Chasselas grape variety: description and characteristics of varieties, planting and care

Due to the characteristics of cultivation, grapes may not grow in all regions. Mostly, the south is considered a favorable climatic zone for the cultivation of this fruit. But there are varieties that are suitable for growing in other latitudes. For example, the Chasselas grape variety also has frost-resistant varieties.

Chasselas grape variety: description

The shoot of this species is small and pubescent. Escape burgundy. A year after planting the seedling, a reddish stem appears, and the edges become harder. The leaves are large, light emerald in color in all varieties of the variety.

Chassela grapes are high yielding. In addition, the advantage of the variety is its resistance to fungal diseases. But in order to prevent bushes, it is still worth processing.

Also grapes are able to tolerate moderate winter frosts. The plant does not tolerate drought well, especially the upper branches, so on dry days the grapes need abundant watering. The variety grows on any type of soil.

Types of Chasselas

There are several varieties of Chasselas grapes. All of them differ in external characteristics and taste of the fruit. The most important difference between the varieties is the shade of the grapes. It ranges from white to burgundy.

White

It used to be thought that this variety was the earliest grape variety until new hybrids were developed. White Chasselas belongs to table hybrids. But in some regions, technical varieties are grown from which wine is made.

Clusters of medium size. The mass is up to 190 g. The shape of the bunch is round, the grapes are green-yellow. One berry weighs about 22 g. The taste is sweet, without a pronounced aroma.

Pink

Chasselas Rosé is a French table grape. The hybrid was obtained by crossing Chassela Royale and Fintendo. Chasselas Rose is characterized by a lower yield compared to white and pink-burgundy grapes. Otherwise, the characteristics of the hybrid are similar to the white variety.

Ramming

Ramminga refers to table hybrids. The advantage of this hybrid is its frost resistance and resistance to crop diseases. Young bushes are characterized by rapid growth and an average level of productivity. Up to 4 kg of grapes are harvested from one adult bush. Clusters are large. Ripe grapes are light green in color.The taste of the fruit is sweet, with a slight aftertaste of nutmeg.

Characteristic variety

Before you buy a grapevine seedling, you need to study all the characteristics. First of all, attention is paid to ripening time, disease resistance and yield.

Ripening dates

Chassela grapes belong to varieties with early ripening of clusters. Clusters reach biological ripeness 130-140 days after the appearance of the ovaries. Depending on the planting region, the ripening time of the clusters varies, but not significantly. In the southern regions, ripening begins a few weeks earlier than in the central and northern latitudes.

Resistance to diseases and pests

Resistance to diseases and pests in different types of Chasselas grapes is different, but most hybrids are characterized by poor resistance to mildew and a number of fungal diseases.To prevent the appearance of diseases or pests, vines are sprayed with chemicals several times a season.

With timely preventive measures, diseases and pests will not have a negative impact on yields.

Description of the berry

The shape of the bunch is oval, slightly elongated towards the base, the berries fit snugly together. On average, one brush weighs up to 250 g. The berries are light green in color. The mass of one berry is 20-25 g. The skin is dense. The taste of ripe fruits in all varieties is sweet. Some varieties of the hybrid do not have a pronounced grape aroma. The pulp is juicy, pleasant to taste.

Growing and care

The further productivity of the plant depends on the correct planting of the vine. It is important to choose the right soil and plant a seedling in open ground. Also an important part is the care of young seedlings and adult plants.

How to prune vines

The first time the vine is cut in the spring. It is necessary to remove all shoots, except for the two central buds. After pruning, these kidneys are parted to the side. With the onset of autumn, after all the leaves have fallen, a second pruning is carried out. Remove all branches except the two main ones. 2 buds are left on one branch, 4 on the second.

The next year in autumn, all the shoots are cut off from the vine, except for the two central ones. Two branches are left on each central branch. In the third year, they regulate the length of the central branches, preventing them from growing far, and cut off some of the shoots that have grown on the main branches over the summer. In autumn, grapes are pruned only after leaf fall. If done earlier, the stems will release juice.

Irrigation and fertilization

Despite the fact that grapes are drought-resistant crops, they still need watering. In the spring, when shoot growth is just beginning, the plant needs a large amount of water. The vine is recommended to be watered several times a week.

In summer, irrigation is aimed at keeping the soil moist and preventing it from drying out. You can water once a week. Before the onset of the flowering period and after it, it is undesirable to moisten the grapes. Watering is carried out to shed the ovaries.

Most of all, the plant needs water during the period of filling the bunches. You need to water the grapes several times a week. If it's hot outside, water every other day. The last time the vine is irrigated before the onset of frost.

In addition, top dressing is important. In the first half of the season, the vine needs nitrogen, since nitrogen has a positive effect on the growth of inflorescences and ovaries.

The second dressing is applied during flowering. During this period, any fertilizer is suitable. The third time fertilizers are applied to the soil during the formation of ovaries. They use phosphorus and potassium, as well as organic matter.Fertilize the soil for the last time before winter. They use manure, compost, ash and other organic fertilizers.

Protection from diseases and pests

Chasla variety often suffers from fungal diseases, so it is important to regularly inspect the bush and carry out preventive procedures in time.

One of the dangerous grape diseases - phylloxera. Before planting, the chibouks are placed in hot water for several minutes. This will disinfect the planting material.

The treatment of bushes with "Karbofos" during the flowering period helps from the grapevine leaflet. Two weeks after the appearance of butterflies, the bushes are sprayed with Kinmix or Sumialfa.

Grape itch is fought by spraying bushes with Neorom or Apollo preparations. The grapes are processed during the isolation of the buds.

Oidium or powdery mildew is also found on grape bushes. To prevent disease, dry leaves and clusters are removed from the site in the fall. It is also important to thin out plantings in time and prevent thickening.

How to harvest and use crops

Mature bunches are carefully cut with a knife so as not to damage the plant. Grapes are eaten fresh or used to make homemade wines and compotes.

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