Pear varieties for the Moscow region: self-fertile, undersized and disease resistant with photo

Some gardeners can boast of varieties of pears for the Moscow region. Heat-loving trees give a stable harvest of juicy fruits. But how to achieve sustainable fruiting? How to make a tree rejoice with fruit every year in an unstable climate? First of all, you should pay attention to the variety or hybrid. Many are zoned for the Moscow region and successfully bear fruit. And for others, it's just a pity to waste space in the garden.

Climatic zone features

Moscow Region is located in the temperate continental climate zone. It is characterized by an uneven distribution of rainfall.It happens that the main share falls in autumn or spring. And in the summer there is a drought. At the beginning of winter, severe frosts are not uncommon, accompanied by a sharp northerly wind. And in late spring, return frosts come, when sub-zero temperatures set for several days.

In such conditions, the care of the southern pear is quite difficult. The tree blooms early, and repeated spring frosts may prevent pollination of flowers and destroy the ovaries.

Cultivation is difficult as fruit buds are set the previous summer and can freeze in the winter.

In conditions of a short warm period, it is recommended to plant early-ripening and early-growing varieties and hybrids. They begin to give a stable harvest in the 3rd year of a tree in the garden.

Summer varieties

Summer varieties have a short growing season. They produce early, fully ripe fruits. But their keeping quality is small: only 2-3 weeks.

Lada

This is an old variety with medium-sized fruits (up to 110 g). Gardeners are attracted by:

• precocity (the tree gives the first fruits after 3 years of life in the garden);
• self-pollination;
• scab resistant;
• frost resistance (fruit buds can withstand temperatures up to -25… -27 degrees);
• yield (30-40 kg per tree);
• Sugary with sour taste of fruits.

But the variety also has disadvantages:

• low keeping fruit (pears are stored for 2-2.5 weeks);
• thin skin hinders shipping;
• the pulp has a pronounced granularity;
• low fruit juiciness.

It is important to remember: the presence of a pollinator variety in the garden (Chizhovskaya, Rogneda) increases the fruiting of Lada by 20-30%.

Krasulya

In the garden, you can often find Krasulya with slightly ruddy fruits weighing up to 120 g. It is easy to identify by the sprawling crown and thorns on the branches and trunk. Tree grows up to 4 m.

Gardeners love it:

• fruiting on the growth of the past and present years;
• sweet fruit flavor (contains 11% sugar);
• resistance to major diseases and pests (scab, tick);
• winter hardiness (fruit buds do not freeze at -25 degrees).

But there are also disadvantages:

• too spreading crown (up to 4 m in girth);
• oily texture of pulp;
• low keeping quality.

Fruit is delicious fresh. They ripen in the second decade of August.

August dew

Fruits ripen at the end of August. They have a sweet and sour taste and a slight graininess. Gardeners appreciate the variety for:

• resistance to scab and pests;
• precocity (begins to bear fruit in the 3rd year of life in the garden);
• harmonious taste;
• yield (up to 15 kg per tree);
• compact (rarely grows up to 2.5 m);
• resistance to fruit shedding.

Disadvantage: poor transportability due to thin skin and juicy pulp.

It is important to remember: the tree needs a pollinator. To do this, plant a Yakovlev Memory tree nearby.

Cathedral

Tall tree (more than 4 m) with a dense crown that requires regular lightening pruning. Gardeners believe that Cathedral is ideal for the Moscow region. Its value:

• frost resistance (withstands short-term temperature drops to -27 degrees);
• drought tolerance;
• annual fruiting;
• good fruit taste (sweet with a sour aftertaste);
• resistance to diseases and pests.

The yield increases by 30-40% when planting a pollinator plant: Lada, Chizhevskoy.

Chizhevskaya

This variety was the most common 10-15 years ago. Chizhevskaya could be found in every garden. The taste of the fruit is quite common: sour, slightly sweet. The pulp is oily, white, granular. But gardeners value the tree for:

• yield (gives regularly up to 60 kg per tree);
• precocity (the beginning of fruiting in the 3rd year of life in the garden);
• compact (the height of an adult pear is 3 m);
• shatter resistance;
• frost resistance;
• drought tolerance;
• fallen fruits do not deteriorate within 1-1.5 weeks.

Fruits make excellent compotes and jams.

Autumn varieties

In the suburbs, autumn varieties on the tree do not fully ripen: they are removed slightly unripe. And then they reach a cool dark place.

When stored properly, pears do not spoil until January.

Muscovite

Muscovite should be planted in the country. It is undemanding to soils and illumination. Tree Value:

• precocity;
• compactness (height up to 3 m, raised rounded crown);
• annual yield (up to 40 kg per tree);
• resistance to fruit shedding;
• winter hardiness (fruit buds are preserved at -27 degrees);
• sweet fruit taste;
• keeping quality (up to 4 months);
• transportability;
• drought tolerance;
• resistance to excessive crown growth.

Fruits make excellent compotes, preserves and jams.

Red-sided

Red-sided grows on almost any soil. And she is undemanding to care. This tree grows over 4 m. But the crown is resistant to fouling, so lightening pruning is carried out every 2 years. Plant value:

• frost resistance;
• yield (up to 80 kg from 1 tree);
• scab resistant;
• large-fruited (pears reach 180 g);
• great taste (sweet, tart, improves after 3-4 days lying);
• keeping quality (fruits are stored until the New Year);
• yield (from 1 tree you can harvest 1 q of fruit);
• universal use of fruits.

But the Red-sided is not fast-growing: it begins to bear fruit in the 7th year of life in the garden.

Smart Efimova

Early autumn pear. It has very beautiful (smart) fruits. The taste is sweet, according to the tasting score - 4.5 points out of 5 possible. The tree is frost-resistant, undemanding to soils, humidity and care. Practically does not get sick and is not damaged by pests.

Hera

The tree has a pyramidal crown. Thickening is practically absent. Grade Value:

• frost resistance;
• great taste and texture of fruits;
• long shelf life (up to 5 months);
• shatter resistance;
• transportability;
• large-fruited (up to 200 g);
• quick restoration of the crown after freezing.

Hera is resistant to fungus and bacterial infections.

Yakovlev's favorite

Yakovlev's favorite is appreciated for the quince fruit aftertaste. Pros:

• winter hardiness;
• taste;
• fruit beauty (yellow-pink, ruddy);
• yield (increases with age).

But the Favorite is not fast-growing: the gardener receives the first fruits in the 7th year of the life of a tree in the garden.

Fabulous

Pear has large fruits (up to 250 g). Practically not affected by scab and tick. The fruits are great for making mashed potatoes, jams. Among the shortcomings of Fairy Tale, gardeners note a high crown, from which it is difficult to remove ripe fruits.

Winter varieties

Winter, or late, varieties in the suburbs do not ripen. The fruits are picked green and kept in the pantry. These hardy trees attract gardeners with their taste and fruit shelf life.

Wonderful

Breeders got this hybrid as a result of crossing the Daughter of the Dawn and the Talgar beauty. The hybrid has a pyramidal crown, resistant to overgrowing. Miraculous is different:

• disease resistance;
• stable yield;
• sweet fruit taste.

Pears weigh up to 210 g. They lie until the New Year.

Fairy

This is the best selling pear. Fairy Value:

• shatter resistance;
• keeping quality;
• yield;
• resistance to diseases and pests.

Fruits have a universal purpose: they are pleasant to eat fresh, and preparations delight with a refreshing taste.

Novel

The novella was obtained by crossing Bere winter Michurin and Svetlyanka. The tree is spreading, tall (up to 4 m). Variety virtues:

• winter hardiness (withstands frosts down to -33 degrees);
• precocity;
• resistance to fungal diseases;
• stable yield;
• large-fruited (up to 180 g);
• excellent taste and consistency of fruit (4.3 points out of 5 possible).

In the gardens of the Moscow region, the variety is rarely found.

Nika

The variety was obtained by crossing the Talgar Beauty and the Daughter of the Dawn. He received virtues from his parents:

• large-fruited (up to 200 g);
• good taste (sweet-sour);
• yield;
• frost resistance (up to -30 degrees);
• transportability;
• keeping quality.

Among the shortcomings, gardeners note a sprawling spherical crown.

Belarusian Late

Gardeners speak of Belarusian late with enthusiasm. The value lies in:

• winter hardiness;
• unpretentiousness;
• compactness;
• yield;
• great taste;
• stable fruiting;
• high transportability;
• keeping quality.

But the gardener gets the first harvest in the 6th year after planting a pear in the garden.

The best sweet varieties of pears

A ripe pear contains a large amount of sugars, which means it has a sweet taste. But some varieties, even unripe, are the most delicious. Some of them can be grown in the Moscow region:

• Autumn sweet;
• Buttery sweet;
• Prominent (Lumpy).

These varieties will please the sweet tooth with an excess of sugars.

Disease resistant varieties

Breeders are constantly improving the characteristics of pears. They create highly immune varieties that do not suffer from diseases. Demonstrated resistance to rust:

• August dew;
• Spirit;
• Wizard;
• In memory of Yakovlev.

These trees are zoned for the Moscow region.

Columnar varieties for the Moscow region

Columnar pears are increasingly chosen by gardeners of the Moscow region. The reasons are obvious:

• trees are stunted;
• the crown is compact, pyramidal;
• early pears.

And even relatively low, compared to the classic varieties, the yield is not an obstacle to buying. The dwarf pear is increasingly found in gardens near Moscow.

Which varieties are recommended to plant:

• early winter Dalikor;
• summer Decor;
• summer Carmen;
• Honey.

But it is important to consider: columnar varieties age and stop fruiting faster than classic ones.

Self-fertile varieties

Pear is a self-fertile tree, that is, it requires a pollinator. This is a variety or hybrid that blooms at the same time as the purchased variety. But recently, self-pollinated varieties and hybrids have become popular. It is recommended to plant in the Moscow region:

• Lado;
• Krasulu;
• August dew;
• Red-sided;
• Muscovite;
• Smart Efimova.

But it is important to remember: the presence of a pollinator will increase the yield by 20-30%.

Modern varieties

Breeders are working to improve the characteristics of pears. New varieties and hybrids are emerging. But they do not go on wide sale soon: tests take a lot of time. In the early 2000s, the following were included in the State Register for the Central District:

• True;
• Thumbelina.

These trees are recommended for growing in the Moscow region.

Recommendations when choosing seedlings

Gardeners must remember:

• better to plant a pear in the spring (it will have time to build up the root system for the winter);
• the plant should have a fibrous system and 1-2 chopped taproots (when buying seedlings with an open root system);
• the pear needs to be planted in a prepared hole;
• the plant should be tied to a peg and shaded.

The place for the pear should be closed from the cold north and northeast winds.

Recommended