How to tie grapes in the country to the trellis correctly for beginners with video

How to properly tie grapes, every fan should know, on the site of which at least one bush of their favorite berries grows. It is the garter that is the most important in plant care, on which both productivity and decorative properties depend. Under natural conditions, the grape grows shapelessly and is a vine weaving along the ground, but such a bush will in no way decorate the garden. In addition, the harvest will be difficult, and its quality will deteriorate.

Why is it necessary to tie grapes?

The garter is required for grape bushes for the purpose that they do not braid all nearby buildings and trees and do not create additional problems and inconveniences for the owner. If the garter is done correctly and in a timely manner in early spring, then additional benefits will be provided:

due to improved ventilation, the risk of developing fungal diseases is reduced;
ensures good penetration of sunlight deep into the bush, resulting in the formation of large fruits with rich taste, and their ripening time is significantly reduced;
a well-groomed grape bush looks aesthetically pleasing on the site;
the procedure for caring for a neat and tied bush is greatly simplified;
pollinating a tied vine is easier and faster, since insects have access to it;
The right vine garter in spring ensures that the twigs will grow the same size and not stretch.

If a gardener wants to achieve from his garden not only an aesthetic appearance, but also a high yield, the garter of grape bushes is necessarily included in the list of spring garden work.

Best time for a garter

Garting grapes in the spring for beginner summer residents seems to be a difficult task, requiring a lot of time. Not all of them know that two main types of this manipulation have been developed: green garter and dry garter. Their difference lies in the timing of the work.

The first option is performed until the moment when the processes of sap flow begin in the vine. The buds should not have time to bloom, otherwise many of them will be damaged, and the yield will noticeably decrease. It is important to know that when tying grape branches at an acute angle equal to 45-60 or in a strictly horizontal arrangement, massive clusters are formed, and the fruits ripen very tasty.

The holding of the green garter falls in the summer. Its main task is to prevent fragile twigs from being damaged by winds and heavy rainfall.

The branches are placed strictly at an angle equal to 90 degrees. It is permissible to perform such a procedure only with those plants that have a long sleeve or a high trunk. As the length of the vine increases, repeated garters are carried out. Such procedures can be carried out only before flowering or the formation of ovaries, so as not to injure the emerging brushes. In total, at least 4 such procedures are carried out during the season.

Which material to choose?

The garter material for grapes is selected competently, responsibly, otherwise there is a risk of damaging the plant. To tie a branch to a support, use strips of soft fabric, twine or thick wire is also suitable. In no case should a fishing line or thin steel wire be used, which can injure the plant, as a result of which the sap flow processes are disrupted, and the branches may die.

The fixation of the shoots is made loose, so that during their growth there is no squeezing. Hard fastening is used only during the green garter, as new shoots develop more slowly and break easily under the influence of a gust of wind.

Vertical poles for supports are made of wood or metal. Tiers of horizontal bars for tying grapes are made of galvanized metal wire, the thickness of which is from 1.8 to 2.4 mm. Wooden supports are preferably made of oak, poplar, alder or mulberry. These breeds are less prone to rotting than others and last much longer.

Garter methods and main steps

The main methods used for gartering grape vines are dry and green. When dry, all procedures are done with lignified and already cut shoots. They are fixed on a trellis on the lowest tier.If the load is large, then the higher tier will also be used. They are laid horizontally, and only last year's processes, intended to form the future trunk, are placed vertically. Old, frozen or damaged branches must be removed.

As soon as the length of the young shoots reaches half a meter, proceed to the green garter. This will help prevent the fragile vines from being damaged during strong gusts of wind and intertwined with each other. Green branches are fastened exclusively in a vertical position and distributed in such a way that there are no more than 3 of them in one node.

Otherwise, pollination will be difficult, which will certainly affect the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the resulting crop. When tying grapes, the material used is initially wrapped around the support wire, and then the vine is fastened with it. This helps not only to prevent chafing of the branches, but also to protect them from burns caused by overheating of the wire in hot weather.

How to tie mature grapes?

If there is an adult grape bush in the country house, then it must be tied up correctly in order to get a plentiful and high-quality harvest in the future. Sleeves of great length are fixed on the constructed trellis at an acute angle. Replacement knots should be fixed on the bar located at the very bottom. The branches that should bear fruit this season are wrapped around the wire and fixed with a cloth or twine on the constructed trellis.

If it is not possible to hang all the shoots in a horizontal arrangement, then the part can be fixed at an angle.

The garter of an adult large bush differs from similar manipulations with a young plant in that the sleeves are placed at an angle of 90 degrees. All actions are performed with the utmost care, because at the slightest careless movement, fragile grape branches break.

Features of the garter of a young plant

In the first year of life, the grape bush is attached to small wooden pegs. It is allowed to install for him a small trellis made of a special mesh. Fastening is made with special materials that will not harm the tender young vine.

When installing coarse mesh as a trellis, it is screwed to supports made of metal or wood. As the shoots grow, they themselves will trail vertically upwards.

How to tie on tapestries?

A trellis is a kind of fence made of a pair of poles and several wires stretched across, to which grapes will be tied. To build it, poles made of wood or metal are buried in the ground at a distance of 3 meters.The depth of the pit is chosen 50 cm. The diameter of the column is 10-15 cm, its length is selected up to 2 meters.

If the future support is wooden, then it is better to give preference to hardwood, which is less susceptible to aggressive environmental influences. To increase its service life, the lower part is dipped into the prepared solution of copper sulphate, after which it is allowed to dry and coated with liquid resin. This procedure makes the vine tying facility even more durable.

The first tier of wire is planned at a distance of 40 centimeters from the soil level. The further arrangement of tiers is designed at the same distance from the previous one. Their number directly depends on the age and size of the grape bush. The longer the shoots, the more tiers of wire are built. As a rule, a couple of tiers are enough for small plants, and up to 5 for medium-sized ones. It must be taken into account in advance that when attaching the vine to the trellis, it does not bend and is sufficiently elastic.The cross section of the wire is selected according to the power of the bush.

With the described method of garter, grape care is simplified. The design is not expensive, because it does not require the use of a large amount of expensive materials. It is quite possible to build it from improvised means. Attaching a vine to a trellis is simple, so even a beginner can handle this task. It should be noted that this technique is only suitable for fixing medium and small plants. Under the weight of a large and powerful bush, the trellis will break. It also grants the ability to form a limited number of fruiting vines.

According to their design, tapestries are divided into single-plane and two-plane. The latter is a pair of ordinary trellises located on both sides of the grape row. At the base, they are connected to each other at an angle. During the construction of the first of them, the distance between the supporting pillars is left at least 60 centimeters, and their height is equal to the distance between the grape rows.

This is done in order to make the structure as stable as possible. If you need to tie shoots to a height of more than 2 meters, then use a ladder or ladder. You can tie grapes with 6 or 8 long sleeves to such a trellis. A two-plane structure requires a lot of materials, which increases its cost. In addition, when preparing the vine for a cold winter, you will need to remove it from the wire.

To tie the vine to the trellis in spring, specially designed scissors are used, which speed up the process of forming loops. This is especially true if there are a lot of bushes on the site. They also use wire wrapped in paper, which also allows you to quickly make a garter. Modern technologies do not stand still, because gardeners often use elastic tape and a stapler for tying grapes.

When making the garter, skeletal branches are initially fixed along the lower tier.In no case is it recommended to take a wire or fishing line for such purposes, since the branches are damaged during growth, development, or under the negative impact of strong winds. Secondary shoots are tied to the second tier at an acute angle. Young branches will be attached to subsequent tiers. It is not recommended to direct all branches vertically upwards, because this is not only fraught with a decrease in yield, but also a loss of decorative qualities.

So that during the growing season the vine does not beat against a metal support, it is recommended to fasten it with a figure eight. For this purpose, the twig itself is first wrapped with a fabric garter, and then attached to the wire. The procedure is performed slowly, tying each vine separately. Gathering it in bunches will not bring a positive result.

Fruit-bearing branches must be attached in a horizontal arrangement, and arrows - at an acute angle.

Can it be grown without a garter?

Garting grapes has a positive effect on the yield and decorative bushes, but is an optional procedure. Plants may well develop without it. In this embodiment, instead of a trellis, a metal support is installed, through which the vine is thrown. At the same time, one must take into account the fact that in order to prepare the bush for wintering, it will have to be removed from the support.

Therefore, this technique is appropriate only when cultivating grapes of medium and small height. The bushes must be properly formed, otherwise the brushes will not have enough lighting, the plantings are poorly ventilated, and, as a result, fungal diseases develop and yields drop.

In order to get a properly formed grape bush, in the first year, during the autumn pruning and preparation for winter shelter, only a few buds are cut from the vine, and its length is left about 1 meter.

In the second year, 2 shoots are formed at the top, and from the lower branch they form a replacement knot with two buds located on it. A fruit arrow with a pair of buds on it is formed from the upper branch. For the third year, the procedure is repeated, thus obtaining another fruiting link.

Growing vines without a tie simplifies the procedure, but is not a convenient and practical way, for example, as if using a standard trellis.

Common mistakes

Errors in the implementation of garter vines in the spring most often occur among growers who do not have practical skills. Experienced gardeners perform all manipulations easily, almost with their eyes closed. Beginners, due to lack of practical skills and doubts, make mistakes more often. First of all, they fasten the vine that survived the cold winter to the trellis with the help of fishing line or hard wire, which provokes a slow movement of juice, weakening and death of the vine.

The second common mistake is that gardeners attach grape shoots to a support or a built trellis in a strictly vertical position. In this case, the yield and weight of the formed brushes are noticeably reduced.

The third common case is the fastening of branches by the upper tips. After a certain time, the growth of such a vine shoot is directed to the side, and the nearby internodes simply dry out.

Another common case of making mistakes is a strong bending or bending of the vine. Gardeners, one might say, make arcs or rings out of it. As a result of such actions, the paths through which nutrients enter the plant are pinched, and the grape bush begins to starve.

All of the above mistakes must be taken into account not only by beginners, but also by experienced winegrowers, in order to prevent them on their site during all manipulations.After all, not only the yield of the grape bush, but also its general condition depends on the correctness of the garter.

If you want to collect a plentiful, beautiful and tasty harvest of he althy berries, then you should take some time to study the theoretical material on gartering grapes and apply the knowledge gained in practice. It is necessary to act carefully so as not to harm the plant and not injure it during the basic procedures. Grapes will surely thank you for your care with a generous harvest.