Early Magaracha grapes: description and characteristics of the variety, cultivation and care

On the market of horticultural crops, the number of interesting varieties of grapes increases every year, but the popularity of long-bred varieties does not decrease from this. Often gardeners are in a situation of difficult choice, trying to decide on the best option. If you want to plant a dark-colored technical variety, you should pay attention to one of the oldest grape varieties - Early Magaracha.

Description of Early Magarach grapes

Grapes are table species with a universal scope. This feature makes it possible to use it as a raw material for making wines. The berries of the plant have a rich dark blue color, and the juice obtained from them has a pink color.

Historical data

Early Magarach is considered one of the oldest grape varieties. It was bred in 1928 by crossing two varieties - Black Kishmish, Madeleine Anzhevich. For large-scale cultivation, the culture was adopted in 1964. It is officially included in the atlas of the best grape varieties of the USSR.

Morphology

The shoots grow powerful and sprawling. One bush can withstand up to 40 eyes. The plant forms bisexual flowers and green leaves, which have a slight pubescence on the underside. In autumn, their color changes and becomes red.

Advantages and disadvantages

The variety has good survival in regions without strong seasonal temperature fluctuations, it is able to withstand drops to -18 ^{C. Benefits include:}

• high yields;
• stability of fruiting;
• versatility of use.

At the same time, Early Magaracha is quite demanding on the quality of the soil and the sufficiency of heat, so it cannot be called unpretentious Fruit ripening is possible only if the total number of temperatures is 2,300 ^{C, which imposes a limit on the possible regions for cultivation.}

Characteristics of the variety

The variety belongs to the early varieties. From the moment of flowering to harvest, an average of 120 days pass. The harvest is in August.

Crop quantity

The average weight of one bunch varies from 200 to 500 g. They have a classic conical shape. In a favorable climate, with proper care, the plant is able to give from 1 hectare from 100 to 120 centners.

Known diseases and pests

Early Magaracha does not have good resistance to grape diseases, so preventive measures for this variety must be carried out. Most often, plantings are affected by mildew, phylloxera and black spot. At the same time, the plant is rarely affected by gray rot, which is largely due to belonging to early varieties. Of the pests, wasps and ants are dangerous for him.

Description of berries and bunches, tasting evaluation

The berries have a characteristic oval shape. The weight of one berry is 4 g, each contains 2-3 seeds. The fruits are collected in a large bunch, the length of which reaches 22 cm. The skin is dark blue in color and has a purine coating on the surface.

The tasting qualities of the grapes are assessed by experts as “no special features”. The taste can sometimes contain hints of chocolate. The juice content of the berries is 84%.

Vine propagation methods

Early Magarach is propagated using cuttings taken from he althy, powerful bushes. It is not recommended to take the upper parts of the overgrowth for these purposes. The diameter of the shoot at the cut point should be from 7 to 1.2 cm, the length should not be more than 50 cm. For the winter, the cuttings are removed in wet sand and stored at a temperature of +2 ^C.

Planting seedlings

Before planting for rooting, the stalk is soaked in water for 48 hours. On the lower part, at the base, several small incisions are made for better rooting. The upper part is immersed in paraffin with a temperature of +75 C, which will retain moisture. Next, the shoot is placed in a growth stimulator to increase the ability to root.

The shoot is planted in a container with fertile soil, moistened and sent under a greenhouse.

Date of planting

The cuttings stored in the winter period are taken out 3 weeks before the planned planting and the rooting procedure is carried out.

Open field planting technology

Planting is carried out in pre-prepared soil. It is required to choose a sunny place, not subject to gusts of wind. A recess of 50 cm is formed, fertilizer is applied, watered abundantly and then a seedling is planted. Between two adjacent bushes there should be a distance of 1.7-2.2 m.

How to grow and care

The plant requires careful care. It needs timely watering and fertilizing, it reacts negatively to moisture deficiency and requires shelter in the winter.

Pruning the bush

Pruning is done in the spring. The amount of shoot removal depends on the age of the grapes and their branching. It is recommended to leave 5-8 eyes on the bush, their total number should not exceed 40.

Irrigation and fertilization

At the time of bud break, top dressing is carried out with rotted manure. When the first leaves appear, irrigation is carried out. During the formation of inflorescences, this is prohibited, since all flower stalks will be dropped by the plant. During the growing season, watering is required, which is stopped from the moment the “filling” of the berries begins, otherwise the risk of cracking will increase.

Prevention measures

Preventive measures come down to spraying with targeted drugs and monitoring the he alth of the shoots. It is important to prevent excessive moisture and provide grapes with quality protection in the winter.

Protect the plant from diseases and pests

In order to increase the resistance of grapes to phylloxera, rootstocks are made using varieties of French or American selection for this.To combat black spotting, special preparations are used - DNOK, Topaz, Thanos. Sticky traps are used to control ants. Wasp nests need to be eliminated, and shelter with a net or gauze will help save the clusters from insects.

Preparing the vine for frost

Early Magaracha requires shelter when grown in regions with cold winters. There is a method of dry, full, half shelter and instillation of the bole. Often, straw, dry branches and foliage are used as an insulating layer. When forming protection for the plant, it is important to prevent the effect of overheating.

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