appear or become infected.

How to cover up a fresh saw cut on a tree

A cut of branches larger than 10 mm in diameter must be treated with a thick layer of garden pitch or special acrylic-based garden paint. Other disinfectants are also used:

• copper sulfate solution: 45 g dissolved in one liter of warm water;
• dissolve a few grains of potassium permanganate in warm water;
• iron vitriol: 30 g diluted in a liter of water;
• treatment with Bordeaux liquid helps.

After cutting, the place is cleaned with a knife. To apply the solution, it is better to use a brush. The procedure is carried out in dry, calm weather.

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