Pear Chizhovskaya: variety description and characteristics, cultivation and care with photo

Summer residents often grow pear trees on their plot. Before planting any variety, gardeners study all available information about it. Chizhovskie pears conquer with resistance to weather changes, high productivity and other positive qualities.

Description and characteristics of pear variety Chizhovskaya

For a general acquaintance with the characteristics of the variety, the summer resident needs to know what characteristic features the tree has.

The species was obtained as a result of crossing 2 varieties:

• Forest beauty;
• Olga.

Adult plant does not exceed 2.5 m in height. This makes it easier for gardeners to care for and harvest. Before fruiting, the crown of the Chizhovskaya pear is narrow, after which it becomes cone-shaped. The fruit is yellow-green in color, pear-shaped. The skin is thin and smooth. The taste was rated at 4.2 points, it is sweet, there is a small percentage of acid. The aroma is persistent. Fruits that are on the tree for a long time do not overripe. The characteristic of the variety helps the gardener decide whether to grow the species or not.

Pros and cons

An important part in the characteristics of the variety. The presence of a large number of positive properties makes the pear species popular. Negative traits cause no one to acquire or attempt to grow the plant.

Pros:

• first fruits appear in the third year;
• fruiting is stable and abundant;
• frost resistant;
• taste great;
• appearance is excellent;
• is immune to scab;
• pears hang until harvest, even if the gardener does not have time to collect them on time;
• fruits retain their appearance and taste characteristics during long transportation.

Cons:

• drought intolerance;
• the older the pear, the smaller the fruit.

Crushing of fruits is eliminated by rejuvenating pruning and fertilization. But it will not be possible to completely correct the situation.

How to plant a pear

To grow effectively, start with the right planting. To do this, you need to follow simple tricks that are standard for all varieties of culture.

Place for planting and soil

When planting, it is important to choose a site where the tree will feel comfortable. Choose a place on the sunny side. Groundwater should lie at a depth of 2 m, if possible, the site should be closed from drafts and strong winds. The soil needs to be fertile. Suitable loam or black soil. With insufficient amounts of nutrients in the soil, humus and mineral fertilizers are applied before digging.

Pick up time

The date of planting is determined by the summer resident. It is necessary to take into account the climatic features of the growing region. It is recommended to plant seedlings in the spring. Summer residents do this in the fall. It is important to calculate the landing date correctly.

In the spring, you need to plant a tree before the start of sap flow. In autumn, about a month before the first frost. The growth and development of the future tree depends on the correct choice of planting time.

Seedling selection and preparation

It is recommended to purchase seedlings of 1-2 years of age. They take root better and get sick less during transplantation. The root system should not be deformed or damaged. The same applies to the stalk of planting material.

Before planting a tree, gardeners put it for several hours in a root growth stimulator: "Kornevin", "Epin" and other means.

Step by step landing

Following the sequence will help to grow a he althy plant that will give the declared yield:

1. The landing pit is being prepared in advance. Dimensions 50100 cm. The bottom is covered with a layer of fertile soil with humus and mineral fertilizers. Then they pour ordinary earth.
2. A mound is formed in the planting hole, on which the seedling is placed. Straighten the roots and gently sprinkle with earth.

The grafting site or root neck is 4-6 cm above ground level.

3. At the end of planting water is poured.
4. Mulch the ground around the trunk with any improvised means.

Plant pattern

The tree does not take up much space, so when planting, keep a distance of 4-4.5 m from each other. That is, the diameter of the trunk circle is 4 m.

Pollinators

Chizhovskaya variety needs to be planted in the immediate vicinity of species that bloom with it at the same time. Recognized as the best:

• Severyanka;
• Rogneda;
• Lada and others.

Fulfillment of this item when growing fruit crops increases the yield of the tree.

Rules for tree care

The Chizhevsky variety has no growing features. To obtain a crop, it is recommended to follow standard agricultural practices.

How to water

Before a tree takes root, it must be watered. It does not need to be flooded, but it should not dry out either. While the plant is small, water frequently, the maximum interval between moistening is 20 days. As they mature, water as needed. During dry summers, this is often done; during the rainy season, irrigation is reduced.

Fertilization

You don't need to feed the pear for the first few years. From the 3rd year, they begin to slowly fertilize. The culture responds to organics and mineral supplements.

Periods when a tree needs fertilizer:

• early spring;
• during flowering;
• during the formation of ovaries;
• during fruiting;
• after harvest;
• while preparing the tree for winter.

You need to alternate organic and mineral fertilizers. Then the plant will receive a full recharge.

How to trim

Pruning a tree is a crucial moment in plant care. With the correct procedure, the culture regularly bears fruit, practically does not get sick and rejuvenates.

There are several types of pruning, each of which is necessary for the tree:

• sanitary, remove diseased, dry and damaged branches;
• regulating, remove shoots that interfere with the formation of the crown, growing unevenly or inside the tree;
• formative, remove unnecessary branches, leaving only the skeletal ones that form the crown; cut off part of the length to stimulate the appearance of side shoots.

It is necessary to trim the Chizhovskaya pear, it is important to do everything right.

Whitewash

Whiten trees to protect against pests and viruses. They use quicklime with the addition of vitriol and clay.

Weeding the trunk circle

Weeds must be removed constantly, grass draws most of the nutrients from the soil. Weeding helps to get rid of unwanted vegetation. Gardeners fight weeds by loosening and mulching the trunk circle.

Wintering

With relative resistance to low temperatures, Chizhovskaya pear is grown in some regions without special preparation for winter. In colder areas, tree trunks are wrapped.

Summer residents recommend covering the roots of the tree with dry plant residues, then sprinkle with earth.

Disease and pest control

Pear is exposed to all sorts of diseases. If timely measures are not taken, the summer resident will lose the tree. Gardeners carry out preventive treatments in spring and autumn. Use special products purchased in the store.

It is better to follow the technology of planting and care, performing agricultural practices than to treat a diseased plant.

Possible pear diseases

There are certain diseases specific to the culture. Fighting each of them requires special preparations.

Moniliosis

When affected by this disease, the tree changes outwardly. Brown leaves appear, which then dry out, the same thing happens with flowers. If the plant is affected by the disease during fruiting, brown spots on the fruit will indicate its presence. Favorable conditions for the development of the disease - high humidity.

Scab

Pear Chizhovskaya has a high immunity to this disease. Therefore, the tree does not need treatments for the disease. Signs of the disease - the inside of the leaf is covered with a white bloom, gradually it acquires a brown tint. Then the fungus passes to the ovary or fruit, depending on the period in which the disease developed.

Sooty fungus

A soot-like coating appears on the plants. Therefore, the disease received such a name. The appearance of the fungus is observed during flowering and fruiting.

Probable pests of pears

Pear is attacked by various insects. If you do not take measures to eliminate them, the summer resident will lose part or all of the crop. And then the tree itself.

Aphid

The presence of one insect is impossible to notice, and there is little harm from it. Much worse than a colony of pests that multiply rapidly and destroy the plant. The main sign of the presence of aphids on a tree is a sticky substance on the leaves and curling tops of the branches.

It is necessary to take measures immediately, because their progression leads to the loss of the crop and the tree itself.

Pear codling moth

The butterfly leaves its eggs directly on the fruit. After 15 days, the caterpillar gnaws its way to the pear seeds, lives and develops there, feeding on the seeds and leaving its excrement.

Pear beetle

Beetle larvae hibernate in buds. In the spring they begin to eat, preventing them from blooming. To destroy the pest, it is necessary to cut off the kidneys that have an external defect.

Harvest and storage of crops

In the second half of August, the fruits are ready to eat. If the pear is properly cared for, it will bear 50 kg of fruit. Collect fruits carefully, especially if they are intended for long-term storage. The temperature in the storage room should be 0°C.Humidity is not more than 70%. Pears are put into wooden containers and sprinkled with sawdust or covered with newspapers.

Pear Chizhovskaya - the best option for growing in the garden. Summer residents cultivate it due to the positive qualities that the tree is not deprived of.

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